TLCMap Gazetteer of Historical Australian Places

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Name	Dungala to Naarm War and Resistance
Description	Work on this area was welcomed on country by Uncle Ringo Terrick in 2022. After some delays, from February 2025 the work is being done with the Victorian Indigenous Research Centre at the State Library of Victoria, with the full support of elders on the steering committee. Further Reading and Resources Clark, I. "Victoria: White Fellows No Good: Must Kill 'em" Chapter 6, pp167-189 in Perkins, R. et al Australian Wars Crows Nest Allen and Unwin, 2025 Gapps, S. Uprising Sydney: NewSouth Publishing 2025 Finding Merriman https://findingmerriman.com.au/merriman/merrimans-places/
Type	Other
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Content Warning	Colonial violence. Historical sources include racist language and attidues.
Number of places	114

Contributor	Dr Bill Pascoe
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Language
Latitude From
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Latitude To
Longitude To
Date From
Date To
Date Created (externally)
Added	2025-08-11 14:41:27
Updated	2026-08-21 11:46:24

🌏 Wurundjeri Deputation

Placename: Nak krom / Acheron
Type: Site

Location, Dates

Latitude

-37.271383366445924

Longitude

145.7154366663793

Start Date

1859-03-08

End Date

1859-03-08

Description

"Beaning (a chieftain), Wonga, Munnarin, Murrin Murrin, Parngean, Baruppin, and Koo-gurrin" went with Mr Thomas to the Crown Lands Office to request a section of their land be reserved for their use: "the chief of the Goulburn tribe explicitly made known their request, that the tribe were anxious to secure a tract of land on both sides of a creek which falls into the Goulburn River, named Nak-krom, which the blacks stated was of little use to white people, but kangaroos and opossums were abundant there. This creek is in the county of Anglesey, has dividing range to the south, Goulburn River to the north, Muddy Creek and township to the west, and Rubicon Creek to the east."
This was a precursor to a move to Mohican and then Corranderk.

Sources

TLCMap ID

tf4159

Linkback

http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article5677543

Source

DEPUTATIONS. (1859, March 8). The Argus (Melbourne, Vic. : 1848 - 1957), p. 5. Retrieved May 11, 2026, from http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article5677543

Created At

2026-05-11 22:50:48

Updated At

2026-05-11 22:55:59

🌏 Mt Cottrell, Werribee

Type: Event

Location, Dates

Latitude

-37.769

Longitude

144.634

Start Date

1836-07-16

End Date

1836-07-16

Description

On July 9 1836, following the discovery of the mutilated bodies of Mr Charles Franks, a settler from VDL and his shepherd, Thomas Haines, a party of seventeen men armed with muskets, comprising eight male colonists, four Sydney Aborigines and five 'domesticated' Aborigines from the Port Phillip District (now Victoria), 'proceeded in search of the natives whom they supposed to be the murderers of Mr Franks and his shepherd' (Montagu cited in Cannon & McFarlane, 1982, p 42). The eight colonists were Henry Batman, John Wood, David Pitcairn, Mr Guy, Alexander Thomson, William Winberry, George Hollins and Michael Leonard; the four 'Sydney Aborigines' included Bullett, Stewart and Joe the Marine and the four Port Phillip Aborigines included Benbow, Derrymock, Ballayann and Baitlainge. John Montagu, the Colonial Secretary in Van Diemen's Land, wrote about the incident to his counterpart in New South Wales on 18 August 1836: 'They came up with a tribe, consisting of men, women and children, to the number of about fifty to one hundred, and perceiving upon the persons of some of them articles which were recognised as having belonged to Mr Franks, a rencontre followed. It is not stated however what resistance the natives made, but none of the opposing party were injured, although it is feared that there can be little doubt that ten of the tribe of Port Phillip natives were killed' (Cited in Cannon & McFarlane 1982, p 42). William Lonsdale, magistrate at Port Phillip from late September 1836, was instructed by the Colonial Secretary in Sydney, to investigate the incident. However none of the perpetrators he interviewed would acknowledge the 'rencontre' although it was clear that each of them had something to hide. Those interviewed by Lonsdale were: Henry Batman; John Wood; Michael Leonard; and William Winberry. Winberry acknowledged that a party went after the blacks and that they were found and 'several shots were fired', and that a child was found 'belonging to the fugitives', but he did 'not see that any of the blacks were killed or hurt'. (Winberry cited in Cannon & McFarlane 1982, p 48) Leonard said that the murderers of Franks and Flinders were Aboriginal men, 'Callen and Dundom'. Leonard heard that in relation to the reprisal, 'some were wounded' but he paid 'no attention to it'. (Leonard cited in Cannon & McFarlane, p 49) Was Charles Franks entirely blameless? C.E. Sayers, the editor of T.F. Bride's 'Letters from Victorian Pioneers', notes that settler Robert William von Stieglitz reported that: 'On my way [to the Werribee] I met with a Mr Franks and got some lead from him to make what he called blue pills for the natives, who were very fierce' (Bride 1983, p 88).

Extended Data

Source_ID: 504
LanguageGroup: Wathawurrung
Colony: PPD
StateOrTerritory: VIC
PoliceDistrict: Melbourne
Victims: Aboriginal or Torres Strait Islander People
VictimsDead: 10
VictimDescription: Aboriginal
Attackers: Colonists
AttackersDead: 0
AttackerDescription: Aboriginal, Settler(s)
CorroborationRating: ***
War: South Road
Stage: Kulin
Region: South East
Period: South

Sources

TLCMap ID

te16eb

Linkback

https://c21ch.newcastle.edu.au/colonialmassacres/detail.php?r=504

Source

Cannon & McFarlane 1982, p 41-52; Cornwall Chronicle July 30, 1836, p 2 http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article65954557; Sayers, 1983, p.88; Boyce 2011, p 105-9; Rogers, et.al., 2016, p 89-90 & 92-4.

Created At

2025-08-11 14:41:39

Updated At

2025-08-11 14:41:39

🌏 Mundy, Pyalong Station, Goulburn River

Type: Event

Location, Dates

Latitude

-36.734

Longitude

145.154

Start Date

1837-11-01

End Date

1837-11-30

Description

'After the overlander Fitzherbert Mundy and his partner Smyth established the first pastoral station on Taungurong land' in 1837, the drought began and they were harassed by the Taungurang demanding food. Mundy gave the Taungurong flour and according to historian Judith Bassett, 'whilst they were baking it, he and his men rode down upon them, shooting as many as they could. One of the survivors, Bulgertheroon, subsequently told the story of the Mundy Massacre to the Assistant Protector of the Aborigines, James Dredge. Dredge also heard corroborative evidence of the massacre from Mundy himself and duly confided in his diary that he would not be surprised, 'if at some favourable opportunity retributive justice overtakes the culprits.' (Dredge cited in Bassett 1989, p 26)

Extended Data

Source_ID: 505
LanguageGroup: Taungurung
Colony: PPD
StateOrTerritory: VIC
PoliceDistrict: Melbourne
Victims: Aboriginal or Torres Strait Islander People
VictimsDead: 6
VictimDescription: Aboriginal
Attackers: Colonists
AttackersDead: 0
AttackerDescription: Settler(s), Stockmen/Drover(s)
CorroborationRating: *
War: South Road
Stage: Yorta Yorta
Region: South East
Period: South

Sources

TLCMap ID

te16ec

Linkback

https://c21ch.newcastle.edu.au/colonialmassacres/detail.php?r=505

Source

Bassett 1989, p 26; Broome 2005, p 79.

Created At

2025-08-11 14:41:39

Updated At

2025-08-11 14:41:39

🌏 Faithfull Massacre, Benalla

Type: Event

Location, Dates

Latitude

-36.549

Longitude

145.976

Start Date

1838-04-12

End Date

1838-04-12

Description

On 7 April 1838 ten stockmen overlanding cattle to the Port Phillip District for William and George Faithfull set up camp at the Broken River near present day Benalla after shooting at and possibly killing an unknown number of people at the Ovens River. Although they did not know it, the Broken River camp was an important ceremonial site and Yorta Yorta meeting place. When the stockmen arrived at the Broken River on 6 April they found at least 10 Aboriginal men and their families already camped at the meeting place. On 7 April nine of Faithfulls' shepherds arrived with 4,000 sheep and camped at the meeting place and sought women from the Yorta Yorta camp. That night eight sheep went missing and on the following day, 8 April, the 19 stockmen and shepherds moved camp to the south bank of the Broken River only to be followed. On 9 April more Yorta Yorta arrived and on 11 April, Faithfulls' men prepared to strike camp with the stockmen departing first. Then 20 warriors attacked. One of the shepherds fired and killed a warrior, another fired and missed and the other eight shepherds ran away only to be struck down and killed. Four or five stockmen escaped to report the incident. According to historian Judith Bassett who conducted the most detailed research on the massacre, it 'bore all the hallmarks of traditional and specific revenge, whereby a small, ritually sanctioned group of Aborigines took their victim(s) by surprise and then returned quickly to their camp.'(Bassett 1989, p 23) They did not seek to kill every white man present. If this is the case then it suggests that the massacre was also in direct response to the earlier killing of Yorta Yorta people at the Ovens River.

Extended Data

Source_ID: 506
LanguageGroup: Yorta Yorta
Colony: PPD
StateOrTerritory: VIC
PoliceDistrict: Melbourne
Victims: Colonists
VictimsDead: 8
VictimDescription: Shepherd(s)
Attackers: Aboriginal or Torres Strait Islander People
AttackersDead: 1
AttackerDescription: Warrior(s)
CorroborationRating: ***
War: South Road
Stage: Yorta Yorta
Region: South East
Period: South

Sources

TLCMap ID

te16ed

Linkback

https://c21ch.newcastle.edu.au/colonialmassacres/detail.php?r=506

Source

Cannon 1982, p 312-334; Bride, 1898, pp 151, 186, 241 https://archive.org/details/lettersfromvicto00publiala/mode/2up; Atkinson & Aveling 1987, p 45-54; Bassett 1989, p 18-34; Russell 2002, p 47-8, 53-4; Argus September 13, 1883, p 9 http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article11828136.

Created At

2025-08-11 14:41:39

Updated At

2025-08-11 14:41:39

🌏 Darlington Station

Type: Event

Location, Dates

Latitude

-37.149

Longitude

144.446

Start Date

1838-06-01

End Date

1838-08-31

Description

On 23 July 1839, 'in conversation with Thomas B. Alexander, agent for Captain Sylvester Brown at Darlington Station,' James Dredge, Assistant Protector of the Aborigines' in the region, 'was informed that in the winter of 1838, 'the Aborigines took away a flock of between 800 and 900 sheep,' and [that] when Alexander's men (Captain Sylvester Brown's employees) 'located them 13 Aborigines were shot before the sheep were recovered.' (Dredge cited in Clark 1995, p.89)

Extended Data

Source_ID: 509
LanguageGroup: Djadjawurrung
Colony: PPD
StateOrTerritory: VIC
PoliceDistrict: Melbourne
Victims: Aboriginal or Torres Strait Islander People
VictimsDead: 13
VictimDescription: Aboriginal
Attackers: Colonists
AttackersDead: 0
AttackerDescription: Stockmen/Drover(s)
CorroborationRating: *
War: South Road
Stage: Kulin
Region: South East
Period: South

Sources

TLCMap ID

te16ee

Linkback

https://c21ch.newcastle.edu.au/colonialmassacres/detail.php?r=509

Source

Clark ID 1995, p 89.

Created At

2025-08-11 14:41:39

Updated At

2025-08-11 14:41:39

🌏 Barfold Station, Coliban River, Campaspe Plains

Type: Event

Location, Dates

Latitude

-37.101

Longitude

144.413

Start Date

1838-06-09

End Date

1838-06-09

Description

John Coppock, W.H. Yaldwin's overseer at Barfold Station, on the Coliban River, said in a sworn statement, that on 9 June 1838 about 50 Aboriginal people had stolen sheep from Dr Bowman's and Mr Yaldwyn's runs (Coppock cited in Cannon and Macfarlane, 1982, pp 336-337). Coppock led a party of eight white men from both stations in search of the Aboriginal camp and the sheep. When they reached the camp 'a shot was fired' and the Aboriginal men 'immediately manned their spears and gave another shout and instantly began throwing them at us. These spears dropped by us and passed as we were obliged to shelter ourselves behind trees.' 'We fired upon the blacks and there was a regular engagement for about three-quarters of an hour, when we rushed up to the fires to take possession of the place. When we got to the fires the blacks had deserted them, but we saw them about one or two hundred yards off still in possession of the sheep. It was at this time quite dark and we were afraid to make any further attempt to take the sheep. We therefore went home.' 'At the place where the blacks stood during the engagement we found seven or eight blacks dead' (Coppock cited in Cannon & Macfarlane 1982a, p 337). When Coppock and six stockmen returned to the camp the next day, they 'found the bodies of the blacks who had been killed had been put upon the fire and were partly consumed' (Cannon & Macfarlane, 1982A, p 338). However, since Aboriginal people did not dispose of bodies in this way, it can only be assumed that Coppock and his party put them 'upon the fire'.

Extended Data

Source_ID: 520
LanguageGroup: Djadjawurrung or Ngurai-illamwurrung
Colony: PPD
StateOrTerritory: VIC
PoliceDistrict: Melbourne
Victims: Aboriginal or Torres Strait Islander People
VictimsDead: 7
VictimDescription: Aboriginal
Attackers: Colonists
AttackersDead: 0
AttackerDescription: Settler(s), Stockmen/Drover(s)
CorroborationRating: ***
War: South Road
Stage: Kulin
Region: South East
Period: South

Sources

TLCMap ID

te16ef

Linkback

https://c21ch.newcastle.edu.au/colonialmassacres/detail.php?r=520

Source

Cannon & Macfarlane, 1982, pp 336-340; See also: Clark ID 1995, p 98.

Created At

2025-08-11 14:41:39

Updated At

2025-08-11 14:41:39

🌏 Mount Mitchell

Type: Event

Location, Dates

Latitude

-37.282

Longitude

143.546

Start Date

1838-07-01

End Date

1838-07-31

Description

'In July 1838, Henry Boucher Bowerman, at Mount Mitchell or Burnbank Station on McCallums and Doctors Creeks,' 'had a flock of sheep driven from his run by some Aborigines. While the sheep were being recovered, between 10 and 14 Aboriginal people were shot' by Bowerman's overseer, John M Allen (Clark, 1995, p 89). This was the first of 2 massacres carried out by Allen at Bowerman's station.

Extended Data

Source_ID: 510
LanguageGroup: Djadjawurrung
Colony: PPD
StateOrTerritory: VIC
PoliceDistrict: Geelong
Victims: Aboriginal or Torres Strait Islander People
VictimsDead: 10
VictimDescription: Aboriginal
Attackers: Colonists
AttackersDead: 0
AttackerDescription: Overseer(s)
CorroborationRating: **
War: South Road
Stage: West
Region: South East
Period: South

Sources

TLCMap ID

te16f0

Linkback

https://c21ch.newcastle.edu.au/colonialmassacres/detail.php?r=510

Source

Lang 1847, p 132; Clark 1995, p 89-90.

Created At

2025-08-11 14:41:39

Updated At

2025-08-11 14:41:39

🌏 Maiden Hills

Type: Event

Location, Dates

Latitude

-37.446

Longitude

143.735

Start Date

1839-02-01

End Date

1839-02-28

Description

In April 1839, Assistant Protector Charles Sievwright arrested William Allen, overseer on HB Bowerman's Mount Mitchell pastoral run, and two convict shepherds, Abraham Braybrook and John Davis, at the nearby Learmonth brothers' station at Burrumbeet, for killing and then burning six to eight Aborigines and taking 'every pain to obliterate all traces of the bodies' (Clark, 1995, p 92). According to Clark (1995, p 92), G.A. Robinson said that the site was at the junction of two creeks 12 kilometres from Bowerman's outstation, and that Sievwright 'found a small piece [of] cranium under a piece of log' and that several huts in the district, including that occupied by William Allen, 'had Aboriginal skulls placed over their doors' (Clark, 1995, pp 92-3). 'John Davis and Abraham Braybrook were committed for trial for the killings. However, owing to the lack of corroborating evidence from white men, the attorney general [J.H. Plunkett], refused to prosecute the two men for anything other than the misdemeanour of burning the bodies' and even of that, the men were subsequently acquitted (Robinson Papers cited in Clark 1995, p. 93). According to Chief Protector GA Robinson, the two men 'were not wholly cleared of guilt and the public prosecutor recommended that they be turned to the public works'. However, they were returned to Burrumbeet station where Robinson saw Braybrook on 27 February 1840 (Robinson cited in Clark 1998a, p. 180). The Rev. Joseph Orton presented the following summary of Sievwright's report (dated 17 April 1839) 'Allen, the overseer to Bowerman, had instructed the shepherds at the outstations to inform him immediately any natives made their appearance that he might be prepared for them. On one occasion the natives did come and were quiet and friendly, but the servants having received peremptory orders from Mr Allen to inform him when the natives came, they accordingly did so. Allen immediately ordered his horse to be saddled and rode in search of them and found the natives a few miles from the shepherds' station and warned them not to come near the station' (this incident relates to the massacre of 10-14 Aborigines being killed in July 1838). 'Allen left orders again with the shepherds not to allow the natives near. The men, however, said they were peaceable and they were desirous to keep on good terms with them. A short time after this the blacks came to the shepherds hut and under suspicion that they came to rob the hut an affray commenced and from six to eight Aborigines were shot by the white men. The bodies were burned the next day. It appears in the deposition that a native woman was in the hut with the white men. In answer to a question Allen acknowledged that he had ordered the men to protect themselves. Davies, a prisoner, shot most or all. The above is the substance of the depositions and admissions of the implicated parties which is of course the ex parte statement. Allen was bound to appear when called for in recognisance of 200 pounds. In this case nothing more has been done than taking the depositions of the aggressors and murderers. There being no evidence but their own and that of the Aborigines �� in the former case the accused cannot incriminate himself in a court of justice and in the latter Aboriginal evidence is inadmissible. Thus these miscreants elude justice and boast in their foul deeds �� which accounts for the apparent frankness of their depositions' (Orton 1840-42, 12 January 1841, cited in Clark, 1995, p 89-90).

Extended Data

Source_ID: 512
LanguageGroup: Djadjawurrung
Colony: PPD
StateOrTerritory: VIC
PoliceDistrict: Geelong
Victims: Aboriginal or Torres Strait Islander People
VictimsDead: 6
VictimDescription: Aboriginal
Attackers: Colonists
AttackersDead: 0
AttackerDescription: Settler(s)
CorroborationRating: ***
War: South Road
Stage: West
Region: South East
Period: South

Sources

TLCMap ID

te16f1

Linkback

https://c21ch.newcastle.edu.au/colonialmassacres/detail.php?r=512

Source

Orton Journal, 1840-42, 12 Jan 1841, cited in Clark 1995, pp 89-90; Cannon and Macfarlane 1983, pp 642-643; Clark ID 1995, pp 89-90; 92-93; Clark, 1998, p 192 (Robinson Journals).

Created At

2025-08-11 14:41:39

Updated At

2025-08-11 14:41:39

🌏 Restdown Plains Station, Campaspe River

Type: Event

Location, Dates

Latitude

-36.312

Longitude

144.688

Start Date

1839-06-01

End Date

1839-06-15

Description

Following the killing of hutkeeper James Neill and shepherd Hugh Bryan, by Aboriginal warriors and their taking about 700 sheep from Capt Charles Hutton's outstation near present day Barnadown on the Campaspe River on 22 May 1839, Hutton and three men set off in pursuit. He is alleged to have retrieved the sheep 48kms away. According to EO Randell, historian of the Campaspe Plains pastoral stations, upon his return, Hutton called on magistrate William Yaldwyn at nearby Barfold Station where a detachment of infantry was camped and asked for protection. Yaldwyn refused saying that Assistant Protector Edward Parker was in the district and it was his duty to address the issue and that foot soldiers would be of little help. Another settler Thomas Thornloe reported the details to GB Smyth Officer in Charge of the Mounted Police in Melbourne and advised that a punitive expedition should be sent against the Aborigines to 'teach them a lesson' (Randell 1982, p 289). 'According to the official version of events, a party of mounted police, led by Sgt Dennis Leary, under orders from Smyth' [and accompanied by Hutton and his overseer James Cosgrove], after four days ride, 'encountered a group of Aboriginal people about 112 kilometers from the place where Hutton's servants were killed. A pitched battle is alleged to have ensued and at least six Aborigines were killed.' The location is present day Restdown Plains station. (Cannon & MacFarlane, 1983, p 668). According to Assistant Protector E.S. Parker 'nearly 40 Aboriginal people were shot; the entire group except one woman and a child.' (Clark, 1995, p 94; Cannon & McFarlane 1983, p 668). Parker continued, 'On a review of the whole affair, I can hold but one opinion - that it was a deliberately planned, illegal reprisal on the aborigines, on principles advocated by many persons in this Colony - that when an offense is committed by unknown individuals, the tribe to which they belong should be made to suffer for it.' (Randall 1982, p 295)

Extended Data

Source_ID: 508
LanguageGroup: Djadjawurrung
Colony: PPD
StateOrTerritory: VIC
PoliceDistrict: Melbourne
Victims: Aboriginal or Torres Strait Islander People
VictimsDead: 40
VictimDescription: Aboriginal
Attackers: Colonists
AttackersDead: 0
AttackerDescription: Mounted Police, Settler(s), Stockmen/Drover(s), Overseer(s)
CorroborationRating: ***
War: South Road
Stage: Yorta Yorta
Region: South East
Period: South

Sources

TLCMap ID

te16f2

Linkback

https://c21ch.newcastle.edu.au/colonialmassacres/detail.php?r=508

Source

Randell 1982, pp 288-99; Cannon & MacFarlane 1983, pp 668-674; Clark 1995, p 94.

Created At

2025-08-11 14:41:39

Updated At

2025-08-11 14:41:39

🌏 Blood Hole

Type: Event

Location, Dates

Latitude

-37.21

Longitude

143.875

Start Date

1839-12-01

End Date

1840-01-31

Description

Aldo Massola refers to this massacre as follows: 'At the end of 1839 Captain Dugald McLachlan settled at Glengower Station,' on Glengower Creek, near Campbelltown, 'and after the usual "introductory period" during which they were employed at the station and given flour and sugar rations, the Aborigines were gradually discouraged from frequenting the run. The culminating point of this policy was when the cook, who was in charge of the rations, either under instructions from his employer or otherwise, distributed to the Aborigines a mixture of flour and Plaster of Paris. Though this was a better mixture than the arsenic given them elsewhere in Victoria, we can imagine the "damper" which resulted.' The Aborigines, 'to whom this act was probably the last of a great many indignities, speared the cook and helped themselves to the quarters of mutton hanging from the rafters.' In retribution, 'McLachlan and his men caught up with the Aborigines at a waterhole on Middle Creek where they were about to feast on the mutton. The Aborigines sought safety by diving into the waterhole and there they were shot, one at a time, as they came up for air. The place is still known as "The Blood-Hole"' (Massola, 1969, p 88).

Extended Data

Source_ID: 515
LanguageGroup: Djadjawurrung
Colony: PPD
StateOrTerritory: VIC
PoliceDistrict: Geelong
Victims: Aboriginal or Torres Strait Islander People
VictimsDead: 6
Attackers: Colonists
AttackersDead: 0
AttackerDescription: Settler(s)
CorroborationRating: *
War: South Road
Stage: West
Region: South East
Period: South

Sources

TLCMap ID

te16f4

Linkback

https://c21ch.newcastle.edu.au/colonialmassacres/detail.php?r=515

Source

Massola, 1969, p 88; Clark, ID 1995, p 97.

Created At

2025-08-11 14:41:39

Updated At

2025-08-11 14:41:39

🌏 King River, above Oxley Plains (Wangaratta)

Type: Event

Location, Dates

Latitude

-36.52

Longitude

146.391

Start Date

1841-12-01

End Date

1842-02-28

Description

Among the earliest colonists in the region, George Faithfull established a run at Oxley Plains, neighbouring his brother, whose overlanding men had been massacred in the Faithfull massacre in 1838. In a letter to Lieutenant Governor La Trobe on 8 September 1853 George Faithful wrote that, 'The country was left to us for some years in consequence of the hostility of the blacks, which became so unbearable that I could not keep shepherds, although well armed, without employing a horseman, in addition to myself, to keep continually perambulating the woods lest the natives might cut them off' (Bride, 1889, p 151).
George Faithfull went on to describe a massacre that lasted for many hours: 'At last, it so happened that I was the means of putting an end to this warfare. Riding with two of my stockmen one day quietly along the banks of the river, we passed between the anabranch of the river itself by a narrow neck of land, and, after proceeding about half a mile, we were all at once met by some hundreds of painted warriors with the most dreadful yells I had ever heard. Had they sprung from the regions below we could have hardly been more taken by surprise. Our horses bounded and neighed with fear - old brutes, which in other respects required an immense deal of persuasion in the way of spurs to make them go along. Our first impulse was to retreat, but we found the narrow way blocked up by natives two and three deep, and we were at once saluted with a shower of spears. My horse bounded and fell into an immense hole. A spear just then passed over the pummel of my saddle. This was the signal for a general onset. The natives rushed on us like furies, with shouts and savage yells; it was no time for delay. I ordered my men to take deliberate aim, and to fire only with certainty of destruction to the individual aimed at. Unfortunately, the first shot from one of my men's carbines did not take effect; in a moment we were surrounded on all sides by the savages boldly coming up to us. It was my time now to endeavour to repel them. I fired my double barrel right and left, and two of the most forward fell; this stopped the impetuosity of their career. I had time to reload, and the war thus begun continued from about ten o'clock in the morning until four in the afternoon. We were slow to fire, which prolonged the battle, and 60 rounds were fired, and I trust and believe that many of the bravest of the savage warriors bit the dust' (Bride, 1898, p 152).
According to James Howard, aged 83 in 1883, he was a shepherd on George Faithfull's run at Oxley Plains in 1841 when the 'blacks played sad havoc with Faithfull's cattle and sheep, whereupon the stockmen, shepherds, and hut keepers turned out, mounted and armed, to the number of about 18, fell upon the blacks in camp on the bank of the King above Oxley, and massacred them. About 200 were killed on the spot, and others were pursued miles up the river, until all, with one or two exceptions, were exterminated' (Argus, September 13, 1883, p 9). Howard was at first reluctant to name who was involved, but then confirmed that it was Faithful and said that there were about 200 killed in the initial encounter, and 300 in total, including the pursuit upriver (Argus, September 13, 1883, p 9). The figure of 300 may be an exaggeration, but given this was a sustained massacre which Faithful claimed brought an end to a sustained resistance in this populous area, the death toll was most likely very high.

Extended Data

Source_ID: 559
Colony: PPD
StateOrTerritory: VIC
PoliceDistrict: Murray
Victims: Aboriginal or Torres Strait Islander People
VictimsDead: 150
VictimDescription: Aboriginal
Attackers: Colonists
AttackersDead: 0
AttackerDescription: Hutkeeper(s), Settler(s), Shepherd(s), Stockmen/Drover(s)
CorroborationRating: **
War: South Road
Stage: Yorta Yorta
Region: South East
Period: South

Sources

TLCMap ID

te16f5

Linkback

https://c21ch.newcastle.edu.au/colonialmassacres/detail.php?r=559

Source

Bride, 1889; Sayers, 1969, p 220-221; Argus, September 13, 1883, p 9 http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article11828136

Created At

2025-08-11 14:41:39

Updated At

2025-08-11 14:41:39

🌏 Moira Swamp

Type: Event

Location, Dates

Latitude

-35.942

Longitude

144.95

Start Date

1843-12-15

End Date

1843-12-15

Description

Following the killing of two employees at Horatio Spencer Wills' station 'Calimo' (Tumudgery) on the Edward River near present day Deniliquin in NSW, and the loss of several hundred sheep at other stations along the River Murray, on 24 November 1843, Superintendent La Trobe ordered Henry Dana, of the native police, Crown Lands Commissioner Henry Smythe and his Murray District border police, to each take a detachment of their mounted men to the Murray River at Barmah and Moira Lakes, to investigate (Robinson 24 November 1843 in Clark 1998, pp. 213-214). La Trobe was responding to a letter from Henry Bingham, Commissioner of Crown Lands, based at Tumut in NSW, seeking help. Dana and Smythe and their detachments were accompanied by settlers Henry S. Lewis, Edward Hogg and John Oldbury Atkinson and by a detachment of Bingham's border police led by Sgt James. (Franklin 2021, p.49) The entire party is estimated to have comprised about 20 horsemen.
An encounter took place in the Moira Swamps on 15 December 1843. When Dana returned to Melbourne he sent a brief report to La Trobe on 1 January 1844, saying that he had joined Smythe's party 'on the Murray' and that his men had 'behaved exceedingly well and were of the greatest use in the expedition.' (Dana in Franklin 2021, p. 45)
However Assistant Protector William Thomas had already heard that several people were killed and confronted Dana about it. In response Dana 'abused him...in a violent manner, damned and threatened to kick him.' (Robinson 3 Jan 1844 in Clark 1998, p. 1) On 8 January 1844, the Geelong Advertiser reported that Thomas had charged Dana with 'the murder of several natives!' and that an investigation was under way. On 4 January 1844, Dr James Allen, Robinson's son-in-law and medical officer at Narre Warren Aboriginal station, told Robinson that 'the blacks had told him that a number of men also women were shot by Dana's party at the Murry [sic] and the children were knocked on the head with carrabines. They first sent a party to look for the natives and then went and planted themselves in a scrub and sent two or three troopers to round or drive them up like sheep to be large party carrelled; they then commenced firing and shot some of them in the river etc.' Dana told Robinson that 'he had had a brush with the natives. He went to the Murray by the Campaspe [River] and returned said 20 men, one woman, five children were shot.' (Robinson 5 January 1844 in Clark 1998, p.2)
The inquiry exonerated Dana but did not record the number of people killed. (Port Phillip Gazette 31 January 1844). However, on 17 April 1844, former Sergeant Edward Broderick of Smythe's mounted border police, wrote to La Trobe complaining of his recent dismissal from the force and that he had kept quiet about the illegal shootings of Aboriginal people at the Murray River on 15 December 1843. Smythe and his men had attacked an Aboriginal camp and shot men, women and children 'indiscriminately' and that his evidence could be supported by the three settlers and Sgt James. (Broderick to La Trobe 17 April 1844 in Franklin 2021, pp. 46-49) La Trobe demanded an explanation from Smythe and the three settlers. However, they all said that they fired in self-defence and there was no indiscriminate firing. Smythe said that two Aboriginal men were killed and one woman was wounded in the wrist. Edward Hogg said that Broderick did most of the firing. (Smythe to La Trobe 26 April 1844; Statement by Edward Hogg, 5 June 1841 in Franklin 2021, pp. 54-9).
The inquiry came to an end in August 1844, when the Colonial Secretary in Sydney said that Governor Gipps could see 'no reason to suppose that Mr Smythe encouraged or sanctioned the exercise of any unnecessary severity towards the Natives, on the unfortunate occasion of his collision with them in the Swamp called "Moira"'. (Col Sec to La Trobe 16 August 1844 in Franklin 2021, p. 61) This incident is one of very few that led to two formal inquiries. In each case, the ringleaders, Dana and Smythe, were exonerated.
Colonial records refer to Aboriginal people in this area as 'Bangerang'. Today, some Aboriginal people in this area prefer to be recognised as Yorta Yorta and some as Bangerang.

Extended Data

Source_ID: 1081
LanguageGroup: Yorta Yorta, Bangerang
Colony: NSW
StateOrTerritory: NSW
PoliceDistrict: Murray
Victims: Aboriginal or Torres Strait Islander People
VictimsDead: 26
VictimDescription: Aboriginal
Attackers: Colonists
AttackersDead: 0
AttackerDescription: Border Police, Mounted Police, Native Police
CorroborationRating: ***
War: South Road
Stage: Yorta Yorta
Region: South East
Period: South

Sources

TLCMap ID

te16f6

Linkback

https://c21ch.newcastle.edu.au/colonialmassacres/detail.php?r=1081

Source

Clark ed. Robinson, Port Philllip Journals, vol 3 and vol 4, 1998; Franklin 2021; Geelong Advertiser, 8 January 1844 https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/92676812/8432710; Port Phillip Gazette, 31 January 1844 https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/page/23202115.

Created At

2025-08-11 14:41:39

Updated At

2025-08-11 14:41:39

🌏 Death of Harlequin in custody

Placename: Early Hospital, Melbourne
Type: Event

Location, Dates

Latitude

-37.8139929

Longitude

144.9581623

Start Date

1840-11-19

End Date

1841-05-19

Description

Harlequin died after being conducted as a prisoner by two Mounted Police from the River Hume to Melbourne.

Extended Data

Source_ID: 1
war_id: 2505
people: Thomas Conock | Michael Goodwin | Harlequin
event_type: death in custody; manslaughter charge
direct_violence: True
pastoral_station: NULL
Datasource_ID: awar_db

Sources

TLCMap ID

tf6dea

Linkback

https://australianwars.net/details.php?id=2505

Source

SUPREME COURT. -- CRIMINAL SIDE. Port Phillip Patriot and Melbourne Advertiser (Vic. : 1839 - 1845), Thursday 20 May 1841, page 2 https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/226511209; SUPREME COURT. Port Phillip Gazette (Vic. : 1838 - 1845), Wednesday 19 May 1841, page 2 https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/225008073

Created At

2026-06-28 13:48:33

Updated At

2026-08-21 11:38:08

🌏 Removal of Harlequin to the hospital

Placename: Melbourne watch-house
Type: Event

Location, Dates

Latitude

-37.8175113

Longitude

144.957687

Start Date

1840-12-07

End Date

1840-12-07

Description

Dr. Cussen had Harlequin removed from the watch-house to the hospital after seeing that he was very ill.

Extended Data

Source_ID: 2
war_id: 2505
people: Dr. Cussen | Harlequin
event_type: removal; imprisonment
direct_violence: False
pastoral_station: NULL
Datasource_ID: awar_db

Sources

TLCMap ID

tf6deb

Linkback

https://australianwars.net/details.php?id=2505

Source

SUPREME COURT. -- CRIMINAL SIDE. Port Phillip Patriot and Melbourne Advertiser (Vic. : 1839 - 1845), Thursday 20 May 1841, page 2 https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/226511209

Created At

2026-06-28 13:48:33

Updated At

2026-08-21 11:38:08

🌏 Firing at Abraham or Jimmy at Cumberland Creek

Placename: Cumberland Creek, Loddon River
Type: Event

Location, Dates

Latitude

-36.9637808

Longitude

143.9741834

Start Date

1841-03-01

End Date

1841-03-01

Description

Five assigned servants were charged with firing at Abraham or Jimmy at Cumberland Creek, Loddon River, with intent to do him grievous bodily harm.

Extended Data

Source_ID: 3
war_id: 2505
people: William Jenkins | John Rennington | Edward Collin | Robert Morrison | William Martin | Abraham or Jimmy
event_type: shooting; attempted grievous bodily harm
direct_violence: True
pastoral_station: NULL
Datasource_ID: awar_db

Sources

TLCMap ID

tf6dec

Linkback

https://australianwars.net/details.php?id=2505

Source

SUPREME COURT. Port Phillip Gazette (Vic. : 1838 - 1845), Wednesday 19 May 1841, page 2 https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/225008073

Created At

2026-06-28 13:48:33

Updated At

2026-08-21 11:38:08

🌏 Taking of Harlequin into custody at Mr Ewing's station

Placename: Mr Ewing's station
Type: Event

Location, Dates

Latitude

-36.1057051

Longitude

147.0437622

Start Date

1840-11-27

End Date

1840-11-27

Description

A black man named Harlequin was taken into custody at Mr Ewing's station and delivered to Serjeant Rose.

Extended Data

Source_ID: 4
war_id: 2505
people: Serjeant Rose | a black man
event_type: arrest; custody
direct_violence: False
pastoral_station: Mr Ewing's station
Datasource_ID: awar_db

Sources

TLCMap ID

tf6ded

Linkback

https://australianwars.net/details.php?id=2505

Source

SUPREME COURT. -- CRIMINAL SIDE. Port Phillip Patriot and Melbourne Advertiser (Vic. : 1839 - 1845), Thursday 20 May 1841, page 2 https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/226511209

Created At

2026-06-28 13:48:34

Updated At

2026-08-21 11:38:08

🌏 Harlequin Marched To Melbourne, Day 1a

Placename: Hume Mounted Police Station
Type: Event

Location, Dates

Latitude

-36.1003027

Longitude

146.9093451

Start Date

1840-12-06

End Date

1840-12-06

Description

Harlequin taken by police to the Hume Mounted Police Station.

Extended Data

Source_ID: 15
war_id: 2505
people: Harlequin | Serjeant Henry Rose | Trooper Byers | Trooper Rowley
event_type: coercion; transport; imprisonment
direct_violence: True
pastoral_station: NULL
Datasource_ID: awar_db

Sources

TLCMap ID

tf6dee

Linkback

https://australianwars.net/details.php?id=2505

Source

SUPREME COURT. -- CRIMINAL SIDE. Port Phillip Patriot and Melbourne Advertiser (Vic. : 1839 - 1845), Thursday 20 May 1841, page 2 https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/226511209

Created At

2026-06-28 22:43:03

Updated At

2026-08-21 11:38:08

🌏 Harlequin Marched To Melbourne, Day 8

Placename: Melbourne watchhouse
Type: Event

Location, Dates

Latitude

-37.8175113

Longitude

144.957687

Start Date

1840-12-06

End Date

1840-12-06

Description

Harlequin to Melbourne watchhouse.

Extended Data

Source_ID: 16
war_id: 2505
people: Harlequin | Charles Collington | Michael Goodwin | Thomas Connock
event_type: coercion; transport; imprisonment
direct_violence: True
pastoral_station: NULL
Datasource_ID: awar_db

Sources

TLCMap ID

tf6def

Linkback

https://australianwars.net/details.php?id=2505

Source

SUPREME COURT. -- CRIMINAL SIDE. Port Phillip Patriot and Melbourne Advertiser (Vic. : 1839 - 1845), Thursday 20 May 1841, page 2 https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/226511209

Created At

2026-06-28 22:43:03

Updated At

2026-08-21 11:38:08

🌏 Harlequin Marched To Melbourne, Day 1b

Placename: Mr Barber's station
Type: Event

Location, Dates

Latitude

-36.0918348

Longitude

146.7890167

Start Date

1840-12-06

End Date

1840-12-06

Description

Harlequin chained and taken to Mr Barber's station that evening (10 miles from Hume Mounted Police station).

Extended Data

Source_ID: 17
war_id: 2505
people: Harlequin | Mr Barber | Peter Byers | Rowley
event_type: coercion; transport; imprisonment
direct_violence: True
pastoral_station: Barber
Datasource_ID: awar_db

Sources

TLCMap ID

tf6df0

Linkback

https://australianwars.net/details.php?id=2505

Source

SUPREME COURT. -- CRIMINAL SIDE. Port Phillip Patriot and Melbourne Advertiser (Vic. : 1839 - 1845), Thursday 20 May 1841, page 2 https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/226511209

Created At

2026-06-28 22:43:03

Updated At

2026-08-21 11:38:08

🌏 Harlequin Marched To Melbourne, Day 2a

Placename: Rocky Waterhole
Type: Event

Location, Dates

Latitude

-36.1894392

Longitude

146.470695

Start Date

1840-12-06

End Date

1840-12-06

Description

Harlequin put on horse at Rocky Waterhole (17 mile out from Mr Reids) for 8 miles, then on foot for remaining 9miles to Mr Reids.

Extended Data

Source_ID: 18
war_id: 2505
people: Harlequin | Peter Byers | Rowley
event_type: coercion; transport; imprisonment
direct_violence: True
pastoral_station: NULL
Datasource_ID: awar_db

Sources

TLCMap ID

tf6df1

Linkback

https://australianwars.net/details.php?id=2505

Source

SUPREME COURT. -- CRIMINAL SIDE. Port Phillip Patriot and Melbourne Advertiser (Vic. : 1839 - 1845), Thursday 20 May 1841, page 2 https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/226511209

Created At

2026-06-28 22:43:03

Updated At

2026-08-21 11:38:08

🌏 Harlequin Marched To Melbourne, Day 2b

Placename: Mr Reid's Station, Ovens River
Type: Event

Location, Dates

Latitude

-36.3317218

Longitude

146.3619232

Start Date

1840-12-06

End Date

1840-12-06

Description

Harlequin at Mr Reid's Station on the Ovens (36 miles from Mr Barbers).

Extended Data

Source_ID: 19
war_id: 2505
people: Harlequin | Mr Reid | Peter Byers | Rowley
event_type: coercion; transport; imprisonment
direct_violence: True
pastoral_station: Reid
Datasource_ID: awar_db

Sources

TLCMap ID

tf6df2

Linkback

https://australianwars.net/details.php?id=2505

Source

SUPREME COURT. -- CRIMINAL SIDE. Port Phillip Patriot and Melbourne Advertiser (Vic. : 1839 - 1845), Thursday 20 May 1841, page 2 https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/226511209

Created At

2026-06-28 22:43:03

Updated At

2026-08-21 11:38:08

🌏 Harlequin Marched To Melbourne, Day 3

Placename: Corporal Kirkshaw's station, Broken River
Type: Event

Location, Dates

Latitude

-36.552543

Longitude

145.9810037

Start Date

1840-12-06

End Date

1840-12-06

Description

Harlequin to Corporal Kirkshaw's station at Broken River the next day, and transferred to Kirkshaw's custody (30 miles from Mr Reid's).

Extended Data

Source_ID: 20
war_id: 2505
people: Harlequin | Corporal Abraham Kirkshaw
event_type: coercion; transport; imprisonment
direct_violence: True
pastoral_station: Kirkshaw
Datasource_ID: awar_db

Sources

TLCMap ID

tf6df3

Linkback

https://australianwars.net/details.php?id=2505

Source

SUPREME COURT. -- CRIMINAL SIDE. Port Phillip Patriot and Melbourne Advertiser (Vic. : 1839 - 1845), Thursday 20 May 1841, page 2 https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/226511209

Created At

2026-06-28 22:43:03

Updated At

2026-08-21 11:38:08

🌏 Harlequin Marched To Melbourne, Day 4

Placename: Seven Creeks
Type: Event

Location, Dates

Latitude

-36.7532194

Longitude

145.5753149

Start Date

1840-12-06

End Date

1840-12-06

Description

Harlequin to Seven Creeks (28 miles from Broken River)

Extended Data

Source_ID: 21
war_id: 2505
people: Harlequin | Peter Byers
event_type: coercion; transport; imprisonment
direct_violence: True
pastoral_station: NULL
Datasource_ID: awar_db

Sources

TLCMap ID

tf6df4

Linkback

https://australianwars.net/details.php?id=2505

Source

SUPREME COURT. -- CRIMINAL SIDE. Port Phillip Patriot and Melbourne Advertiser (Vic. : 1839 - 1845), Thursday 20 May 1841, page 2 https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/226511209

Created At

2026-06-28 22:43:03

Updated At

2026-08-21 11:38:08

🌏 Harlequin Marched To Melbourne, Day 5

Placename: Goulburn River Mounted Police Station
Type: Event

Location, Dates

Latitude

-37.0275898

Longitude

145.1081577

Start Date

1840-12-06

End Date

1840-12-06

Description

Harlequin to the Mounted Police Station at Goulburn River, where he complained of being sick and didn't eat much and slept chained to a post. (29 miles from Seven Creeks)

Extended Data

Source_ID: 22
war_id: 2505
people: Harlequin | Sergeant Kelly | Michael Goodwin | Thomas Connock
event_type: coercion; transport; imprisonment
direct_violence: True
pastoral_station: NULL
Datasource_ID: awar_db

Sources

TLCMap ID

tf6df5

Linkback

https://australianwars.net/details.php?id=2505

Source

SUPREME COURT. -- CRIMINAL SIDE. Port Phillip Patriot and Melbourne Advertiser (Vic. : 1839 - 1845), Thursday 20 May 1841, page 2 https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/226511209

Created At

2026-06-28 22:43:03

Updated At

2026-08-21 11:38:08

🌏 Harlequin Marched To Melbourne, Day 6

Placename: Mr Binney's Station
Type: Event

Location, Dates

Latitude

-37.2029983

Longitude

145.0524765

Start Date

1840-12-06

End Date

1840-12-06

Description

Harlequin to Mr Binneys, stopped because Harlequin complained of pain in his side (12 miles from Goulburn River)

Extended Data

Source_ID: 23
war_id: 2505
people: Harlequin | Mr Binney | Michael Goodwin | Thomas Connock
event_type: coercion; transport; imprisonment
direct_violence: True
pastoral_station: Binney
Datasource_ID: awar_db

Sources

TLCMap ID

tf6df6

Linkback

https://australianwars.net/details.php?id=2505

Source

SUPREME COURT. -- CRIMINAL SIDE. Port Phillip Patriot and Melbourne Advertiser (Vic. : 1839 - 1845), Thursday 20 May 1841, page 2 https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/226511209

Created At

2026-06-28 22:43:03

Updated At

2026-08-21 11:38:08

🌏 Finding of Slattery's body near Campaspe Creek

Placename: Campaspe Creek
Type: Event

Location, Dates

Latitude

-36.6463775

Longitude

144.5454839

Start Date

1840-11-26

End Date

1841-05-26

Description

The Border Police found Slattery's body near Campaspe Creek; it had been stripped and speared repeatedly. (location is general area of Bennett's runs, not precise)

Extended Data

Source_ID: 12
Datasource_ID: awar_db
war_id: 2505
people: the Border Police | Slattery
event_type: killing; mutilation
direct_violence: True
pastoral_station: NULL

Sources

TLCMap ID

tf7b17

Linkback

https://australianwars.net/details.php?id=2505

Source

PORT PHILLIP. Free Press and Commercial Journal (Sydney, NSW : 1841), Wednesday 26 May 1841, page 3 https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/228246556

Created At

2026-08-20 13:24:23

Updated At

2026-08-20 13:24:23

🌏 Capture of wounded prisoner near Campaspe Creek

Placename: Campaspe Creek
Type: Event

Location, Dates

Latitude

-36.6207896

Longitude

144.5625966

Start Date

1840-11-26

End Date

1841-05-26

Description

The Border Police found and captured an Aboriginal prisoner about two miles from the body, wounded in the thigh by a musket shot. (location is general area of Bennett's runs, not precise)

Extended Data

Source_ID: 13
Datasource_ID: awar_db
war_id: 2505
people: the Border Police | the prisoner
event_type: capture; wounding
direct_violence: True
pastoral_station: NULL

Sources

TLCMap ID

tf7b18

Linkback

https://australianwars.net/details.php?id=2505

Source

PORT PHILLIP. Free Press and Commercial Journal (Sydney, NSW : 1841), Wednesday 26 May 1841, page 3 https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/228246556

Created At

2026-08-20 13:24:23

Updated At

2026-08-20 13:24:23

🌏 Enquiry into Harlequin's death and Goodwin's committal

Placename: Supreme Court
Type: Event

Location, Dates

Latitude

-37.8167103

Longitude

144.9564584

Start Date

1841-04-26

End Date

1841-05-26

Description

An enquiry into the circumstances of Harlequin's death ended with mounted police trooper Goodwin being committed for trial.

Extended Data

Source_ID: 10
Datasource_ID: awar_db
war_id: 2505
people: mounted police trooper Goodwin | Harlequin
event_type: death in custody; enquiry; committal
direct_violence: False
pastoral_station: NULL

Sources

TLCMap ID

tf7b19

Linkback

https://australianwars.net/details.php?id=2505

Source

PORT PHILLIP. Free Press and Commercial Journal (Sydney, NSW : 1841), Wednesday 26 May 1841, page 3 https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/228246556

Created At

2026-08-20 13:24:23

Updated At

2026-08-20 13:24:23

🌏 Winberri, lead warrior of ngarungaeta (headman) Bebejan

Placename: Bebejan's country. Wurundjeri-Willam, Woiwurrung, Kulin Nation
Type: Event

Location, Dates

Latitude

-37.7222295

Longitude

145.0807298

Start Date

1835-01-01

End Date

1840-10-11

Description

According to Howitt, Winberri was the head warrior or 'henchman' of Ngarungaeta Bebejan. "The henchman of Ningu-labul was the brother of Berak's father, Bebejan, whose henchman was a man named Winberi." (p313, Howitt, 1904)

Extended Data

Source_ID: 97
Datasource_ID: awar_db
war_id: 2505
people: Winberri | Bebejan
event_type: Lead warrior
direct_violence: False
pastoral_station: NULL

Sources

TLCMap ID

tf7b1a

Linkback

https://australianwars.net/details.php?id=2505

Source

Howitt, A.W. The Native Tribes of South-East Australia, London: MacMillan & Co., 1904 https://archive.org/details/nativetribesofso00howiuoft

Created At

2026-08-20 13:24:23

Updated At

2026-08-20 13:24:23

🌏 Bingham and Huon reprisal group followed the group for more than fifty miles through swamps, gullies and mountains.

Placename: Wodonga
Type: Event

Location, Dates

Latitude

-36.4932807

Longitude

146.9429878

Start Date

1840-09-26

End Date

1840-09-26

Description

Mr Bingham, two policemen, Mr Huon, the correspondent, and volunteers pursued the Aboriginal raiders for four days from the Hume River crossing place towards the Ovens River and lost their track.

Extended Data

Source_ID: 112
Datasource_ID: awar_db
war_id: 2505
people: Mr Bingham | two policemen | Mr Huon | a few other volunteers | our two blacks | the five black ringleaders
event_type: pursuit
direct_violence: False
pastoral_station: NULL

Sources

TLCMap ID

tf7b1b

Linkback

https://australianwars.net/details.php?id=2505

Source

NEWS FROM THE INTERIOR. (From various Correspondents.) HUME RIVER. (1840, October 30). The Sydney Herald (NSW : 1831 - 1842), p. 2. Retrieved August 10, 2026, from http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article12866265

Created At

2026-08-20 13:24:23

Updated At

2026-08-20 13:24:23

🌏 Hospitalisation and amputation of prisoner in Melbourne

Placename: Melbourne
Type: Event

Location, Dates

Latitude

-37.8139929

Longitude

144.9581623

Start Date

1840-11-26

End Date

1841-05-26

Description

When brought to Melbourne, the wounded prisoner was sent to hospital and the colonial assistant-surgeon said amputation was necessary.

Extended Data

Source_ID: 14
Datasource_ID: awar_db
war_id: 2505
people: the prisoner
event_type: hospitalisation; amputation
direct_violence: False
pastoral_station: NULL

Sources

TLCMap ID

tf7b1c

Linkback

https://australianwars.net/details.php?id=2505

Source

PORT PHILLIP NEWS. Southern Australian (Adelaide, SA : 1838 - 1844), Tuesday 8 December 1840, page 4 https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/71620462; PORT PHILLIP. Free Press and Commercial Journal (Sydney, NSW : 1841), Wednesday 26 May 1841, page 3 https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/228246556; QUARTER SESSIONS. Port Phillip Patriot and Melbourne Advertiser (Vic. : 1839 - 1845), Thursday 7 January 1841, page 2 https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/226510885

Created At

2026-08-20 13:24:23

Updated At

2026-08-20 13:24:23

🌏 Attack on Bennett's flock at Campaspe Plains

Placename: Campaspe Plains
Type: Event

Location, Dates

Latitude

-36.67656

Longitude

144.5220609

Start Date

1840-11-26

End Date

1841-05-26

Description

Aboriginal people attacked and carried off a flock of 500 sheep belonging to Mr. Bennett at Campaspe Plains. (location is general area of Bennett's runs, not precise)

Extended Data

Source_ID: 11
Datasource_ID: awar_db
war_id: 2505
people: the blacks | Mr. Bennett
event_type: raid; stock theft
direct_violence: False
pastoral_station: NULL

Sources

TLCMap ID

tf7b1d

Linkback

https://australianwars.net/details.php?id=2505

Source

PORT PHILLIP. Free Press and Commercial Journal (Sydney, NSW : 1841), Wednesday 26 May 1841, page 3 https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/228246556

Created At

2026-08-20 13:24:23

Updated At

2026-08-20 13:24:23

🌏 Raid and killing at Waugh's Station

Placename: Waugh's Station, Delatite Station
Type: Event

Location, Dates

Latitude

-37.1505726

Longitude

146.1318746

Start Date

1840-05-22

End Date

1840-05-22

Description

After demanding powder and ball, armed Aboriginal group, said to include Jacky, Winberri and Billy Hamilton raid Waugh's station. watchman and shepherd killed, 528 sheep driven off, and hut raided to 1200 pounds in losses.

Extended Data

Source_ID: 99
Datasource_ID: awar_db
war_id: 2505
people: Jacky | Winberry | Billy Hamilton
event_type: pursuit
direct_violence: True
pastoral_station: Waugh

Sources

TLCMap ID

tf7b1e

Linkback

https://australianwars.net/details.php?id=2505

Source

COUNTRY NEWS. (1840, July 7). The Australian (Sydney, NSW : 1824 - 1848), p. 3. Retrieved August 10, 2026, from http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article36852259; News of the Day. (1840, July 25). The Sydney Monitor and Commercial Advertiser (NSW : 1838 - 1841), p. 2 (MORNING). Retrieved August 10, 2026, from http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article32184120; PORT PHILLIP NEWS. Southern Australian (Adelaide, SA : 1838 - 1844), Tuesday 8 December 1840, page 4 https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/71620462; The Port Phillip District. (1840, July 28). The Sydney Monitor and Commercial Advertiser (NSW : 1838 - 1841), p. 2 (MORNING). Retrieved August 10, 2026, from http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article32184156

Created At

2026-08-20 13:24:23

Updated At

2026-08-20 13:24:23

🌏 Raid and killing at Mackay's station

Placename: Mackay's Station
Type: Event

Location, Dates

Latitude

-36.503021

Longitude

146.6042824

Start Date

1840-05-29

End Date

1840-05-30

Description

Aboriginal group, armed with guns, raid Mackay's station. Horses killed, hut burned down and wheat destroyed in a 2 day siege. According to news reports the group included 'Jacky, Winberri and Billy Hamilton'. According to Dr Mackay's statement to Chief Protector Robinson, the leader was Merriman.

Extended Data

Source_ID: 98
Datasource_ID: awar_db
war_id: 2505
people: Jacky | Winberry | Billy Hamilton
event_type: pursuit
direct_violence: True
pastoral_station: Mackay

Sources

TLCMap ID

tf7b1f

Linkback

https://australianwars.net/details.php?id=2505

Source

COUNTRY NEWS. (1840, July 7). The Australian (Sydney, NSW : 1824 - 1848), p. 3. Retrieved August 10, 2026, from http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article36852259; ERRORS OF THE PRESS. (1840, June 24). The Colonist (Sydney, NSW : 1835 - 1840), p. 3. Retrieved August 10, 2026, from http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article31725175; LEGISLATIVE COUNCIL. (1840, August 20). Port Phillip Patriot and Melbourne Advertiser (Vic. : 1839 - 1845), p. 2. Retrieved August 10, 2026, from http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article228130498; PORT PHILLIP NEWS. Southern Australian (Adelaide, SA : 1838 - 1844), Tuesday 8 December 1840, page 4 https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/71620462; SYDNEY. (1840, September 18). Southern Australian (Adelaide, SA : 1838 - 1844), p. 3. Retrieved August 10, 2026, from http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article71620018

Created At

2026-08-20 13:24:23

Updated At

2026-08-20 13:24:23

🌏 Release of Aboriginal prisoners from gaol

Placename: Early Gaol, Melbourne
Type: Event

Location, Dates

Latitude

-37.8175113

Longitude

144.957687

Start Date

1840-11-16

End Date

1840-11-16

Description

Twenty Aboriginal people were discharged from the gaol under the warrant of Major Lettsom, and ten were retained.

Extended Data

Source_ID: 26
Datasource_ID: awar_db
war_id: 2505
people: twenty of the Blacks | Major Lettsom | ten were retained | Billy Hamilton
event_type: release; imprisonment
direct_violence: False
pastoral_station: NULL

Sources

TLCMap ID

tf7b20

Linkback

https://australianwars.net/details.php?id=2505

Source

Domestic Intelligence. Port Phillip Gazette (Vic. : 1838 - 1845), Wednesday 18 November 1840, page 3 https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/225005818; PORT PHILLIP. Australian (Sydney, NSW : 1824 - 1848), Thursday 26 November 1840, page 2 https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/36852410; Port Phillip. Sydney Monitor and Commercial Advertiser (NSW : 1838 - 1841), Thursday 26 November 1840, page 2 https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/32186933

Created At

2026-08-20 13:24:23

Updated At

2026-08-20 13:24:23

🌏 Aboriginal people brought before the Mayor's Court for drunkenness

Placename: Mayor's Court, Melbourne
Type: Event

Location, Dates

Latitude

-37.8136

Longitude

144.9631

Start Date

1846-11-12

End Date

1847-05-12

Description

Several Aboriginal people were brought before the Mayor's Court for drunkenness.

Extended Data

Source_ID: 28
Datasource_ID: awar_db
war_id: 2505
people: Several aboriginals
event_type: court; drunkenness
direct_violence: False
pastoral_station: NULL

Sources

TLCMap ID

tf7b21

Linkback

https://australianwars.net/details.php?id=2505

Source

DOMESTIC INTELLIGENCE. Port Phillip Gazette and Settler's Journal (Vic. : 1845 - 1850), Wednesday 12 May 1847, page 2 https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/223150652

Created At

2026-08-20 13:24:23

Updated At

2026-08-20 13:24:23

🌏 Billy Hamilton confined in the stocks

Placename: Stocks, Western Market Square
Type: Event

Location, Dates

Latitude

-37.8174066

Longitude

144.9593347

Start Date

1847-04-15

End Date

1847-04-15

Description

Billy Hamilton, an Aboriginal person, was confined in the stocks for two hours for getting intoxicated.

Extended Data

Source_ID: 27
Datasource_ID: awar_db
war_id: 2505
people: Billy Hamilton
event_type: imprisonment; punishment
direct_violence: False
pastoral_station: NULL

Sources

TLCMap ID

tf7b22

Linkback

https://australianwars.net/details.php?id=2505

Source

DOMESTIC INTELLIGENCE. Port Phillip Gazette and Settler's Journal (Vic. : 1845 - 1850), Saturday 17 April 1847, page 2 https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/223149848

Created At

2026-08-20 13:24:23

Updated At

2026-08-20 13:24:23

🌏 Billy Hamilton lodged in Melbourne jail

Placename: Melbourne
Type: Event

Location, Dates

Latitude

-37.8136

Longitude

144.9631

Start Date

1842-12-29

End Date

1842-12-29

Description

Billy Hamilton was lodged in Her Majesty's jail at Melbourne to await trial.

Extended Data

Source_ID: 36
Datasource_ID: awar_db
war_id: 2505
people: Billy Hamilton
event_type: imprisonment; arrest
direct_violence: False
pastoral_station: NULL

Sources

TLCMap ID

tf7b23

Linkback

https://australianwars.net/details.php?id=2505

Source

DOMESTIC INTELLIGENCE. Port Phillip Gazette (Vic. : 1838 - 1845), Saturday 31 December 1842, page 2 https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/225008037; MELBOURNE. Portland Guardian and Normanby General Advertiser (Vic. : 1842 - 1876), Saturday 4 February 1843, page 4 https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/71569020

Created At

2026-08-20 13:24:23

Updated At

2026-08-20 13:24:23

🌏 Robbery of Andrew Stewart at Buninyong

Placename: Buninyong
Type: Event

Location, Dates

Latitude

-37.652

Longitude

143.877

Start Date

1842-12-08

End Date

1842-12-08

Description

James McGuire, William Duncan, and John Robinson robbed Andrew Stewart at his dwelling-house and put him in bodily fear.

Extended Data

Source_ID: 40
Datasource_ID: awar_db
war_id: 2505
people: James McGuire | William Duncan | John Robinson | Andrew Stewart
event_type: robbery; threat
direct_violence: True
pastoral_station: NULL

Sources

TLCMap ID

tf7b24

Linkback

https://australianwars.net/details.php?id=2505

Source

JUDICIAL INTELLIGENCE. Port Phillip Gazette (Vic. : 1838 - 1845), Wednesday 11 January 1843, page 3 https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/225009900

Created At

2026-08-20 13:24:23

Updated At

2026-08-20 13:24:23

🌏 Yabbee (Billy Hamilton) bound over to 'keep the peace'

Placename: Court of Quarter Sessions, Western Market
Type: Event

Location, Dates

Latitude

-37.8188598

Longitude

144.9602822

Start Date

1843-02-13

End Date

1843-02-13

Description

Billy Hamilton was placed at the bar of the Police-office and bound over to keep the peace for six months.

Extended Data

Source_ID: 38
Datasource_ID: awar_db
war_id: 2505
people: Billy Hamilton | Mr. Assistant Protector Parker | Mr. Le Soueff
event_type: court proceeding; restraint
direct_violence: False
pastoral_station: NULL

Sources

TLCMap ID

tf7b25

Linkback

https://australianwars.net/details.php?id=2505

Source

DOMESTIC INTELLIGENCE. Port Phillip Gazette (Vic. : 1838 - 1845), Wednesday 15 February 1843, page 2 https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/225008521

Created At

2026-08-20 13:24:23

Updated At

2026-08-20 13:24:23

🌏 Attack on Mr Stuckey's station

Placename: Stuckey's Station
Type: Event

Location, Dates

Latitude

-36.9270498

Longitude

146.0013615

Start Date

1840-06-24

End Date

1840-06-24

Description

Aboriginal people attacked Mr Stuckey's station, bailed up Mr Stuckey and his men, and fired at them for some time.

Extended Data

Source_ID: 101
Datasource_ID: awar_db
war_id: 2505
people: they | Mr. Stuckey and his men
event_type: attack; pursuit; threat
direct_violence: False
pastoral_station: Mr. Stuckey's station

Sources

TLCMap ID

tf7b26

Linkback

https://australianwars.net/details.php?id=2505

Source

ERRORS OF THE PRESS. (1840, June 24). The Colonist (Sydney, NSW : 1835 - 1840), p. 3. Retrieved August 10, 2026, from http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article31725175

Created At

2026-08-20 13:24:23

Updated At

2026-08-20 13:24:23

🌏 Faithfull Massacre

Placename: Broken River
Type: Event

Location, Dates

Latitude

-36.549

Longitude

145.976

Start Date

1838-01-01

End Date

1838-12-31

Description

Faithful's party was assassinated on the Broken River.

Extended Data

Source_ID: 32
Datasource_ID: awar_db
war_id: 2505
people: Faithful's party
event_type: killing
direct_violence: True
pastoral_station: NULL

Sources

TLCMap ID

tf7b27

Linkback

https://australianwars.net/details.php?id=2505

Source

LATE AFFAIR WITH THE ABORIGINES. Port Phillip Gazette (Vic. : 1838 - 1845), Saturday 17 October 1840, page 2 https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/225005618

Created At

2026-08-20 13:24:23

Updated At

2026-08-20 13:24:23

🌏 Shooting at Mr. Le Soueff

Placename: Mungallook Protectorate Station, Goulburn
Type: Event

Location, Dates

Latitude

-36.617

Longitude

145.215

Start Date

1842-12-29

End Date

1842-12-29

Description

Billy Hamilton shot at Mr. Le Soeffe with intent to murder him.

Extended Data

Source_ID: 35
Datasource_ID: awar_db
war_id: 2505
people: Billy Hamilton | Mr. Le Soeffe
event_type: attempted murder; shooting
direct_violence: True
pastoral_station: NULL

Sources

TLCMap ID

tf7b28

Linkback

https://australianwars.net/details.php?id=2505

Source

DOMESTIC INTELLIGENCE. Port Phillip Gazette (Vic. : 1838 - 1845), Saturday 31 December 1842, page 2 https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/225008037; JUDICIAL INTELLIGENCE. Port Phillip Gazette (Vic. : 1838 - 1845), Wednesday 11 January 1843, page 3 https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/225009900

Created At

2026-08-20 13:24:23

Updated At

2026-08-20 13:24:23

🌏 Arrest of Yabee (Billy Hamilton) under warrant

Placename: Mungallook Protectorate Station, Goulburn
Type: Event

Location, Dates

Latitude

-36.617

Longitude

145.215

Start Date

1843-02-10

End Date

1843-02-10

Description

Billy Hamilton of the Goulburn tribe was apprehended under a warrant for threatening to take the life of Mr. Assistant Protector Le Soueff.

Extended Data

Source_ID: 37
Datasource_ID: awar_db
war_id: 2505
people: Billy Hamilton | Mr. Assistant Protector Le Soueff
event_type: arrest; threat
direct_violence: False
pastoral_station: NULL

Sources

TLCMap ID

tf7b29

Linkback

https://australianwars.net/details.php?id=2505

Source

DOMESTIC INTELLIGENCE. Port Phillip Gazette (Vic. : 1838 - 1845), Wednesday 15 February 1843, page 2 https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/225008521; PORT PHILLIP. Launceston Examiner (Tas. : 1842 - 1899), Saturday 14 January 1843, page 8 https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/36232413; SHIPPING INTELLIGENCE. Colonial Observer (Sydney, NSW : 1841 - 1844), Wednesday 11 January 1843, page 5 https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/226360512

Created At

2026-08-20 13:24:23

Updated At

2026-08-20 13:24:23

🌏 Attack on Mr Smith's men on the King River

Placename: King River
Type: Event

Location, Dates

Latitude

-36.4418041

Longitude

146.3726438

Start Date

1840-06-24

End Date

1840-06-24

Description

Aboriginal people attacked Mr Smith's men on the King River, and one man had a narrow escape.

Extended Data

Source_ID: 102
Datasource_ID: awar_db
war_id: 2505
people: they | Mr. Smith's men
event_type: attack; wounding
direct_violence: True
pastoral_station: NULL

Sources

TLCMap ID

tf7b2a

Linkback

https://australianwars.net/details.php?id=2505

Source

ERRORS OF THE PRESS. (1840, June 24). The Colonist (Sydney, NSW : 1835 - 1840), p. 3. Retrieved August 10, 2026, from http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article31725175

Created At

2026-08-20 13:24:23

Updated At

2026-08-20 13:24:23

🌏 Theft of quart pot at Mount Buller

Placename: Mount Buller
Type: Event

Location, Dates

Latitude

-37.1505726

Longitude

146.1318746

Start Date

1840-07-25

End Date

1840-07-25

Description

Aboriginal people stole a quart pot from the watchman before returning.

Extended Data

Source_ID: 103
Datasource_ID: awar_db
war_id: 2505
people: the blacks
event_type: theft
direct_violence: False
pastoral_station: NULL

Sources

TLCMap ID

tf7b2b

Linkback

https://australianwars.net/details.php?id=2505

Source

News of the Day. (1840, July 25). The Sydney Monitor and Commercial Advertiser (NSW : 1838 - 1841), p. 2 (MORNING). Retrieved August 10, 2026, from http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article32184120

Created At

2026-08-20 13:24:23

Updated At

2026-08-20 13:24:23

🌏 Order to take Aboriginal women into custody at the Yarra

Placename: the Yarra
Type: Event

Location, Dates

Latitude

-37.8167

Longitude

144.9667

Start Date

1843-02-13

End Date

1843-02-13

Description

The Police Magistrate directed that Aboriginal women found washing dogs at the banks of the Yarra near the pumps should be taken into custody.

Extended Data

Source_ID: 39
Datasource_ID: awar_db
war_id: 2505
people: the aboriginal women | The Police Magistrate
event_type: threat; arrest order
direct_violence: False
pastoral_station: NULL

Sources

TLCMap ID

tf7b2c

Linkback

https://australianwars.net/details.php?id=2505

Source

DOMESTIC INTELLIGENCE. Port Phillip Gazette (Vic. : 1838 - 1845), Wednesday 15 February 1843, page 2 https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/225008521

Created At

2026-08-20 13:24:23

Updated At

2026-08-20 13:24:23

🌏 Bodies of victims of raid could not be found

Placename: Mount Buller
Type: Event

Location, Dates

Latitude

-37.1505726

Longitude

146.1318746

Start Date

1840-07-25

End Date

1840-07-25

Description

Bodies of victims of raid could not be found after a 3 day search.

Extended Data

Source_ID: 104
Datasource_ID: awar_db
war_id: 2505
people: they
event_type: concealment
direct_violence: False
pastoral_station: NULL

Sources

TLCMap ID

tf7b2d

Linkback

https://australianwars.net/details.php?id=2505

Source

News of the Day. (1840, July 25). The Sydney Monitor and Commercial Advertiser (NSW : 1838 - 1841), p. 2 (MORNING). Retrieved August 10, 2026, from http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article32184120

Created At

2026-08-20 13:24:23

Updated At

2026-08-20 13:24:23

🌏 Three attacks force squatter to abandon run

Placename: Mount Buller
Type: Event

Location, Dates

Latitude

-37.0419331

Longitude

146.1302242

Start Date

1840-07-25

End Date

1840-07-25

Description

Aboriginal people made three separate attacks on the author of the news article. This is anonymous but comparing with Letters from Victorian Pioneers (Bride, 1898) was most likely Alfred Taddy Thomson.

Extended Data

Source_ID: 105
Datasource_ID: awar_db
war_id: 2505
people: The savages
event_type: attack; threat
direct_violence: False
pastoral_station: NULL

Sources

TLCMap ID

tf7b2e

Linkback

https://australianwars.net/details.php?id=2505

Source

News of the Day. (1840, July 25). The Sydney Monitor and Commercial Advertiser (NSW : 1838 - 1841), p. 2 (MORNING). Retrieved August 10, 2026, from http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article32184120

Created At

2026-08-20 13:24:23

Updated At

2026-08-20 13:24:23

🌏 Capture of sixty-four Aboriginal men

Placename: Goulburn
Type: Event

Location, Dates

Latitude

-37.017826

Longitude

145.1280247

Start Date

1840-10-11

End Date

1840-10-11

Description

Sixty-four Aboriginal men were captured in the Goulburn district.

Extended Data

Source_ID: 30
Datasource_ID: awar_db
war_id: 2505
people: sixty-four men
event_type: capture; police expedition
direct_violence: False
pastoral_station: NULL

Sources

TLCMap ID

tf7b2f

Linkback

https://australianwars.net/details.php?id=2505

Source

LATE AFFAIR WITH THE ABORIGINES. Port Phillip Gazette (Vic. : 1838 - 1845), Saturday 17 October 1840, page 2 https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/225005618

Created At

2026-08-20 13:24:23

Updated At

2026-08-20 13:24:23

🌏 Release from the store in the morning

Placename: Rattenbury's store behind jail
Type: Event

Location, Dates

Latitude

-37.8171398

Longitude

144.9582243

Start Date

1840-10-12

End Date

1840-10-12

Description

The Aboriginal people who remained were released on Monday morning, rationed with small supplies, and allowed to return to their mia mia's in the bush.

Extended Data

Source_ID: 49
Datasource_ID: awar_db
war_id: 2505
people: Those that remained
event_type: release; detention
direct_violence: False
pastoral_station: Mr. Rattenbury's newly erected store

Sources

TLCMap ID

tf7b30

Linkback

https://australianwars.net/details.php?id=2505

Source

Created At

2026-08-20 13:24:23

Updated At

2026-08-20 13:24:23

🌏 Escape of detainees from Mr. Rattenbury's store

Placename: Rattenbury's store behind jail
Type: Event

Location, Dates

Latitude

-37.8171398

Longitude

144.9582243

Start Date

1840-10-11

End Date

1840-10-11

Description

Some thirty or forty Aboriginal men escaped during the night from the newly erected store by undermining the foundation and crawling through a hole.

Extended Data

Source_ID: 46
Datasource_ID: awar_db
war_id: 2505
people: some thirty or forty of the men
event_type: escape; detention
direct_violence: False
pastoral_station: Mr. Rattenbury's newly erected store

Sources

TLCMap ID

tf7b31

Linkback

https://australianwars.net/details.php?id=2505

Source

DOMESTIC INTELLIGENCE. Sydney Gazette and New South Wales Advertiser (NSW : 1803 - 1842), Saturday 24 October 1840, page 2 https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/2546927; NEWS FROM THE INTERIOR. Sydney Herald (NSW : 1831 - 1842), Monday 2 November 1840, page 2 https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/12866311; PORT PHILIP. Colonist (Sydney, NSW : 1835 - 1840), Tuesday 3 November 1840, page 3 https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/31725836; PORT PHILLIP EXTRACTS. Commercial Journal and Advertiser (Sydney, NSW : 1835 - 1840), Wednesday 28 October 1840, page 4 https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/226456914; PORT PHILLIP EXTRACTS. Tasmanian Weekly Dispatch (Hobart Town, Tas. : 1839 - 1841), Friday 30 October 1840, page 6 https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/233619804; Port Phillip. Australasian Chronicle (Sydney, NSW : 1839 - 1843), Thursday 29 October 1840, page 4 https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/31729652; PORT PHILLIP. Sydney Herald (NSW : 1831 - 1842), Saturday 24 October 1840, page 2 https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/28652699; Port Phillip. Sydney Monitor and Commercial Advertiser (NSW : 1838 - 1841), Saturday 24 October 1840, page 2 https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/32186095; THE BLACKS. Port Phillip Gazette (Vic. : 1838 - 1845), Wednesday 14 October 1840, page 3 https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/225005950

Created At

2026-08-20 13:24:23

Updated At

2026-08-20 13:24:23

🌏 Assault on Mr. Wm. Moore at Merri Creek

Placename: Merri Creek
Type: Event

Location, Dates

Latitude

-37.75

Longitude

144.98

Start Date

1848-05-25

End Date

1848-11-25

Description

A mob of Aboriginal people assaulted Mr. Wm. Moore while he was working in a paddock near Merri Creek.

Extended Data

Source_ID: 57
Datasource_ID: awar_db
war_id: 2505
people: Mr. Wm. Moore | a mob of black fellows | Billy Hamilton
event_type: assault
direct_violence: True
pastoral_station: NULL

Sources

TLCMap ID

tf7b32

Linkback

https://australianwars.net/details.php?id=2505

Source

COLONIAL EXTRACTS. Moreton Bay Courier (Brisbane, Qld. : 1846 - 1861), Saturday 25 November 1848, page 4 https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/3708435

Created At

2026-08-20 13:24:23

Updated At

2026-08-20 13:24:23

🌏 Billy Hamilton sentenced to imprisonment

Placename: Melbourne
Type: Event

Location, Dates

Latitude

-37.8136

Longitude

144.9631

Start Date

1847-08-31

End Date

1847-08-31

Description

Billy Hamilton was brought before the magistrates for intoxication and, unable to pay the fine, was sentenced to seventy two hours imprisonment.

Extended Data

Source_ID: 58
Datasource_ID: awar_db
war_id: 2505
people: Billy Hamilton | the magistrates
event_type: trial; sentencing; imprisonment
direct_violence: False
pastoral_station: NULL

Sources

TLCMap ID

tf7b33

Linkback

https://australianwars.net/details.php?id=2505

Source

Domestic Intelligence. Melbourne Argus (Vic. : 1846 - 1848), Friday 3 September 1847, page 2 https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/4762194

Created At

2026-08-20 13:24:23

Updated At

2026-08-20 13:24:23

🌏 Committal of two Aboriginal men for murder

Placename: Geelong
Type: Event

Location, Dates

Latitude

-37.8175113

Longitude

144.957687

Start Date

1840-04-30

End Date

1840-10-31

Description

Two Aboriginal men were confined in gaol for murder after being committed from the Geelong Bench.

Extended Data

Source_ID: 53
Datasource_ID: awar_db
war_id: 2505
people: two confined for murder
event_type: committal; imprisonment
direct_violence: False
pastoral_station: NULL

Sources

TLCMap ID

tf7b34

Linkback

https://australianwars.net/details.php?id=2505

Source

PORT PHILLIP[?] Sydney Gazette and New South Wales Advertiser (NSW : 1803 - 1842), Saturday 31 October 1840, page 2 https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/2547929

Created At

2026-08-20 13:24:23

Updated At

2026-08-20 13:24:23

🌏 Shooting of a ringleader at the store

Placename: Mr. Rattenbury's store
Type: Event

Location, Dates

Latitude

-37.8171398

Longitude

144.9582243

Start Date

1840-04-30

End Date

1840-10-30

Description

When a small party rushed toward the store entrance, a constable fired his musket and killed the ringleader.

Extended Data

Source_ID: 47
Datasource_ID: awar_db
war_id: 2505
people: One of the constables
event_type: killing
direct_violence: True
pastoral_station: NULL

Sources

TLCMap ID

tf7b35

Linkback

https://australianwars.net/details.php?id=2505

Source

DOMESTIC INTELLIGENCE. Sydney Gazette and New South Wales Advertiser (NSW : 1803 - 1842), Saturday 24 October 1840, page 2 https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/2546927; NEWS FROM THE INTERIOR. Sydney Herald (NSW : 1831 - 1842), Monday 2 November 1840, page 2 https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/12866311; PORT PHILIP. Colonist (Sydney, NSW : 1835 - 1840), Tuesday 3 November 1840, page 3 https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/31725836; PORT PHILLIP EXTRACTS. Tasmanian Weekly Dispatch (Hobart Town, Tas. : 1839 - 1841), Friday 30 October 1840, page 6 https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/233619804; Port Phillip. Australasian Chronicle (Sydney, NSW : 1839 - 1843), Thursday 29 October 1840, page 4 https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/31729652; PORT PHILLIP. Hobart Town Advertiser (Tas. : 1839 - 1861), Friday 30 October 1840, page 2 https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/264585546; PORT PHILLIP. Sydney Herald (NSW : 1831 - 1842), Saturday 24 October 1840, page 2 https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/28652699; THE BLACKS. Port Phillip Gazette (Vic. : 1838 - 1845), Wednesday 14 October 1840, page 3 https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/225005950

Created At

2026-08-20 13:24:23

Updated At

2026-08-20 13:24:23

🌏 Detention of Billy Hamilton in the stocks

Placename: Stocks, Western Market Square
Type: Event

Location, Dates

Latitude

-37.8174066

Longitude

144.9593347

Start Date

1847-08-30

End Date

1847-08-30

Description

Billy Hamilton, an Aboriginal native of the Goulburn tribe, was ordered to pay fifteen shillings for drunkenness and was detained for a few hours in the Traveller's Rest stocks before being discharged.

Extended Data

Source_ID: 44
Datasource_ID: awar_db
war_id: 2505
people: Billy Hamilton
event_type: policing; imprisonment
direct_violence: False
pastoral_station: NULL

Sources

TLCMap ID

tf7b36

Linkback

https://australianwars.net/details.php?id=2505

Source

Local Intelligence. Port Phillip Patriot and Morning Advertiser (Vic. : 1845 - 1848), Thursday 2 September 1847, page 2 https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/226514677

Created At

2026-08-20 13:24:23

Updated At

2026-08-20 13:24:23

🌏 Murder of Mr Chisholm's man

Placename: Chisholm's Station, Myrrhee
Type: Event

Location, Dates

Latitude

-36.7170078

Longitude

146.3337384

Start Date

1840-05-01

End Date

1840-05-15

Description

Aboriginal people raided the station, killed one of Mr Chisholm's men, and captured guns and ammunition.

Extended Data

Source_ID: 100
Datasource_ID: awar_db
war_id: 2505
people: one of Mr Chisholm's men | the same party
event_type: killing
direct_violence: True
pastoral_station: NULL

Sources

TLCMap ID

tf7b37

Linkback

https://australianwars.net/details.php?id=2505

Source

Created At

2026-08-20 13:24:23

Updated At

2026-08-20 13:24:23

🌏 Aboriginal men beat Charley at Mr E. Huon's station

Placename: Mr. E. Huon's station
Type: Event

Location, Dates

Latitude

-36.1245987

Longitude

146.8882434

Start Date

1840-09-26

End Date

1840-09-26

Description

Five Aboriginal men returned to Mr E. Huon's station at about one o'clock in the morning and beat Charley at his camp near the house.

Extended Data

Source_ID: 109
Datasource_ID: awar_db
war_id: 2505
people: five black ruffians | a poor old black man named 'Charley'
event_type: assault; wounding
direct_violence: True
pastoral_station: Mr. E. Huon's station

Sources

TLCMap ID

tf7b38

Linkback

https://australianwars.net/details.php?id=2505

Source

Created At

2026-08-20 13:24:23

Updated At

2026-08-20 13:24:23

🌏 Five Aboriginal warriors evade capture at Mr E. Huon's station

Placename: Mr E. Huon's station
Type: Event

Location, Dates

Latitude

-36.1245987

Longitude

146.8882434

Start Date

1840-09-19

End Date

1840-09-19

Description

Five warriors, said to be the same as at the raid on Mackay's station visited Mr Huon's station. Mr Huon attempted to capture them but they escaped by using the rivers and lagoons.

Extended Data

Source_ID: 108
Datasource_ID: awar_db
war_id: 2505
people: Mr Huon | five black ringleaders
event_type: attempted arrest; escape
direct_violence: False
pastoral_station: Mr. E. Huon's station

Sources

TLCMap ID

tf7b39

Linkback

https://australianwars.net/details.php?id=2505

Source

Created At

2026-08-20 13:24:23

Updated At

2026-08-20 13:24:23

🌏 Plunder of Mr. Gardiner's potato field near Melbourne

Placename: Melbourne
Type: Event

Location, Dates

Latitude

-37.8136

Longitude

144.9631

Start Date

1837-10-23

End Date

1838-04-23

Description

Some of these people began to plunder Mr. Gardiner's potato field about 3 miles from Melbourne, but were repulsed after a struggle, and two persons were said to be wounded.

Extended Data

Source_ID: 69
Datasource_ID: awar_db
war_id: 2505
people: some of these people | Mr. Gardiner | two persons
event_type: raid; wounding
direct_violence: True
pastoral_station: NULL

Sources

TLCMap ID

tf7b3a

Linkback

https://australianwars.net/details.php?id=2505

Source

OUTRAGE OF THE ABO[?]IGINES. Melbourne Advertiser (Vic. : 1838), Monday 23 April 1838, page 5 https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/292259057; Port Phillip. Sydney Monitor (NSW : 1828 - 1838), Wednesday 16 May 1838, page 4 https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/32160094

Created At

2026-08-20 13:24:23

Updated At

2026-08-20 13:24:23

🌏 'Annihilation' of Aboriginal group near Port Phillip

Placename: Port Phillip
Type: Event

Location, Dates

Latitude

-37.7629186

Longitude

144.6283264

Start Date

1836-02-24

End Date

1836-08-24

Description

The party attacked the Aboriginal tribe at daylight after watching them from the previous night and said they succeeded in annihilating them.

Extended Data

Source_ID: 64
Datasource_ID: awar_db
war_id: 2505
people: the avenging party | the guilty tribe
event_type: attack; killing
direct_violence: True
pastoral_station: NULL

Sources

TLCMap ID

tf7b3b

Linkback

https://australianwars.net/details.php?id=2505

Source

COLONIAL TIMES Colonial Times (Hobart, Tas. : 1828 - 1857), Tuesday 9 August 1836, page 4 https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/8649273; Launceston Extracts. Commercial Journal and Advertiser (Sydney, NSW : 1835 - 1840), Wednesday 24 August 1836, page 2 https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/226460230; Port Philip. Bent's News and Tasmanian Three-Penny Register (Hobart Town, Tas. : 1836 - 1837), Saturday 6 August 1836, page 3 https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/232485370; PORT PHILIP. Cornwall Chronicle (Launceston, Tas. : 1835 - 1880), Saturday 30 July 1836, page 2 https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/65954558; Port Philip. Sydney Monitor (NSW : 1828 - 1838), Wednesday 31 August 1836, page 3 https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/32152097; PORT PHILLIP. Perth Gazette and Western Australian Journal (WA : 1833 - 1847), Saturday 26 November 1836, page 806 https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/640199; VAN DIEMEN'S LAND. Australian (Sydney, NSW : 1824 - 1848), Friday 26 August 1836, page 2 https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/36857379

Created At

2026-08-20 13:24:23

Updated At

2026-08-20 13:24:23

🌏 Threat and killing of sheep by Aboriginal people near Melbourne, at Jackson's.

Placename: NULL
Type: Event

Location, Dates

Latitude

-37.5764337

Longitude

144.7374291

Start Date

1837-10-23

End Date

1838-04-23

Description

A number of young men of the Jagga Jagga tribe presented a musket at a shepherd, threatened to shoot him, and killed about fifty sheep belonging to Messrs. Jackson.

Extended Data

Source_ID: 68
Datasource_ID: awar_db
war_id: 2505
people: a number of young men of the Jagga Jagga tribe | a shepherd
event_type: threat; stock killing
direct_violence: False
pastoral_station: NULL

Sources

TLCMap ID

tf7b3c

Linkback

https://australianwars.net/details.php?id=2505

Source

Created At

2026-08-20 13:24:23

Updated At

2026-08-20 13:24:23

🌏 Report of Yabbee (Billy Hamilton) being speared

Placename: Seymour
Type: Event

Location, Dates

Latitude

-37.017826

Longitude

145.1280247

Start Date

1848-02-29

End Date

1848-08-29

Description

A report said that Billy Hamilton had been speared by some of his Aboriginal brethren, though the correspondent doubted the report. (Location unknown)

Extended Data

Source_ID: 59
Datasource_ID: awar_db
war_id: 2505
people: Billy Hamilton | some of his brethren
event_type: suspected wounding
direct_violence: True
pastoral_station: NULL

Sources

TLCMap ID

tf7b3d

Linkback

https://australianwars.net/details.php?id=2505

Source

COUNTRY NEWS. Melbourne Argus (Vic. : 1846 - 1848), Tuesday 29 August 1848, page 2 https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/4764578

Created At

2026-08-20 13:24:23

Updated At

2026-08-20 13:24:23

🌏 Killing of an Aboriginal man at Mount Korong

Placename: Mount Korong
Type: Event

Location, Dates

Latitude

-36.4673883

Longitude

143.7503984

Start Date

1857-12-24

End Date

1857-12-24

Description

An Aboriginal person was alleged to have struck another Aboriginal person on the head with a waddy at Mount Korong.

Extended Data

Source_ID: 61
Datasource_ID: awar_db
war_id: 2505
people: Jockey | another native
event_type: killing; suspected killing
direct_violence: True
pastoral_station: NULL

Sources

TLCMap ID

tf7b3e

Linkback

https://australianwars.net/details.php?id=2505

Source

CHARGE OF MURDER AGAINST AN ABORIGINAL. Goulburn Herald and County of Argyle Advertiser (NSW : 1848 - 1859), Wednesday 17 March 1858, page 4 https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/118247612

Created At

2026-08-20 13:24:23

Updated At

2026-08-20 13:24:23

🌏 Spearing of three white men

Placename: Melbourne / Naarm
Type: Event

Location, Dates

Latitude

-37.8138721

Longitude

144.964431

Start Date

1835-12-09

End Date

1836-06-09

Description

Three white men were said to have already fallen by the spears of Aboriginal people.

Extended Data

Source_ID: 62
Datasource_ID: awar_db
war_id: 2505
people: three white men
event_type: killing
direct_violence: True
pastoral_station: NULL

Sources

TLCMap ID

tf7b3f

Linkback

https://australianwars.net/details.php?id=2505

Source

Fort Philip. Bent's News and Tasmanian Three-Penny Register (Hobart Town, Tas. : 1836 - 1837), Saturday 28 May 1836, page 4 https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/232485240; PORT PHILLIP. Sydney Gazette and New South Wales Advertiser (NSW : 1803 - 1842), Thursday 9 June 1836, page 4 https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/2204753

Created At

2026-08-20 13:24:23

Updated At

2026-08-20 13:24:23

🌏 Reported killing of Jagga Jagga in an affray

Placename: Jagga Jagga's country. Wurundjeri-Willam, Woiwurrung, Kulin Nation
Type: Event

Location, Dates

Latitude

-37.8013509

Longitude

145.2024487

Start Date

1840-10-17

End Date

1841-04-17

Description

It was reported that Jagga Jagga had been killed not long since in some affray. As there is no clear location, the location given is within his country as identified by Howitt (pp 303-319, Howitt, 1904).

Extended Data

Source_ID: 67
Datasource_ID: awar_db
war_id: 2505
people: the real fellow
event_type: killing
direct_violence: True
pastoral_station: NULL

Sources

TLCMap ID

tf7b40

Linkback

https://australianwars.net/details.php?id=2505

Source

PORT PHILLIP. South Australian Record and Australasian and South African Chronicle (London, England : 1840 - 1841), Saturday 17 April 1841, page 4 https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/245933622; Port Phillip. Sydney Monitor and Commercial Advertiser (NSW : 1838 - 1841), Saturday 7 November 1840, page 3 https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/32186480

Created At

2026-08-20 13:24:23

Updated At

2026-08-20 13:24:23

🌏 Commitment of Jackey Jackey by the Geelong bench

Placename: Geelong
Type: Event

Location, Dates

Latitude

-38.1499

Longitude

144.3617

Start Date

1844-04-18

End Date

1844-04-18

Description

Jackey Jackey was committed by the Geelong bench for the murder of an Aboriginal boy of the Port Fairy tribe.

Extended Data

Source_ID: 74
Datasource_ID: awar_db
war_id: 2505
people: Jackey Jackey
event_type: arrest; committal
direct_violence: False
pastoral_station: NULL

Sources

TLCMap ID

tf7b41

Linkback

https://australianwars.net/details.php?id=2505

Source

PORT PHILLIP. Maitland Mercury and Hunter River General Advertiser (NSW : 1843 - 1893), Saturday 20 April 1844, page 4 https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/666319

Created At

2026-08-20 13:24:23

Updated At

2026-08-20 13:24:23

🌏 Bingham, Huon, police, volunteers and two trackers began the pursuit.

Placename: Huon's station
Type: Event

Location, Dates

Latitude

-36.1245987

Longitude

146.8882434

Start Date

1840-09-26

End Date

1840-09-26

Description

Mr Bingham, two policemen, Mr Huon, the correspondent, and volunteers pursued the Aboriginal raiders for four days from the Hume River crossing place towards the Ovens River and lost their track.

Extended Data

Source_ID: 111
Datasource_ID: awar_db
war_id: 2505
people: Mr Bingham | two policemen | Mr Huon | a few other volunteers | our two blacks | the five black ringleaders
event_type: pursuit
direct_violence: False
pastoral_station: NULL

Sources

TLCMap ID

tf7b42

Linkback

https://australianwars.net/details.php?id=2505

Source

Created At

2026-08-20 13:24:23

Updated At

2026-08-20 13:24:23

🌏 Huon went to the Hume crossing to obtain two Aboriginal trackers.

Placename: Hume River crossing place
Type: Event

Location, Dates

Latitude

-36.0999366

Longitude

146.9102791

Start Date

1840-09-26

End Date

1840-09-26

Description

Huon went to the Hume crossing to obtain two Aboriginal trackers.

Extended Data

Source_ID: 110
Datasource_ID: awar_db
war_id: 2505
people: Mr Bingham | two policemen | Mr Huon | a few other volunteers | our two blacks | the five black ringleaders
event_type: pursuit
direct_violence: False
pastoral_station: NULL

Sources

TLCMap ID

tf7b43

Linkback

https://australianwars.net/details.php?id=2505

Source

Created At

2026-08-20 13:24:23

Updated At

2026-08-20 13:24:23

🌏 Raid and killing of Richard Thompson at Heifer Station

Placename: Heifer Station, Fifteen Mile Creek
Type: Event

Location, Dates

Latitude

-36.429207

Longitude

146.26507

Start Date

1840-04-27

End Date

1840-04-27

Description

Aboriginal people were at the Heifer Station on Fifteen Mile Creek, stripped the hut, and killed Richard Thompson by spearing and tomahawking him. These were the same people who had been at the Faithful massacre. This event may have involved Merriman, as he was said to have been at the Faithfull massacre however this is a speculation. (location near Fifteen Mile Creek near Chisholm's station, according to Ham's Squatting Map)

Extended Data

Source_ID: 77
Datasource_ID: awar_db
war_id: 2505
people: Aboriginal people
event_type: killing; raid; property theft
direct_violence: True
pastoral_station: NULL

Sources

TLCMap ID

tf7b44

Linkback

https://australianwars.net/details.php?id=2505

Source

Sydney News. Port Phillip Gazette (Vic. : 1838 - 1845), Wednesday 3 June 1840, page 4 https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/225007812

Created At

2026-08-20 13:24:23

Updated At

2026-08-20 13:24:23

🌏 Pursued raiders crossed the Ovens and made for the head of the Goulburn

Placename: Head of the Goulburn
Type: Event

Location, Dates

Latitude

-36.9417745

Longitude

146.2431892

Start Date

1840-09-26

End Date

1840-09-26

Description

Mr Bingham, two policemen, Mr Huon, the correspondent, and volunteers pursued the Aboriginal raiders for four days from the Hume River crossing place towards the Ovens River and lost their track.

Extended Data

Source_ID: 114
Datasource_ID: awar_db
war_id: 2505
people: Mr Bingham | two policemen | Mr Huon | a few other volunteers | our two blacks | the five black ringleaders
event_type: pursuit
direct_violence: False
pastoral_station: NULL

Sources

TLCMap ID

tf7b45

Linkback

https://australianwars.net/details.php?id=2505

Source

Created At

2026-08-20 13:24:23

Updated At

2026-08-20 13:24:23

🌏 Destruction of weapons and dogs

Placename: Merri - Yarra Corroboree ground
Type: Event

Location, Dates

Latitude

-37.7893753

Longitude

145.0027452

Start Date

1840-10-12

End Date

1840-10-12

Description

The spears and waddies found with the Aboriginal people were destroyed, muskets were taken, and most of their dogs were put to death.

Extended Data

Source_ID: 50
Datasource_ID: awar_db
war_id: 2505
people: NULL
event_type: property destruction; killing
direct_violence: False
pastoral_station: NULL

Sources

TLCMap ID

tf7b46

Linkback

https://australianwars.net/details.php?id=2505

Source

DOMESTIC INTELLIGENCE. Sydney Gazette and New South Wales Advertiser (NSW : 1803 - 1842), Saturday 24 October 1840, page 2 https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/2546927; LOCAL INTELLIGENCE. Port Phillip Patriot and Melbourne Advertiser (Vic. : 1839 - 1845), Monday 12 October 1840, page 2 https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/228130297; PORT PHILLIP EXTRACTS. Commercial Journal and Advertiser (Sydney, NSW : 1835 - 1840), Wednesday 28 October 1840, page 4 https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/226456914; PORT PHILLIP EXTRACTS. Tasmanian Weekly Dispatch (Hobart Town, Tas. : 1839 - 1841), Friday 30 October 1840, page 6 https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/233619804; Port Phillip. Australasian Chronicle (Sydney, NSW : 1839 - 1843), Thursday 29 October 1840, page 4 https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/31729652; PORT PHILLIP. Hobart Town Advertiser (Tas. : 1839 - 1861), Friday 30 October 1840, page 2 https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/264585546; PORT PHILLIP. Sydney Herald (NSW : 1831 - 1842), Saturday 24 October 1840, page 2 https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/28652699; Port Phillip. Sydney Monitor and Commercial Advertiser (NSW : 1838 - 1841), Saturday 24 October 1840, page 2 https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/32186095; THE BLACKS. Port Phillip Gazette (Vic. : 1838 - 1845), Wednesday 14 October 1840, page 3 https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/225005950

Created At

2026-08-20 13:24:23

Updated At

2026-08-20 13:24:23

🌏 Merriman leader of his people

Placename: NULL
Type: Event

Location, Dates

Latitude

-36.36633

Longitude

147.052096

Start Date

1858-08-23

End Date

1859-02-23

Description

Merryman leader of his tribe (probably Bangerang/Waveroo & Jaitmatang): "The boundaries of the territory, or run perhaps would be more correct, owned by this tribe, extends from the Ovens River to the lands be- yond the Omeo, including the Mitta Mitta country, and all this side of the Murray for a great distance form the river." (p 2 Ovens and Murray Advertiser, 23 Feb 1859).

Extended Data

Source_ID: 76
Datasource_ID: awar_db
war_id: 2505
people: Merryman | Mr Faithful's men
event_type: killing
direct_violence: True
pastoral_station: NULL

Sources

TLCMap ID

tf7b47

Linkback

https://australianwars.net/details.php?id=2505

Source

WANGARATTA RACES. Ovens and Murray Advertiser (Beechworth, Vic. : 1855; 1857 - 1890; 1892 - 1955), Wednesday 23 February 1859, page 2 https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/117925966

Created At

2026-08-20 13:24:23

Updated At

2026-08-20 13:24:23

🌏 Bingham and Huon reprisal group lost the tracks at the Ovens and turned back.

Placename: Ovens River
Type: Event

Location, Dates

Latitude

-36.6917418

Longitude

146.8983951

Start Date

1840-09-26

End Date

1840-09-26

Description

Mr Bingham, two policemen, Mr Huon, the correspondent, and volunteers pursued the Aboriginal raiders for four days from the Hume River crossing place towards the Ovens River and lost their track.

Extended Data

Source_ID: 113
Datasource_ID: awar_db
war_id: 2505
people: Mr Bingham | two policemen | Mr Huon | a few other volunteers | our two blacks | the five black ringleaders
event_type: pursuit
direct_violence: False
pastoral_station: NULL

Sources

TLCMap ID

tf7b48

Linkback

https://australianwars.net/details.php?id=2505

Source

Created At

2026-08-20 13:24:23

Updated At

2026-08-20 13:24:23

🌏 Gunia Kurnai raid on Mr. Jamieson's station at Western Port

Placename: Western Port
Type: Event

Location, Dates

Latitude

-38.1979505

Longitude

145.4421717

Start Date

1840-04-24

End Date

1840-10-24

Description

A party of Aboriginal people from Gipps' Land made a descent upon Western Port and ransacked Mr. Jamieson's hut, taking a silver watch and other articles.

Extended Data

Source_ID: 88
Datasource_ID: awar_db
war_id: 2505
people: a party of blacks from the newly discovered territory called Gipps' Land | Mr. Jamieson's hut
event_type: raid; theft
direct_violence: False
pastoral_station: Mr. Jamieson's

Sources

TLCMap ID

tf7b49

Linkback

https://australianwars.net/details.php?id=2505

Source

PORT PHILLIP. (1840, October 27). The Sydney Herald (NSW : 1831 - 1842), p. 3. Retrieved August 10, 2026, from http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article12866210; PORT PHILLIP. Sydney Herald (NSW : 1831 - 1842), Saturday 24 October 1840, page 2 https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/28652699

Created At

2026-08-20 13:24:23

Updated At

2026-08-20 13:24:23

🌏 Barrabool Aboriginal people kill a Taungurung man (Winberry's brother?)

Placename: Yarra Yarra
Type: Event

Location, Dates

Latitude

-37.8233042

Longitude

144.9700289

Start Date

1840-04-29

End Date

1840-10-29

Description

Some months earlier, Aboriginal people of the Barrabool group killed one of the Goulburn tribe on the other side of the Yarra Yarra. (More details to be researched in W.Thomas's journals, where it appears Winberry's brother is the one who was killed). The location is not accurate as 'the other side of the Yarra Yarra' may indicate where the man was killed, or might be a confused way to indicate 'Barrabool' people (Wadawurrung) to the west.

Extended Data

Source_ID: 93
Datasource_ID: awar_db
war_id: 2505
people: some of the Barrabool blacks | one of their tribe
event_type: killing
direct_violence: True
pastoral_station: NULL

Sources

TLCMap ID

tf7b4a

Linkback

https://australianwars.net/details.php?id=2505

Source

THEATRICALS. Australian (Sydney, NSW : 1824 - 1848), Thursday 29 October 1840, page 2 https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/36849333

Created At

2026-08-20 13:24:23

Updated At

2026-08-20 13:24:23

🌏 Taungurung people in Wadawurrung country force sea pilots to leave at spear point

Placename: the pilot's station, down at the heads
Type: Event

Location, Dates

Latitude

-38.2698678

Longitude

144.6629289

Start Date

1840-10-17

End Date

1840-10-17

Description

Two Aboriginal people from the Goulbourn tribe threatened the pilots at the station and said they would bring more men and spear them to death.

Extended Data

Source_ID: 89
Datasource_ID: awar_db
war_id: 2505
people: two blacks of the Goulbourn tribe | the pilots
event_type: threat
direct_violence: False
pastoral_station: NULL

Sources

TLCMap ID

tf7b4b

Linkback

https://australianwars.net/details.php?id=2505

Source

PORT PHILIP. Colonist (Sydney, NSW : 1835 - 1840), Tuesday 3 November 1840, page 3 https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/31725836

Created At

2026-08-20 13:24:23

Updated At

2026-08-20 13:24:23

🌏 Murder of shepherd near Melbourne

Placename: Melbourne
Type: Event

Location, Dates

Latitude

-37.814

Longitude

144.963

Start Date

1840-10-24

End Date

1840-10-24

Description

An Aboriginal prisoner was identified as the person who murdered a shepherd a few miles from Melbourne while the shepherd was going to his station.

Extended Data

Source_ID: 91
Datasource_ID: awar_db
war_id: 2505
people: One of the prisoners in the gaol | a shepherd
event_type: murder
direct_violence: True
pastoral_station: NULL

Sources

TLCMap ID

tf7b4c

Linkback

https://australianwars.net/details.php?id=2505

Source

HIGHLAND COLONY. Australasian Chronicle (Sydney, NSW : 1839 - 1843), Tuesday 24 November 1840, page 2 https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/31729927; Port Phillip. Australasian Chronicle (Sydney, NSW : 1839 - 1843), Thursday 29 October 1840, page 4 https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/31729652

Created At

2026-08-20 13:24:23

Updated At

2026-08-20 13:24:23

🌏 Imprisonment of Aboriginal people in jail

Placename: Early Gaol, Melbourne
Type: Event

Location, Dates

Latitude

-37.8175113

Longitude

144.957687

Start Date

1840-10-11

End Date

1840-10-11

Description

Those placed in irons were deposited in the jail and detained there, including Jagga Jagga or Jacky Jacky and Billy Hamilton.

Extended Data

Source_ID: 48
Datasource_ID: awar_db
war_id: 2505
people: Jagga Jagga | Billy Hamilton
event_type: imprisonment
direct_violence: False
pastoral_station: NULL

Sources

TLCMap ID

tf7b4d

Linkback

https://australianwars.net/details.php?id=2505

Source

Created At

2026-08-20 13:24:23

Updated At

2026-08-20 13:24:23

🌏 Thirty-three Aboriginal people jailed in irons

Placename: jail
Type: Event

Location, Dates

Latitude

-37.8175113

Longitude

144.957687

Start Date

1840-10-11

End Date

1840-10-11

Description

Thirty-three Aboriginal people were selected, placed in irons, and deposited in the jail.

Extended Data

Source_ID: 63
Datasource_ID: awar_db
war_id: 2505
people: Thirty three | Jagga Jagga or Jacky Jacky and Billy Hamilton
event_type: detention; imprisonment
direct_violence: False
pastoral_station: NULL

Sources

TLCMap ID

tf7b4e

Linkback

https://australianwars.net/details.php?id=2505

Source

HIGHLAND COLONY. Australasian Chronicle (Sydney, NSW : 1839 - 1843), Tuesday 24 November 1840, page 2 https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/31729927; PORT PHILLIP EXTRACTS. Commercial Journal and Advertiser (Sydney, NSW : 1835 - 1840), Wednesday 28 October 1840, page 4 https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/226456914; PORT PHILLIP EXTRACTS. Tasmanian Weekly Dispatch (Hobart Town, Tas. : 1839 - 1841), Friday 30 October 1840, page 6 https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/233619804; Port Phillip. Australasian Chronicle (Sydney, NSW : 1839 - 1843), Thursday 29 October 1840, page 4 https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/31729652; PORT PHILLIP. Hobart Town Advertiser (Tas. : 1839 - 1861), Friday 30 October 1840, page 2 https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/264585546; THE BLACKS. Port Phillip Gazette (Vic. : 1838 - 1845), Wednesday 14 October 1840, page 3 https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/225005950

Created At

2026-08-20 13:24:23

Updated At

2026-08-20 13:24:23

🌏 Ironing and gaoling of suspected Aboriginal people

Placename: Melbourne
Type: Event

Location, Dates

Latitude

-37.8175113

Longitude

144.957687

Start Date

1840-10-11

End Date

1840-10-11

Description

Thirty-three Aboriginal people believed to have been concerned in the late murders and outrages were ironed together and lodged in gaol for identification.

Extended Data

Source_ID: 45
Datasource_ID: awar_db
war_id: 2505
people: thirty-three
event_type: imprisonment; restraint
direct_violence: False
pastoral_station: NULL

Sources

TLCMap ID

tf7b4f

Linkback

https://australianwars.net/details.php?id=2505

Source

DOMESTIC INTELLIGENCE. Sydney Gazette and New South Wales Advertiser (NSW : 1803 - 1842), Saturday 24 October 1840, page 2 https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/2546927; HIGHLAND COLONY. Australasian Chronicle (Sydney, NSW : 1839 - 1843), Tuesday 24 November 1840, page 2 https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/31729927; LATE AFFAIR WITH THE ABORIGINES. Port Phillip Gazette (Vic. : 1838 - 1845), Saturday 17 October 1840, page 2 https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/225005618; LOCAL INTELLIGENCE. Port Phillip Patriot and Melbourne Advertiser (Vic. : 1839 - 1845), Monday 12 October 1840, page 2 https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/228130297; NEWS FROM THE INTERIOR. Sydney Herald (NSW : 1831 - 1842), Monday 2 November 1840, page 2 https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/12866311; PORT PHILLIP. (1840, October 27). The Sydney Herald (NSW : 1831 - 1842), p. 3. Retrieved August 10, 2026, from http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article12866210; Port Phillip. Sydney Monitor and Commercial Advertiser (NSW : 1838 - 1841), Saturday 24 October 1840, page 2 https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/32186095; THEATRICALS. Australian (Sydney, NSW : 1824 - 1848), Thursday 29 October 1840, page 2 https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/36849333

Created At

2026-08-20 13:24:23

Updated At

2026-08-20 13:24:23

🌏 Attempted capture at the corroborree ground

Placename: Merri - Yarra Corroboree ground
Type: Event

Location, Dates

Latitude

-37.7893753

Longitude

145.0027452

Start Date

1840-10-11

End Date

1840-10-11

Description

Military, Border Police, and constables proceeded at night to the Aboriginal people's festivities and attempted their capture after reports of a corrobborra before a battle.

Extended Data

Source_ID: 33
Datasource_ID: awar_db
war_id: 2505
people: The Military | Captain Smith | Lieutenant Vignolles | the Border Police | Major Letsom | Mr. Russell | a number of Constables
event_type: attempted capture; police expedition
direct_violence: False
pastoral_station: NULL

Sources

TLCMap ID

tf7b50

Linkback

https://australianwars.net/details.php?id=2505

Source

DOMESTIC INTELLIGENCE. Sydney Gazette and New South Wales Advertiser (NSW : 1803 - 1842), Saturday 24 October 1840, page 2 https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/2546927; LOCAL INTELLIGENCE. Port Phillip Patriot and Melbourne Advertiser (Vic. : 1839 - 1845), Monday 12 October 1840, page 2 https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/228130297; PORT PHILLIP EXTRACTS. Commercial Journal and Advertiser (Sydney, NSW : 1835 - 1840), Wednesday 28 October 1840, page 4 https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/226456914; PORT PHILLIP EXTRACTS. Tasmanian Weekly Dispatch (Hobart Town, Tas. : 1839 - 1841), Friday 30 October 1840, page 6 https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/233619804; PORT PHILLIP. (1840, October 27). The Sydney Herald (NSW : 1831 - 1842), p. 3. Retrieved August 10, 2026, from http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article12866210; Port Phillip. Australasian Chronicle (Sydney, NSW : 1839 - 1843), Thursday 29 October 1840, page 4 https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/31729652; PORT PHILLIP. Hobart Town Advertiser (Tas. : 1839 - 1861), Friday 30 October 1840, page 2 https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/264585546; PORT PHILLIP. Sydney Herald (NSW : 1831 - 1842), Saturday 24 October 1840, page 2 https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/28652699; Port Phillip. Sydney Monitor and Commercial Advertiser (NSW : 1838 - 1841), Saturday 24 October 1840, page 2 https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/32186095; THE BLACKS. Port Phillip Gazette (Vic. : 1838 - 1845), Wednesday 14 October 1840, page 3 https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/225005950; THEATRICALS. Australian (Sydney, NSW : 1824 - 1848), Thursday 29 October 1840, page 2 https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/36849333

Created At

2026-08-20 13:24:23

Updated At

2026-08-20 13:24:23

🌏 Winberry killed during capture attempt

Placename: Merri - Yarra Corroboree ground
Type: Event

Location, Dates

Latitude

-37.7893753

Longitude

145.0027452

Start Date

1840-10-11

End Date

1840-10-11

Description

Winberry made a blow at Mr. Vignolles during the attempted capture and was shot dead by a sergeant.

Extended Data

Source_ID: 34
Datasource_ID: awar_db
war_id: 2505
people: Winberry | Mr. Vignolles | the sergeant
event_type: killing
direct_violence: True
pastoral_station: NULL

Sources

TLCMap ID

tf7b51

Linkback

https://australianwars.net/details.php?id=2505

Source

Domestic Intelligence. Argus (Melbourne, Vic. : 1848 - 1957), Friday 29 December 1848, page 4 https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/4769872; DOMESTIC INTELLIGENCE. Sydney Gazette and New South Wales Advertiser (NSW : 1803 - 1842), Saturday 24 October 1840, page 2 https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/2546927; HIGHLAND COLONY. Australasian Chronicle (Sydney, NSW : 1839 - 1843), Tuesday 24 November 1840, page 2 https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/31729927; LOCAL INTELLIGENCE. Port Phillip Patriot and Melbourne Advertiser (Vic. : 1839 - 1845), Monday 12 October 1840, page 2 https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/228130297; PORT PHILLIP EXTRACTS. Commercial Journal and Advertiser (Sydney, NSW : 1835 - 1840), Wednesday 28 October 1840, page 4 https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/226456914; PORT PHILLIP EXTRACTS. Tasmanian Weekly Dispatch (Hobart Town, Tas. : 1839 - 1841), Friday 30 October 1840, page 6 https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/233619804; Port Phillip. Australasian Chronicle (Sydney, NSW : 1839 - 1843), Thursday 29 October 1840, page 4 https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/31729652; PORT PHILLIP. Hobart Town Advertiser (Tas. : 1839 - 1861), Friday 30 October 1840, page 2 https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/264585546; PORT PHILLIP. Sydney Herald (NSW : 1831 - 1842), Saturday 24 October 1840, page 2 https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/28652699; Port Phillip. Sydney Monitor and Commercial Advertiser (NSW : 1838 - 1841), Saturday 24 October 1840, page 2 https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/32186095; THE BLACKS. Port Phillip Gazette (Vic. : 1838 - 1845), Wednesday 14 October 1840, page 3 https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/225005950; THEATRICALS. Australian (Sydney, NSW : 1824 - 1848), Thursday 29 October 1840, page 2 https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/36849333

Created At

2026-08-20 13:24:23

Updated At

2026-08-20 13:24:23

🌏 Robbery by Aboriginal people near Darabin Creek

Placename: Darabin Creek
Type: Event

Location, Dates

Latitude

-37.7734269

Longitude

145.040198

Start Date

1845-08-14

End Date

1846-02-14

Description

About two hundred Aboriginal people assembled near Darabin Creek and robbed settlers of portable articles.

Extended Data

Source_ID: 42
Datasource_ID: awar_db
war_id: 2505
people: about two hundred of the "Sons of the sod," | the settlers
event_type: robbery
direct_violence: False
pastoral_station: NULL

Sources

TLCMap ID

tf7b52

Linkback

https://australianwars.net/details.php?id=2505

Source

DOMESTIC INTELLIGENCE. Port Phillip Gazette and Settler's Journal (Vic. : 1845 - 1850), Saturday 14 February 1846, page 2 https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/225065104

Created At

2026-08-20 13:24:23

Updated At

2026-08-20 13:24:23

🌏 Threat to shoot Winberree, Jacka Jacka, or Billy Hamilton

Placename: Goulburn
Type: Event

Location, Dates

Latitude

-37.017826

Longitude

145.1280247

Start Date

1840-04-17

End Date

1840-10-17

Description

Stockholders said they would shoot Winberry, Jacka Jacka or Billy Hamilton if they met them.

Extended Data

Source_ID: 29
Datasource_ID: awar_db
war_id: 2505
people: Many of the most respectable, as well as wealthy and influential stockholders | Winberree, Jacka Jacka or Billy Hamilton
event_type: threat
direct_violence: False
pastoral_station: NULL

Sources

TLCMap ID

tf7b53

Linkback

https://australianwars.net/details.php?id=2505

Source

LATE AFFAIR WITH THE ABORIGINES. Port Phillip Gazette (Vic. : 1838 - 1845), Saturday 17 October 1840, page 2 https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/225005618

Created At

2026-08-20 13:24:23

Updated At

2026-08-20 13:24:23

🌏 Burning of grass and fences near Darabin Creek

Placename: near Darabin Creek
Type: Event

Location, Dates

Latitude

-37.7734269

Longitude

145.040198

Start Date

1845-08-14

End Date

1846-02-14

Description

Aboriginal people set fire to the grass and nearly burnt down the fences of Messrs. Hepwood, Hipper, and Barry.

Extended Data

Source_ID: 43
Datasource_ID: awar_db
war_id: 2505
people: the "poor fellows" | Messrs. Hepwood, Hipper, and Barry
event_type: burning; property destruction
direct_violence: False
pastoral_station: NULL

Sources

TLCMap ID

tf7b54

Linkback

https://australianwars.net/details.php?id=2505

Source

DOMESTIC INTELLIGENCE. Port Phillip Gazette and Settler's Journal (Vic. : 1845 - 1850), Saturday 14 February 1846, page 2 https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/225065104

Created At

2026-08-20 13:24:23

Updated At

2026-08-20 13:24:23

🌏 Murder of Franks and his shepherd at Port Philip

Placename: Port Philip
Type: Event

Location, Dates

Latitude

-37.7629186

Longitude

144.6283264

Start Date

1836-02-06

End Date

1836-08-06

Description

Mr. Franks and his shepherd were killed by a party of Aboriginal people near their tent at Port Philip.

Extended Data

Source_ID: 65
Datasource_ID: awar_db
war_id: 2505
people: Mr. Franks | his shepherd | a party of the natives, consisting of two men, two women, and one boy
event_type: killing
direct_violence: True
pastoral_station: NULL

Sources

TLCMap ID

tf7b55

Linkback

https://australianwars.net/details.php?id=2505

Source

COLONIAL TIMES Colonial Times (Hobart, Tas. : 1828 - 1857), Tuesday 9 August 1836, page 4 https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/8649273; Port Philip. Bent's News and Tasmanian Three-Penny Register (Hobart Town, Tas. : 1836 - 1837), Saturday 6 August 1836, page 3 https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/232485370; PORT PHILIP. Cornwall Chronicle (Launceston, Tas. : 1835 - 1880), Saturday 30 July 1836, page 2 https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/65954558; Port Philip. Sydney Monitor (NSW : 1828 - 1838), Wednesday 31 August 1836, page 3 https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/32152097; PORT PHILLIP. Perth Gazette and Western Australian Journal (WA : 1833 - 1847), Saturday 26 November 1836, page 806 https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/640199; VAN DIEMEN'S LAND. Australian (Sydney, NSW : 1824 - 1848), Friday 26 August 1836, page 2 https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/36857379

Created At

2026-08-20 13:24:23

Updated At

2026-08-20 13:24:23

🌏 Colonists and 'Sydney natives' set out in seach of Mr Frank's killers

Placename: Port Phillip
Type: Event

Location, Dates

Latitude

-37.8138721

Longitude

144.964431

Start Date

1836-02-24

End Date

1836-08-24

Description

A party of settlers, assisted by Aboriginal auxiliaries, started in quest of the murderers of Mr. Franks and his shepherd.

Extended Data

Source_ID: 66
Datasource_ID: awar_db
war_id: 2505
people: a party of the settlers | the Sydney natives | a few domesticated natives of the Settlement
event_type: pursuit
direct_violence: False
pastoral_station: NULL

Sources

TLCMap ID

tf7b56

Linkback

https://australianwars.net/details.php?id=2505

Source

Created At

2026-08-20 13:24:23

Updated At

2026-08-20 13:24:23

🌏 Military detachment sent to Ovens River

Placename: Ovens River
Type: Event

Location, Dates

Latitude

-36.3796328

Longitude

146.3676299

Start Date

1840-04-24

End Date

1840-10-24

Description

A detachment of the 80th Regiment was sent to the Ovens River to stop Aboriginal depredations and conflicts.

Extended Data

Source_ID: 52
Datasource_ID: awar_db
war_id: 2505
people: A detachment of the 80th Regiment
event_type: police expedition
direct_violence: False
pastoral_station: NULL

Sources

TLCMap ID

tf7b57

Linkback

https://australianwars.net/details.php?id=2505

Source

DOMESTIC INTELLIGENCE. Sydney Gazette and New South Wales Advertiser (NSW : 1803 - 1842), Saturday 24 October 1840, page 2 https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/2546927

Created At

2026-08-20 13:24:23

Updated At

2026-08-20 13:24:23

🌏 Execution of Maulboyheenner (Bob) and Tunnerminnerwait (Jack)

Placename: NULL
Type: Event

Location, Dates

Latitude

-37.8070073

Longitude

144.9645803

Start Date

1842-10-26

End Date

1843-04-26

Description

Maulboyheenner (Bob) and Tunnerminnerwait (Jack) were executed on the scaffold for murder.

Extended Data

Source_ID: 54
Datasource_ID: awar_db
war_id: 2505
people: Bob and Jack
event_type: execution; killing
direct_violence: True
pastoral_station: NULL

Sources

TLCMap ID

tf7b58

Linkback

https://australianwars.net/details.php?id=2505

Source

THE ABORIGINES. Portland Mercury and Normanby Advertiser (Vic. : 1842 - 1843), Wednesday 26 April 1843, page 2 https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/281510030

Created At

2026-08-20 13:24:23

Updated At

2026-08-20 13:24:23

🌏 Release of twenty Aboriginal prisoners from gaol

Placename: Early Gaol, Melbourne
Type: Event

Location, Dates

Latitude

-37.8175113

Longitude

144.957687

Start Date

1840-11-23

End Date

1840-11-23

Description

Twenty Aboriginal people who had been confined in gaol were set at liberty on Monday last.

Extended Data

Source_ID: 55
Datasource_ID: awar_db
war_id: 2505
people: Twenty of the aborigines
event_type: imprisonment; release
direct_violence: False
pastoral_station: NULL

Sources

TLCMap ID

tf7b59

Linkback

https://australianwars.net/details.php?id=2505

Source

Port Phillip. Australasian Chronicle (Sydney, NSW : 1839 - 1843), Thursday 26 November 1840, page 3 https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/31729969; PORT PHILLIP. Sydney Herald (NSW : 1831 - 1842), Thursday 26 November 1840, page 2 https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/12866707

Created At

2026-08-20 13:24:23

Updated At

2026-08-20 13:24:23

🌏 Ten Aboriginal prisoners retained in gaol, while others released

Placename: Early Gaol, Melbourne
Type: Event

Location, Dates

Latitude

-37.8175113

Longitude

144.957687

Start Date

1840-11-23

End Date

1840-11-26

Description

Ten Aboriginal people who had been identified were still kept in gaol.

Extended Data

Source_ID: 56
Datasource_ID: awar_db
war_id: 2505
people: Ten of them
event_type: imprisonment
direct_violence: False
pastoral_station: NULL

Sources

TLCMap ID

tf7b5a

Linkback

https://australianwars.net/details.php?id=2505

Source

Port Phillip. Australasian Chronicle (Sydney, NSW : 1839 - 1843), Thursday 26 November 1840, page 3 https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/31729969; PORT PHILLIP. Australian (Sydney, NSW : 1824 - 1848), Thursday 26 November 1840, page 2 https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/36852410; PORT PHILLIP. Sydney Herald (NSW : 1831 - 1842), Thursday 26 November 1840, page 2 https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/12866707; Port Phillip. Sydney Monitor and Commercial Advertiser (NSW : 1838 - 1841), Thursday 26 November 1840, page 2 https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/32186933

Created At

2026-08-20 13:24:23

Updated At

2026-08-20 13:24:23

🌏 Buckley threatens to join the Aboriginal people

Placename: Port Philip
Type: Event

Location, Dates

Latitude

-37.8138721

Longitude

144.964431

Start Date

1836-02-29

End Date

1836-08-31

Description

Having warned settlers Buckley mocked the funeral procession of Mr Franks and having threatened to rejoin the Aboriginal people, was suspected of having something to do with the murder. Colonists had taught Aboriginal people the use of guns, and supplied them with tomahawks.

Extended Data

Source_ID: 70
Datasource_ID: awar_db
war_id: 2505
people: Buckley
event_type: threat
direct_violence: False
pastoral_station: NULL

Sources

TLCMap ID

tf7b5b

Linkback

https://australianwars.net/details.php?id=2505

Source

Port Philip. Sydney Monitor (NSW : 1828 - 1838), Wednesday 31 August 1836, page 3 https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/32152097; PORT PHILLIP. Perth Gazette and Western Australian Journal (WA : 1833 - 1847), Saturday 26 November 1836, page 806 https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/640199

Created At

2026-08-20 13:24:23

Updated At

2026-08-20 13:24:23

🌏 Reports of Fawkner having a second treaty to Batman with threat to drive the Jugga tribe beyond the Murrumbidgee

Placename: Fawkner's Hut
Type: Event

Location, Dates

Latitude

-37.8192513

Longitude

144.9604608

Start Date

1835-03-26

End Date

1835-09-26

Description

MUGGA MUGGA and his tribe promised to drive the subordinate tribe of the Jugga's beyond the Morumbidgee if they were troublesome.

Extended Data

Source_ID: 71
Datasource_ID: awar_db
war_id: 2505
people: MUGGA MUGGA | his tribe
event_type: threat
direct_violence: False
pastoral_station: NULL

Sources

TLCMap ID

tf7b5c

Linkback

https://australianwars.net/details.php?id=2505

Source

To the Editor. Cornwall Chronicle (Launceston, Tas. : 1835 - 1880), Saturday 26 September 1835, page 1 https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/65952684

Created At

2026-08-20 13:24:23

Updated At

2026-08-20 13:24:23

🌏 Murder of an Aboriginal boy of the Port Fairy tribe

Placename: Geelong Police Court
Type: Event

Location, Dates

Latitude

-38.1540268

Longitude

144.3607644

Start Date

1843-10-20

End Date

1844-04-20

Description

An Aboriginal person named Jackey Jackey was reported to have murdered an Aboriginal boy of the Port Fairy tribe.

Extended Data

Source_ID: 73
Datasource_ID: awar_db
war_id: 2505
people: Jackey Jackey | an aboriginal boy of the Port Fairy tribe
event_type: murder
direct_violence: True
pastoral_station: NULL

Sources

TLCMap ID

tf7b5d

Linkback

https://australianwars.net/details.php?id=2505

Source

PORT PHILLIP. Maitland Mercury and Hunter River General Advertiser (NSW : 1843 - 1893), Saturday 20 April 1844, page 4 https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/666319

Created At

2026-08-20 13:24:23

Updated At

2026-08-20 13:24:23

🌏 Merriman at the Faithfull massacre/battle.

Placename: NULL
Type: Event

Location, Dates

Latitude

-36.549

Longitude

145.976

Start Date

1838-04-12

End Date

1838-04-12

Description

Merryman is said to have been one of the party concerned in the murder of Mr Faithful's men some years earlier.

Extended Data

Source_ID: 75
Datasource_ID: awar_db
war_id: 2505
people: Merryman | Mr Faithful's men
event_type: killing
direct_violence: True
pastoral_station: NULL

Sources

TLCMap ID

tf7b5e

Linkback

https://australianwars.net/details.php?id=2505

Source

WANGARATTA RACES. Ovens and Murray Advertiser (Beechworth, Vic. : 1855; 1857 - 1890; 1892 - 1955), Wednesday 23 February 1859, page 2 https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/117925966

Created At

2026-08-20 13:24:23

Updated At

2026-08-20 13:24:23

🌏 Police examination at Broken River

Placename: Broken River
Type: Event

Location, Dates

Latitude

-36.5525207

Longitude

145.9809841

Start Date

1840-04-28

End Date

1840-04-28

Description

Broadribb reported the killing to the police at Broken River, and a policeman returned with him to examine the body and place.

Extended Data

Source_ID: 79
Datasource_ID: awar_db
war_id: 2505
people: Broadribb | the Police
event_type: police investigation
direct_violence: False
pastoral_station: NULL

Sources

TLCMap ID

tf7b5f

Linkback

https://australianwars.net/details.php?id=2505

Source

Sydney News. Port Phillip Gazette (Vic. : 1838 - 1845), Wednesday 3 June 1840, page 4 https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/225007812

Created At

2026-08-20 13:24:23

Updated At

2026-08-20 13:24:23

🌏 Pursuit of Merryman by police

Placename: NULL
Type: Event

Location, Dates

Latitude

-36.1143067

Longitude

147.0363478

Start Date

1851-04-02

End Date

1851-10-02

Description

Merryman eluded the police but was eventually captured. Location unknown, but in the vicinity of Albury.

Extended Data

Source_ID: 82
Datasource_ID: awar_db
war_id: 2505
people: the police | Merryman
event_type: pursuit
direct_violence: False
pastoral_station: NULL

Sources

TLCMap ID

tf7b60

Linkback

https://australianwars.net/details.php?id=2505

Source

No title Tasmanian Colonist (Hobart Town, Tas. : 1851 - 1855), Thursday 2 October 1851, page 3 https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/226527023

Created At

2026-08-20 13:24:23

Updated At

2026-08-20 13:24:23

🌏 Capture and removal of Merryman to Goulbourn

Placename: Goulbourn
Type: Event

Location, Dates

Latitude

-37.02757

Longitude

145.1081162

Start Date

1851-04-02

End Date

1851-10-02

Description

Merryman was captured and forwarded to Goulbourn to await his trial.

Extended Data

Source_ID: 83
Datasource_ID: awar_db
war_id: 2505
people: Merryman
event_type: arrest; imprisonment; trial
direct_violence: False
pastoral_station: NULL

Sources

TLCMap ID

tf7b61

Linkback

https://australianwars.net/details.php?id=2505

Source

(THE MURRAY.) Melbourne Daily News (Vic. : 1848 - 1851), Tuesday 29 July 1851, page 2 https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/226914296; Colonial News. Bathurst Free Press and Mining Journal (NSW : 1851 - 1862; 1872; 1882; 1885 - 1897; 1899 - 1904), Saturday 30 August 1851, page 2 https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/62519809; No title Tasmanian Colonist (Hobart Town, Tas. : 1851 - 1855), Thursday 2 October 1851, page 3 https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/226527023

Created At

2026-08-20 13:24:23

Updated At

2026-08-20 13:24:23

🌏 Burial of Richard Thompson near the hut

Placename: Heifer Station, Fifteen Mile Creek
Type: Event

Location, Dates

Latitude

-36.428

Longitude

146.266

Start Date

1840-04-28

End Date

1840-04-28

Description

Thompson's body was brought to the hut and buried near it the next day. (location near Fifteen Mile Creek near Chisholm's station, according to Ham's Squatting Map)

Extended Data

Source_ID: 78
Datasource_ID: awar_db
war_id: 2505
people: NULL
event_type: burial
direct_violence: False
pastoral_station: NULL

Sources

TLCMap ID

tf7b62

Linkback

https://australianwars.net/details.php?id=2505

Source

Sydney News. Port Phillip Gazette (Vic. : 1838 - 1845), Wednesday 3 June 1840, page 4 https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/225007812

Created At

2026-08-20 13:24:23

Updated At

2026-08-20 13:24:23

🌏 Attempted sexual assault and beating of a white woman at the township outskirts

Placename: NULL
Type: Event

Location, Dates

Latitude

-36.0817338

Longitude

146.9617798

Start Date

1851-04-02

End Date

1851-10-02

Description

After drinking at the races Merryman assualted a white woman in a hut on the outskirts of Albury. The location is not precise as there is no indication of which direction outside Albury, etc.

Extended Data

Source_ID: 80
Datasource_ID: awar_db
war_id: 2505
people: Merryman | a white woman
event_type: sexual violence; assault; wounding
direct_violence: True
pastoral_station: NULL

Sources

TLCMap ID

tf7b63

Linkback

https://australianwars.net/details.php?id=2505

Source

Created At

2026-08-20 13:24:23

Updated At

2026-08-20 13:24:23

🌏 Aboriginal man accosts woman on carriage

Placename: NULL
Type: Event

Location, Dates

Latitude

-37.8174486

Longitude

144.9674419

Start Date

1848-12-23

End Date

1848-12-23

Description

On Saturday evening an Aboriginal person approached Mrs. James Simpson's dog cart, tried to take a seat beside her, and later ran towards the vehicle and brandished a waddy before being taken into custody. Note this is not the same 'Winberry', resistance leader who was shot in the Lettsom Raid.

Extended Data

Source_ID: 86
Datasource_ID: awar_db
war_id: 2505
people: Mrs. James Simpson | Winberry | the district police
event_type: threat; arrest
direct_violence: False
pastoral_station: NULL

Sources

TLCMap ID

tf7b64

Linkback

https://australianwars.net/details.php?id=2505

Source

Domestic Intelligence. Argus (Melbourne, Vic. : 1848 - 1957), Friday 29 December 1848, page 4 https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/4769872; LOCAL INTELLIGENCE. Melbourne Daily News (Vic. : 1848 - 1851), Wednesday 27 December 1848, page 2 https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/225706839

Created At

2026-08-20 13:24:23

Updated At

2026-08-20 13:24:23

🌏 Attack on Snodgrass station at Muddy Creek

Placename: Muddy Creek
Type: Event

Location, Dates

Latitude

-37.2883686

Longitude

145.4650466

Start Date

1840-03-17

End Date

1840-03-17

Description

Aboriginal people came to Mr. P. Snodgrass's station on Muddy Creek, pushed the men into a hut, pointed guns at them, and took flour and mutton.

Extended Data

Source_ID: 87
Datasource_ID: awar_db
war_id: 2505
people: a party of Aborigines | Tarrak-munnin | Winberry | Francis McCarrick | Deighton | Piengingoon
event_type: attack; robbery
direct_violence: True
pastoral_station: Mr. P. Snodgrass's station

Sources

TLCMap ID

tf7b65

Linkback

https://australianwars.net/details.php?id=2505

Source

QUARTER SESSIONS. Port Phillip Patriot and Melbourne Advertiser (Vic. : 1839 - 1845), Thursday 7 January 1841, page 2 https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/226510885

Created At

2026-08-20 13:24:23

Updated At

2026-08-20 13:24:23

🌏 Captured people held in yard behind hospital, while leaders identified.

Placename: Yard behind hospital
Type: Event

Location, Dates

Latitude

-37.8139267

Longitude

144.9585907

Start Date

1840-10-11

End Date

1840-10-11

Description

People captured in the Lettsom raid were held in a yard behind the hospital, while leaders identified and sent to jail.

Extended Data

Source_ID: 95
Datasource_ID: awar_db
war_id: 2505
people: Jagga Jagga | Billy Hamilton
event_type: imprisonment
direct_violence: False
pastoral_station: NULL

Sources

TLCMap ID

tf7b66

Linkback

https://australianwars.net/details.php?id=2505

Source

DOMESTIC INTELLIGENCE. Sydney Gazette and New South Wales Advertiser (NSW : 1803 - 1842), Saturday 24 October 1840, page 2 https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/2546927

Created At

2026-08-20 13:24:23

Updated At

2026-08-20 13:24:23

🌏 People who were not jailed were held in the store behind prison

Placename: Store behind jail
Type: Event

Location, Dates

Latitude

-37.8171398

Longitude

144.9582243

Start Date

1840-10-11

End Date

1840-10-11

Description

After resistance leaders were identified and moved to the jail, the remaining people captured in the Lettsom raid who were not jailed were held in the store behind prison.

Extended Data

Source_ID: 96
Datasource_ID: awar_db
war_id: 2505
people: Jagga Jagga | Billy Hamilton
event_type: imprisonment
direct_violence: False
pastoral_station: NULL

Sources

TLCMap ID

tf7b67

Linkback

https://australianwars.net/details.php?id=2505

Source

DOMESTIC INTELLIGENCE. Sydney Gazette and New South Wales Advertiser (NSW : 1803 - 1842), Saturday 24 October 1840, page 2 https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/2546927

Created At

2026-08-20 13:24:23

Updated At

2026-08-20 13:24:23

🌏 Pursuit of Aboriginal people for recent murders

Placename: Melbourne / Naarm
Type: Event

Location, Dates

Latitude

-37.8138721

Longitude

144.964431

Start Date

1840-06-08

End Date

1840-12-08

Description

Major Lettsom and six troopers of the mounted police arrived overland from Sydney in pursuit of Aboriginal people (said to be Jacky, Winberry, and Billy Hamilton) concerned in the recent murders at the stations of Messrs Waugh and Mackay.

Extended Data

Source_ID: 60
Datasource_ID: awar_db
war_id: 2505
people: Major Lettsom | six troopers of the mounted police | Jacky, Winberry, and Billy Hamilton
event_type: pursuit
direct_violence: False
pastoral_station: Messrs Waugh and Mackay

Sources

TLCMap ID

tf7b68

Linkback

https://australianwars.net/details.php?id=2505

Source

PORT PHILLIP NEWS. Southern Australian (Adelaide, SA : 1838 - 1844), Tuesday 8 December 1840, page 4 https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/71620462

Created At

2026-08-20 13:24:23

Updated At

2026-08-20 13:24:23

🌏 Killing of Merryman's partner at the camp

Placename: NULL
Type: Event

Location, Dates

Latitude

-36.0936827

Longitude

146.9804484

Start Date

1851-04-02

End Date

1851-10-02

Description

After drinking at the races, Merryman returned to his camp and killed his wife with a tomahawk. Location is not precise as there is no indication of where or in what direction the camp was.

Extended Data

Source_ID: 81
Datasource_ID: awar_db
war_id: 2505
people: Merryman | Merryman's wife
event_type: killing
direct_violence: True
pastoral_station: NULL

Sources

TLCMap ID

tf7b69

Linkback

https://australianwars.net/details.php?id=2505

Source

Created At

2026-08-20 13:24:23

Updated At

2026-08-20 13:24:23

🌏 Merryman at Albury Races

Placename: NULL
Type: Event

Location, Dates

Latitude

-36.0618811

Longitude

146.9541517

Start Date

1851-02-28

End Date

1851-08-30

Description

Merryman visited the races at Albury. He was on good terms with whites and greeted many but became aggressive after drinking too much.

Extended Data

Source_ID: 84
Datasource_ID: awar_db
war_id: 2505
people: Merryman | a white woman
event_type: assault; attempted rape; wounding
direct_violence: True
pastoral_station: NULL

Sources

TLCMap ID

tf7b6a

Linkback

https://australianwars.net/details.php?id=2505

Source

Colonial News. Bathurst Free Press and Mining Journal (NSW : 1851 - 1862; 1872; 1882; 1885 - 1897; 1899 - 1904), Saturday 30 August 1851, page 2 https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/62519809

Created At

2026-08-20 13:24:23

Updated At

2026-08-20 13:24:23

🌏 Murder of two station men on the Hume River

Placename: Hume River
Type: Event

Location, Dates

Latitude

-35.9418391

Longitude

147.8448495

Start Date

1840-05-07

End Date

1840-11-07

Description

Aboriginal people murdered two men in the employ of Messrs. Walton at a station on the Hume River.

Extended Data

Source_ID: 85
Datasource_ID: awar_db
war_id: 2505
people: the natives | two men in the employ of Messrs. Walton | Messrs. Walton
event_type: killing
direct_violence: True
pastoral_station: Messrs. Walton

Sources

TLCMap ID

tf7b6b

Linkback

https://australianwars.net/details.php?id=2505

Source

Domestic Intelligence. Port Phillip Gazette (Vic. : 1838 - 1845), Saturday 7 November 1840, page 3 https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/225007839

Created At

2026-08-20 13:24:23

Updated At

2026-08-20 13:24:23

🌏 Rumour of 2 men and 1 woman killed following escape after the Lettsom Raid

Placename: NULL
Type: Event

Location, Dates

Latitude

-37.3910425

Longitude

145.0253639

Start Date

1840-10-12

End Date

1840-11-03

Description

The article reported a rumour that two men and a woman had been found murdered between Melbourne and the Goulburn after the escape from custody. Location is not accurate due to the vague description.

Extended Data

Source_ID: 90
Datasource_ID: awar_db
war_id: 2505
people: two men and a woman | the portion of the captured natives
event_type: suspected killing
direct_violence: True
pastoral_station: NULL

Sources

TLCMap ID

tf7b6c

Linkback

https://australianwars.net/details.php?id=2505

Source

PORT PHILIP. Colonist (Sydney, NSW : 1835 - 1840), Tuesday 3 November 1840, page 3 https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/31725836

Created At

2026-08-20 13:24:23

Updated At

2026-08-20 13:24:23

🌏 Goulburn Aboriginal people arrive near Melbourne to avenge murder

Placename: Melbourne
Type: Event

Location, Dates

Latitude

-37.7893753

Longitude

145.0027452

Start Date

1840-04-24

End Date

1840-10-24

Description

Goulburn Aboriginal people arrived in the vicinity of Melbourne, saying they were on their way to avenge the murder of one of their tribe.

Extended Data

Source_ID: 92
Datasource_ID: awar_db
war_id: 2505
people: the Goulburn blacks | the Barrabool blacks
event_type: threat; retaliation
direct_violence: False
pastoral_station: NULL

Sources

TLCMap ID

tf7b6d

Linkback

https://australianwars.net/details.php?id=2505

Source

Port Phillip. Sydney Monitor and Commercial Advertiser (NSW : 1838 - 1841), Saturday 24 October 1840, page 2 https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/32186095

Created At

2026-08-20 13:24:23

Updated At

2026-08-20 13:24:23

🌏 Dora Dora Station, Table Top Mountain, Murray River

Type: Event

Location, Dates

Latitude

-35.985

Longitude

147.35

Start Date

1836-01-01

End Date

1836-12-31

Description

In 1836, two stockmen were killed by Wiradjuri men on Thologolong station near the Murray River, NSW. 'The reprisals by the settlers, the little known Dora Dora massacre, resulted in the deaths of at least a dozen Aboriginal, men, women and children. [T]he attack was led by John Jobbins, owner of adjoining Cumberoona station, a man who quickly gained a reputation for his extreme violence. Cumberoona's lands were principal camping grounds for local Aboriginal peoples [Wiradjuri], but Jobbins declared that the land was his, exclusively, and that harsh punishment would be administered to those that did not comply.' Jobbins led the attack with an unknown number of armed men on horseback. (Schneider, 2016, p 29)

Extended Data

Source_ID: 574
LanguageGroup: Wiradjuri
Colony: NSW
StateOrTerritory: NSW
PoliceDistrict: Goulburn
Victims: Aboriginal or Torres Strait Islander People
VictimsDead: 12
Attackers: Colonists
AttackersDead: 0
AttackerDescription: Settler(s)
CorroborationRating: *
War: South Road
Stage: East
Region: South East
Period: South

Sources

TLCMap ID

te16ea

Linkback

https://c21ch.newcastle.edu.au/colonialmassacres/detail.php?r=574

Source

Smethwick 2003, p 2; Schneider 2016, p 29.

Created At

2025-08-11 14:41:39

Updated At

2025-08-11 14:41:39

🌏 Harlequin Marched To Melbourne, Day 7

Placename: Mr Greens station
Type: Event

Location, Dates

Latitude

-37.4736032

Longitude

144.9729798

Start Date

1840-12-06

End Date

1840-12-06

Description

Harlequin to Mr Greens station, 35 miles from the Goulburn.

Extended Data

Source_ID: 24
war_id: 2505
people: Harlequin | Mr Green | Michael Goodwin | Thomas Connock
event_type: coercion; transport; imprisonment
direct_violence: True
pastoral_station: Green
Datasource_ID: awar_db

Sources

TLCMap ID

tf6df7

Linkback

https://australianwars.net/details.php?id=2505

Source

SUPREME COURT. -- CRIMINAL SIDE. Port Phillip Patriot and Melbourne Advertiser (Vic. : 1839 - 1845), Thursday 20 May 1841, page 2 https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/226511209

Created At

2026-06-28 22:43:03

Updated At

2026-08-21 11:38:08

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