Details
Latitude-33.8028 Longitude151 Start Date1804 End Date1821
Description
The first Parramatta Female Factory was built near Parramatta Gaol, on what is now Prince Alfred Square. Within a decade, however, increasing numbers of convict women in the penal colony meant the facility was no longer adequate. A suitable site was found further up the Parramatta River for building a new female factory, which opened in 1821, allowing the closure of the first facility.
Extended Data
- Convict
- Convict
- Female
- Female
- Male
- Male
- Aboriginal
- Other
- Children
- Other
Sources
TLCMap IDtd6e53 Linkback
Created At2024-11-21 07:02:11 Updated At2024-11-21 07:02:11
Details
Latitude-42.877 Longitude147.327 Start Date1821 End Date1829
Description
Due to the growing female convict population in Tasmania, in 1821 Governor Macquarie ordered that a small female factory be erected adjacent to the Hobart Town Gaol. The site's poor security led to frequent escapes from the factory during its years of operation, which ended in January 1829 when the final prisoners were transferred to the newly-built Cascades Female Factory. After the closure of the Female Factory in 1829 it was converted into shop premises.
Extended Data
- Convict
- Convict
- Female
- Female
- Male
- Other
- Aboriginal
- Other
- Children
- Other
Sources
TLCMap IDtd6e59 Linkback
Created At2024-11-21 07:02:11 Updated At2024-11-21 07:02:11
Details
Latitude-41.1063 Longitude146.825 Start Date1822 End Date1834
Description
Initially this Female Factory where was simply a shed where female convicts would work at making woollen cloth and leather shoes during the day, then find lodging wherever they could in town at night. This changed in 1825, when the Factory was moved to the property of Reverend John Youl, and the women were housed onsite. However, as at the Hobart Female Factory, security on the site was poor, leading to riots and escape attempts. The operation closed in 1834, with the remaining prisoners sent to the Launceston Female Factory.
Extended Data
- Convict
- Convict
- Female
- Female
- Male
- Other
- Aboriginal
- Other
- Children
- Other
Sources
TLCMap IDtd6e54 Linkback
Created At2024-11-21 07:02:11 Updated At2024-11-21 07:02:11
Details
Latitude-27.4674 Longitude153.028 Start Date1829 End Date1834
Description
A Female Factory was established at the Moreton Bay penal colony in 1829. As many as 138 women convicts lived and worked within this small building, many employed picking oakum from frayed ropes. The Moreton Bay Female Factory ceased being used as a convict establishment in 1834, when all the female convicts were transferred to Eagle Farm. The building?became Brisbane's first prison in 1850, then a police court. Today it is the site of Queen Street's General Post Office.
Extended Data
- Convict
- Convict
- Female
- Female
- Male
- Other
- Aboriginal
- Other
- Children
- Other
Sources
TLCMap IDtd6e55 Linkback
Created At2024-11-21 07:02:11 Updated At2024-11-21 07:02:11
Details
Latitude-27.4436 Longitude153.09 Start Date1834 End Date1839
Description
The suburb now known as Eagle Farm in Brisbane started to be cleared for agricultural cultivation by convicts in the Moreton Bay penal colony in 1829. By 1934, some of the women convicts had been moved there, working in the fields and as dairywomen. Stationing female convicts at Eagle Farm was also an attempt to reduce their fraternisation with male convicts and the military. In 1836, the construction of slab cells at Eagle Farm was undertaken, and the following year all remaining female prisoners in Brisbane were removed to Eagle Farm. In 1839, all remaining convict women were shipped out of Moreton Bay penal colony to Sydney, closing the Eagle Farm prison. Only the foundations of the prison survive.
Extended Data
- Convict
- Convict
- Female
- Female
- Male
- Male
- Aboriginal
- Other
- Children
- Other
Sources
TLCMap IDtd6e50 Linkback
Created At2024-11-21 07:02:11 Updated At2024-11-21 07:02:11
Details
Latitude-33.8101 Longitude151.004 Start Date1802 End Date1842
Description
A second gaol was built on the same site as the previously burned down gaol in 1802. Construction work was supervised by Parramatta magistrate Reverend Samuel Marsden, known as the flogging parson. The facility accommodated both male and female prisoners,. It quickly became overcrowded, and would experience further deterioration over the next 30 years.
Extended Data
- Convict
- Other
- Female
- Female
- Male
- Male
- Aboriginal
- Other
- Children
- Other
Details
Latitude-33.8693 Longitude151.213 Start Date1819 End Date1847
Description
Upon opening in 1819, the Hyde Park Barracks provided accommodation for male convicts transported to the New South Wales penal colony. It ceased to be used for this purpose in 1848, becoming instead an Immigration Depot for newly-arrived female migrants. From 1862 it was an asylum for destitute women. In 1887 it was converted into law courts, operating as such until 1979. Today the Hyde Park Barracks operates as a history museum.
Extended Data
- Convict
- Convict
- Female
- Female
- Male
- Male
- Aboriginal
- Other
- Children
- Other
Sources
TLCMap IDtd6e51 Linkback
Created At2024-11-21 07:02:11 Updated At2024-11-21 07:02:11
Details
Latitude-33.7987 Longitude151.001 Start Date1821 End Date1848
Description
This purpose-built facility was used to house convict women until they could be assigned to service in a respectable family, and also as a place of detention for those who had broken regulations while in assigned service. The factory also acted as a prison for women who committed a crime in the colony. Linen, wool and linsey woolsey were manufactured on site, with women also set to spinning, knitting, straw plaiting, washing, cleaning duties, rock breaking and oakum picking. In 1827, the factory was the site of Australia's first industrial action when women rioted in response to a cut in their rations. With the end of convict transportation to the colony, the site was converted into a lunatic and invalid asylum in 1848. Today the buildings form part of the Cumberland Hospital and New South Wales Institute of Psychiatry.
Extended Data
- Convict
- Convict
- Female
- Female
- Male
- Other
- Aboriginal
- Other
- Children
- Other
Sources
TLCMap IDtd6e58 Linkback
Created At2024-11-21 07:02:11 Updated At2024-11-21 07:02:11
Details
Latitude-42.0333 Longitude147.494 Start Date1848 End Date1854
Description
Built in the early 1940s as a probation station for male convicts working on road gangs, the Ross site was converted into a workhouse for female convicts in 1848. The Police Department took over the buildings after the factory closed in 1854. Today the only remaining building is the Overseer's Cottage, which contains a historical display about the site that is open to the public.
Extended Data
- Convict
- Convict
- Female
- Female
- Male
- Male
- Aboriginal
- Other
- Children
- Other
Sources
TLCMap IDtd6e52 Linkback
Created At2024-11-21 07:02:11 Updated At2024-11-21 07:02:11
Details
Latitude-41.4397 Longitude147.133 Start Date1834 End Date1855
Description
Opened as a work-house for female convicts, the site operated as a female factory until 1855. It then operated as a gaol until 1914, when it was demolished to build Launceston High School (today Launceston College).
Extended Data
- Convict
- Convict
- Female
- Female
- Male
- Other
- Aboriginal
- Other
- Children
- Other
Sources
TLCMap IDtd6e56 Linkback
Created At2024-11-21 07:02:11 Updated At2024-11-21 07:02:11
Details
Latitude-42.8937 Longitude147.299 Start Date1828 End Date1856
Description
This purpose-built workhouse for female convicts operated from 1828 to 1856. Female transportees would be housed there upon their first arrival in the colony until they could be sent out to assigned service with an appropriate family; assigned women would also be returned to the factory for disobedience or rule-breaking. The factory's location in a damp, swampy area led to high rates of disease among inmates, exacerbated by overcrowding. In 1869, more than a decade after its use as a female convict factory had ceased, the site became a reformatory for boys who were homeless or had been convicted of offences by the courts. At the reformatory boys would receive a basic education, work on farmland attached to the institution, or be apprenticed out to employers. The reformatory closed in 1876, but in 1884 the site was again opened as an alternative facility to prison for juvenile offenders, now known as the Boys' Training School. The Boys' Training School was transferred to a new site in New Town in 1896. Today the remaining Cascades buildings form a heritage site that is open to the visiting public.
Extended Data
- Convict
- Convict
- Female
- Female
- Male
- Male
- Aboriginal
- Other
- Children
- Juvenile
Sources
TLCMap IDtd6e4f Linkback
Created At2024-11-21 07:02:11 Updated At2024-11-21 07:02:11
Details
Latitude-37.903 Longitude144.861 Start Date1853 End Date1868
Description
The Success was purchased along with the other hulks to cope with the increased population and crime that followed the discovery of gold in Victoria. In 1857, convicts from the?Success?murdered Superintendent of Prisons?John Price. The hulk was later used to receive female prisoners until 1868. It was then put to various governmental purposed until 1890, when it was outfitted as a travelling museum about convict life. This display was not a commercial success, and the ship was scuttled, but was then refloated in 1893, with the convict museum travelling around the world, including to San Francisco in 1915 for the Panama-Pacific International Exposition. A fire destroyed the ship in 1945.
Extended Data
- Convict
- Convict
- Female
- Female
- Male
- Other
- Aboriginal
- Other
- Children
- Other
Sources
TLCMap IDtd6e57 Linkback
Created At2024-11-21 07:02:11 Updated At2024-11-21 07:02:11
Details
Latitude-27.4651 Longitude153.013 Start Date1860 End Date1883
Description
Almost from its opening in 1860, Brisbane Gaol on Petrie Terrace was overcrowded. In 1867 the quarantine station on St Helena Island started to be used as a gaol to relieve the strain, and in 1870 female prisoners at Petrie Terrace were relocated to the Toowoomba Gaol. The Petrie Terrace Gaol was finally able to close in 1883 with the completion of the Boggo Road Gaol in South Brisbane. The Petrie Terrace site was used as a police barracks from 1885 until the mid-1980s, as well as a training centre for the Queensland Defence Force. Many of the former police buildings remain intact, but have since been redeveloped as a retail and commercial precinct named The Barracks.
Extended Data
- Convict
- Other
- Female
- Female
- Male
- Other
- Aboriginal
- Other
- Children
- Other
Sources
TLCMap IDtd6e7e Linkback
Created At2024-11-21 07:02:12 Updated At2024-11-21 07:02:12
Details
Latitude-33.6644 Longitude138.933 Start Date1856 End Date1894
Description
The first prison built in South Australia outside the capital of Adelaide, Redruth opened in 1856. Initially it received few prisoners, but was experiencing overcrowding by 1876, with 22 prisoners within 8 cells. In 1894, the poor state of the buildings and low numbers of prisoners led to the decision to close the prison. It was reopened as a girls reformatory in 1897, continuing as such until 1922, after a riot by inmates the previous year had seen criticism of the staff and facility. Redruth Gaol underwent restoration in the late 1980s, and today operates as a?museum.
Extended Data
- Convict
- Other
- Female
- Female
- Male
- Other
- Aboriginal
- Other
- Children
- Juvenile
Sources
TLCMap IDtd6e7a Linkback
Created At2024-11-21 07:02:12 Updated At2024-11-21 07:02:12
Details
Latitude-27.4591 Longitude153.035 Start Date1863 End Date1903
Description
From its opening in 1863 Fortitude Valley Gaol was used to accommodate female prisoners from Brisbane who were serving short sentences; women serving longer sentences were transferred to the gaol at Toowoomba. The gaol closed in 1904, after the opening of a new women's prison at Boggo Road Gaol in Brisbane made it superfluous.
Extended Data
- Convict
- Other
- Female
- Female
- Male
- Other
- Aboriginal
- Other
- Children
- Other
Sources
TLCMap IDtd6e7f Linkback
Created At2024-11-21 07:02:12 Updated At2024-11-21 07:02:12
Details
Latitude-27.5624 Longitude151.962 Start Date1864 End Date1903
Description
Toowoomba Gaol opened in 1864 to receive inmates from the immediate area. In 1870 it began receiving female inmates from throughout southern Queensland, including?the capital of Brisbane. In 1881 a reformatory and industrial school for adolescent girls was opened adjacent to the prison. In 1887 the Royal Commission into Queensland prisons heavily criticised the gaol, declaring that 'no woman can enter Toowoomba Gaol without becoming degraded, losing self-respect, and made infinitely worse than before she stepped within its walls'.?Both the prison and reformatory?closed in 1903.?Today only the gaol foundations remain.
Extended Data
- Convict
- Other
- Female
- Female
- Male
- Other
- Aboriginal
- Other
- Children
- Juvenile
Sources
TLCMap IDtd6e7b Linkback
Created At2024-11-21 07:02:12 Updated At2024-11-21 07:02:12
Details
Latitude-33.8476 Longitude151.171 Start Date1841 End Date1909
Description
Cockatoo Island was declared?a gaol in 1839 due to the imminent closure of the Norfolk Island convict establishment. Convict barracks were built, and became occupied in 1841. In 1869 the remaining prisoners were transferred from the Island to Darlinghurst Gaol, and the prison buildings became the Biloela industrial school and reformatory for delinquent girls from 1871. Following the closure of the Biloela reformatory in 1888, male prisoners were again sent to the island. The gaol continued to function until 1909. The Cockatoo Island Prison Barracks Precinct is now a heritage site and is open to the visiting public.
Extended Data
- Convict
- Convict
- Female
- Female
- Male
- Male
- Aboriginal
- Other
- Children
- Juvenile
Details
Latitude-35.1056 Longitude147.371 Start Date1862 End Date1909
Description
Newly erected premises at Wagga Wagga were declared a gaol in 1862. It was used for short-sentence prisoners (both men and women)?from the district, and by 1877 had accommodations for 41 inmates. The prison closed in 1909 and was demolished a decade later.??
Extended Data
- Convict
- Other
- Female
- Female
- Male
- Male
- Aboriginal
- Other
- Children
- Other
Sources
TLCMap IDtd6e74 Linkback
Created At2024-11-21 07:02:12 Updated At2024-11-21 07:02:12
Details
Latitude-33.8793 Longitude151.218 Start Date1841 End Date1914
Description
Construction on the gaol began in 1822 using convict labour, but the site was abandoned for over a decade before the funds were found to complete some of the cell blocks, allowing the first prisoners to be received in 1841.?76 people were hanged at the gaol during its period of usage, including bushranger Andrew George Scott aka "Captain Moonlite", and the last woman executed in New South Wales,?Louisa Collins, hanged in 1889 for poisoning her husband. The gaol closed in 1914, following the construction of new facilities at Long Bay Gaol. Darlinghurst Gaol was used as an internment cap during World War One, and since 1921?the site has been inhabited by the National School of Art.
Extended Data
- Convict
- Other
- Female
- Female
- Male
- Male
- Aboriginal
- Other
- Children
- Other
Details
Latitude-41.4398 Longitude147.134 Start Date1827 End Date1917
Description
This gaol was built in Paterson Street, Launceston to accommodate convicts sent as labour to colonists in northern Tasmania, as well as receive locally-convicted prisoners from the surrounding area. After the cessation of transportation in 1853, it was mainly converted to the latter purpose, receiving men, women and children as prisoners. By 1900, it was being used only for short-sentence prisoners. In 1917, it ceased operations with the construction of a police watch-house a few blocks away.
Extended Data
- Convict
- Convict
- Female
- Female
- Male
- Male
- Aboriginal
- Other
- Children
- Juvenile
Sources
TLCMap IDtd6e4d Linkback
Created At2024-11-21 07:02:11 Updated At2024-11-21 07:02:11
Details
Latitude-37.8077 Longitude144.965 Start Date1845 End Date1924
Description
The gaol was established in 1845, but by 1850 it was already over-crowded, and the population influx brought by the discovery of gold in Victoria in 1851 quickly necessitated extensions (which were based on London's Pentonville Model Prison).?Detailed records of daily life inside the gaol are provided by the?diaries?of John Castieau, governor of the gaol between 1869 and 1884. Men, women and children were all imprisoned in the gaol. The youngest prisoner (not counting those infants born inside or accompanying their mothers) was a three-year-old convicted for being an idle and disorderly character in 1857. There were 135 hangings at the gaol, including infamous bushranger?Ned Kelly?and nineteenth-century serial killer?Frederick Bailey Deeming. The gaol was closed in 1924, although during World War Two it was used as a military prison. Although part of the gaol was demolished, today the remaining buildings operate as a prison museum.
Extended Data
- Convict
- Other
- Female
- Female
- Male
- Male
- Aboriginal
- Other
- Children
- Juvenile
Sources
TLCMap IDtd6e5d Linkback
Created At2024-11-21 07:02:11 Updated At2024-11-21 07:02:11
Details
Latitude-23.6984 Longitude133.881 Start Date1909 End Date1938
Description
The Stuart Town Gaol was established in Parsons Street in?Alice Springs, then called Stuart, in 1909. It housed male and female inmates of all ages. There were two cells - one for European and one for Aboriginal prisoners. Numbers of prisoners were initially fairly low, but increased sharply after the railway reached Stuart in 1929. When the name of the town was changed to Alice Springs in 1933 the gaol became known as the Alice Springs Gaol. It closed in 1938 with the opening of the HM Gaol and Labour Prison Alice Springs at Stuart Terrace. Today the Stuart Town Gaol, the oldest surviving building in Alice Springs, houses memorabilia related to police history and life in Central Australia.
Extended Data
- Convict
- Other
- Female
- Female
- Male
- Male
- Aboriginal
- Aboriginal
- Children
- Other
Sources
TLCMap IDtd6e5a Linkback
Created At2024-11-21 07:02:11 Updated At2024-11-21 07:02:11
Details
Latitude-37.6262 Longitude143.891 Start Date1862 End Date1965
Description
Ballarat Gaol opened in 1862, with accommodations for 74 inmates. It received male and female prisoners, as well as children. It continued to operate into the twentieth century as a maximum-security prison, finally closing in 1965. Most of the gaol was then demolished, with the few buildings that remain now used by Federation University.
Extended Data
- Convict
- Other
- Female
- Female
- Male
- Male
- Aboriginal
- Other
- Children
- Other
Sources
TLCMap IDtd6e61 Linkback
Created At2024-11-21 07:02:12 Updated At2024-11-21 07:02:12
Details
Latitude-34.503 Longitude144.851 Start Date1880 End Date1974
Description
In 1880 the Hay Gaol was moved from Lachlan Street to a new building in Church Street. It was mainly used to incarcerate short-term offenders from the surrounding districts. Low numbers of prisoners led to an ongoing struggle to keep the prison open, with a daily average of only 14 inmates in 1897. By 1915 the gaol had only 3 prisoners being supervised by a staff of 4. It was therefore closed that year. During the interwar period it was used as a hospital then maternity home, until over-crowding in the state's prisons led to its reopening as a gaol in 1930. In 1940 Hay Gaol again closed and was used as a prisoner-of-war and internment centre. After the war it was used as emergency public housing until 1961, when it became a maximum-security institution for girls aged 13 to 18 years, following wide scale rioting at the Parramatta Girls' Home earlier that year. The system at Hay was particularly harsh: girls were only allowed ten minutes twice a day to talk among themselves; they had to keep their eyes downcast at all times; had to keep at least six feet apart from each other at all times; raise their arms to talk to a staff member and await a response; and receive no schooling, instead put to work cleaning, cooking, scrubbing and painting walls, laying concrete paths, gardening and sewing. Those who misbehaved were put in an isolation block in the courtyard for a 24-hour period on bread and water. After negative media about the institution it closed in 1974. The gaol is now a museum and cultural centre.
Extended Data
- Convict
- Other
- Female
- Female
- Male
- Other
- Aboriginal
- Other
- Children
- Juvenile
Sources
TLCMap IDtd6e7c Linkback
Created At2024-11-21 07:02:12 Updated At2024-11-21 07:02:12
Details
Latitude-33.345 Longitude138.413 Start Date1881 End Date1975
Description
Designed to house both male and female inmates, Gladstone Gaol was?based on a model prison plan by the then governor of Bristol Prison in England. By the 1920s, however, the gaol had a reputation for having particularly harsh conditions. In 1939 all prisoners in the gaol was transferred to Adelaide to enable the military to use the site as an internment camp, and then later a military detention barracks. The prison was reopened in 1952 and from that time was mostly used to house males under 25 years who it was felt needed to be kept away from the 'hardened criminals' elsewhere. The prison closed in 1975 due to the outdated nature of the facilities, and since 1978 has been open to visitors as a tourist attraction.
Extended Data
- Convict
- Other
- Female
- Female
- Male
- Male
- Aboriginal
- Other
- Children
- Other
Sources
TLCMap IDtd6e62 Linkback
Created At2024-11-21 07:02:12 Updated At2024-11-21 07:02:12
Details
Latitude-12.4255 Longitude130.837 Start Date1883 End Date1979
Description
Fannie Bay Gaol in Darwin opened in 1883. Five years later Deputy Sheriff John George Knight collected drawings made by Aboriginal prisoners at the gaol and sent them for display at the Melbourne Centennial Exhibition, one of the earliest exhibitions of Aboriginal art. Women prisoners at the gaol were housed for many years in the Gaoler's residence, but in 1928 a female cellblock was constructed. The prison was damaged and temporarily closed when Cyclone Tracy hit Darwin in 1974. The gaol closed permanently in 1979, and is now a museum open to the public.
Extended Data
- Convict
- Other
- Female
- Female
- Male
- Other
- Aboriginal
- Aboriginal
- Children
- Other
Sources
TLCMap IDtd6e79 Linkback
Created At2024-11-21 07:02:12 Updated At2024-11-21 07:02:12
Details
Latitude-38.1489 Longitude144.365 Start Date1853 End Date1991
Description
This gaol was built by prisoners who slept on hulks in Corio Bay during construction. In 1865 the gaol closed and was converted into an industrial school for girls who had committed minor offences or were considered to be at risk. The industrial school closed in 1872 and for five years the building was empty, but it became a hospital gaol?receiving invalid prisoners from 1877 until 1940. During the Second World War it was used as army detention barracks, before reverting to a hospital gaol in 1947. In 1958 the hospital gaol closed, and it was used as a training prison for medium-security prisoners until 1991. The gaol is now a museum.
Extended Data
- Convict
- Other
- Female
- Female
- Male
- Other
- Aboriginal
- Other
- Children
- Juvenile
Sources
TLCMap IDtd6e7d Linkback
Created At2024-11-21 07:02:12 Updated At2024-11-21 07:02:12
Details
Latitude-32.0548 Longitude115.754 Start Date1855 End Date1991
Description
While Swan River Colony was initially established in 1829 as a 'free settlement', by 1850 the need for a larger labour force convicts led to the introduction of transportation of convicts from Britain to Western Australia. Fremantle Prison was established to provide accommodation for these overseas convicts; some locally-convicted inmates were also held there from 1858. Penal transportation to Western Australia ended in 1868 and the number of convicts under sentence in the colony then gradually declined, so the prison eventually came under colonial control in 1886. Locally-convicted men from Perth Gaol were transferred to Fremantle, and from 1887 female prisoners were also sent there. The discovery of gold in Western Australia in 1890s swelled the population and prison numbers, and in the early twentieth century the gaol was considerably enlarged. Nevertheless, in 1911 a Royal Commission into Fremantle Prison recommended closing the facility due to its outdated conditions, but this recommendation was not acted upon. During both world wars the prison was used for the detention of military personnel accused of crimes, as well as an internment centre for enemy aliens and prisoners of war. Female inmates were removed from Fremantle in 1970. Despite growing pressure for prison reform, Fremantle Prison was slow to modernise, eventually leading to a major riot by dissatisfied prisoners in 1988.?The prison closed in 1991 and today operates as a museum about the gaol's history.
Extended Data
- Convict
- Convict
- Female
- Female
- Male
- male
- Aboriginal
- Other
- Children
- Other
Sources
TLCMap IDtd6e4c Linkback
Created At2024-11-21 07:02:11 Updated At2024-11-21 07:02:11
Details
Latitude-27.4951 Longitude153.029 Start Date1883 End Date1992
Description
The first cellblock opened at Boggo Road in 1883 to receive male prisoners. In 1903 a prison was built at the site to hold female prisoners; this cellblock became known as the No. 2 Division, and is the only building that still exists?today. There were 42 hangings at Boggo Road Gaol before Queensland became the first part of the British Commonwealth to abolish capital punishment in 1922. New prison buildings replaced the old No. 1 Division in the 1960s. During the 1970s the gaol became notorious throughout Australia for its appalling conditions, which inspired a number of protests. The prison closed in 1992. Since then No. 2 Division has been home to the Boggo Road Gaol Museum. In 2010 the site was redeveloped into the Boggo Road Urban Village, although the heritage-listed No. 2 Division remains in place and can be visited by the public on tours that detail the gaol's history.
Extended Data
- Convict
- Other
- Female
- Female
- Male
- Male
- Aboriginal
- Other
- Children
- Other
Sources
TLCMap IDtd6e63 Linkback
Created At2024-11-21 07:02:12 Updated At2024-11-21 07:02:12
Details
Latitude-23.7041 Longitude133.877 Start Date1938 End Date1993
Description
A gaol opened in 1938 to accommodate both male and female prisoners (in separate cell blocks). The gaol was the Northern Territory's only correctional facility for a time following the bombing of Darwin in 1942, and again for a short time in 1974 when Darwin's Fannie Bay Gaol was damaged by Cyclone Tracy. Until 1964, male?inmates were?segregated by race within the facility.?Originally built to detain 22 prisoners, from the mid 1960s prison numbers rose sharply so that by 1975 there were 121 inmates in the gaol, even though the optimum number of prisoners the gaol had capacity for was estimated at 60. The high incarceration rates disproportionately involved Aboriginal offenders. In 1993 the gaol was closed, and after a brief battle between heritage organisations and private developers wanting to demolish the buildings, the complex was leased to the National Pioneer Women's Hall of Fame to open a museum that includes exhibitions about the site's prison history.
Extended Data
- Convict
- Other
- Female
- Female
- Male
- Male
- Aboriginal
- Aboriginal
- Children
- Other
Sources
TLCMap IDtd6e5b Linkback
Created At2024-11-21 07:02:11 Updated At2024-11-21 07:02:11
Details
Latitude-37.797 Longitude145.015 Start Date1956 End Date1996
Description
A female prison built on the site of the former Yarra Bend Asylum, with remnants of the walls and gates incorporated into the prison layout. Between 1956 and 1982 the prison had an operational capacity of 60 inmates. In 1982 arson destroyed parts of the prison and led to the deaths of three inmates. The facility was rebuilt and expanded, reopening in 1986 with an operational capacity of 106 inmates. The prison closed in 1996.?
Extended Data
- Convict
- Other
- Female
- Female
- Male
- Other
- Aboriginal
- Other
- Children
- Other
Sources
TLCMap IDtd6e80 Linkback
Created At2024-11-21 07:02:12 Updated At2024-11-21 07:02:12
Details
Latitude-37.7371 Longitude144.968 Start Date1851 End Date1997
Description
The original prison building opened at Coburg in 1851, but underwent much extension and renovation in the late 1850s and early 1860s. The size of the complex expanded as different divisions were introduced to house different types of prisoners, with separate accommodations for prisoners of good behaviour, long-term prisoners with behaviour problems, short-term prisoners, remand prisoners, prisoners with psychiatric problems, high-security prisoners, young offenders and eventually maximum-security prisoners. A government reformatory for girls was also opened adjacent to the prison in 1864, but eventually closed in 1893, in part because it was felt that the reformatory's location so close to the prison was less than ideal. A reformatory for boys also operated in the grounds of Pentridge prison, known as the Jika Reformatory, from 1873 to 1879.?With the closure of Melbourne Gaol in 1924, Pentridge became the main prison for the metropolitan area. Pentridge eventually closed in 1997. The site is heritage-listed, and is currently undergoing remodelling that will turn it into an urban village.
Extended Data
- Convict
- Other
- Female
- Female
- Male
- Male
- Aboriginal
- Other
- Children
- Juvenile
Sources
TLCMap IDtd6e5f Linkback
Created At2024-11-21 07:02:11 Updated At2024-11-21 07:02:11
Details
Latitude-32.001 Longitude115.897 Start Date1998 End Date2004
Description
Nyandi was originally established in 1970 as a maximum-security female youth detention centre for up to 30 adolescent girls. From 1986, Nyandi also admitted boys aged 12-14 years. The youth detention centre closed in 1997, with the site re-opening the following year as a minimum-security prison for adult women. This correctional facility closed in 2004, and the buildings are now used for training Corrective Services staff.?
Extended Data
- Convict
- Other
- Female
- Female
- Male
- Male
- Aboriginal
- Other
- Children
- Juvenile
Sources
TLCMap IDtd6e5e Linkback
Created At2024-11-21 07:02:11 Updated At2024-11-21 07:02:11
Details
Latitude-36.7542 Longitude144.28 Start Date1863 End Date2006
Description
When this prison first opened in 1863 it was called Sandhurst Gaol, as this was Bendigo's official name until 1891, although locally the town was already being referred to as Bendigo. The gaol originally housed up to 80 male and female prisoners, but after 1896 all female prisoners were transferred to Pentridge Prison in Melbourne. Apart from an interlude between 1939 and 1953 when the prison was used as a military detention centre, the facility was used continuously as a prison until its closure in 2006. In 2015 the site reopened as the 1000-seat Ulumbarra Theatre.
Extended Data
- Convict
- Other
- Female
- Female
- Male
- Male
- Aboriginal
- Other
- Children
- Other
Sources
TLCMap IDtd6e64 Linkback
Created At2024-11-21 07:02:12 Updated At2024-11-21 07:02:12
Details
Latitude-35.2386 Longitude149.063 Start Date1976 End Date2009
Description
A facility to detain inmates awaiting trial, when it was initially opened in 1976 Belconnen could only house 16 people. It gradually grew to have a capacity for up to 60 inmates, male and female. It closed in 2009.
Extended Data
- Convict
- Other
- Female
- Female
- Male
- Male
- Aboriginal
- Other
- Children
- Other
Sources
TLCMap IDtd6e65 Linkback
Created At2024-11-21 07:02:12 Updated At2024-11-21 07:02:12
Details
Latitude-34.4874 Longitude150.336 Start Date1839 End Date2011
Description
Established in 1839, this site has continued to be used as a criminal detention centre on and off right though to today. The gaol was initially constructed using convict labour to house locally-convicted prisoners from the surrounding areas. In 1866 it was renovated to act as a 'model prison' in line with current penal reform ideas, which included the provision of separate cells for each prisoner. All prisoners sent to the gaol spent at least one year in solitary before gradually being given opportunities to interact with other prisoners during work and exercise periods. The gaol closed in 1909, and during World War One was used as a German internment camp. During the interwar era it acted as a police station, with the gaol open for public inspection as a place of historic interest. From 1944 it was rebuilt using prison labour, and reopened as the Berrima Training Centre in 1948, functioning as a minimum security prison for men. In 2001 it became an all-female prison instead, before being closed in 2011. In 2016 it was reopened to cope with New South Wales' growing prison population.
Extended Data
- Convict
- Other
- Female
- Female
- Male
- Men
- Aboriginal
- Other
- Children
- Other
Sources
TLCMap IDtd6e78 Linkback
Created At2024-11-21 07:02:12 Updated At2024-11-21 07:02:12
Details
Latitude-32.5136 Longitude137.813 Start Date1869 End Date2999
Description
Opened in 1869, Port Augusta Prison has continued to operate through to today. Today the low to high-security prison has a capacity for 524 male and 25 female inmates.
Extended Data
- Convict
- Other
- Female
- Female
- Male
- Male
- Aboriginal
- Other
- Children
- Other
Sources
TLCMap IDtd6e66 Linkback
Created At2024-11-21 07:02:12 Updated At2024-11-21 07:02:12
Details
Latitude-31.9606 Longitude141.452 Start Date1892 End Date2999
Description
In 1892 the police lockup at Broken Hill was declared a prison, meaning it went from receiving persons awaiting trial or serving very short sentences, to those sentenced to longer periods of detention. It appears it did not begin to receive such prisoners until the following year, when the remaining inmates at the nearby Silverton Gaol were transferred over to the new 90-bed facility. In 1942 the Broken Hill Gaol was decommissioned as a prison to enable the use of the premises by military forces, but the facility reverted to a prison in 1946. Today it is known as the Broken Hill Correctional Centre, a minimum to medium-security prison for men and women.
Extended Data
- Convict
- Other
- Female
- Female
- Male
- Other
- Aboriginal
- Other
- Children
- Other
Sources
TLCMap IDtd6e86 Linkback
Created At2024-11-21 07:02:12 Updated At2024-11-21 07:02:12
Details
Latitude-29.6767 Longitude152.94 Start Date1893 End Date2999
Description
This was the third gaol to be constructed at Grafton, the first two facilities having proved poorly sited and insufficient to local needs. The prison opened in 1893 to receive medium-security prisoners, but in 1924 was reclassified as a maximum-security prison, before reverting to medium-security status in 1945. From 1942 the gaol was used to house the most intractable prisoners due to a number of serious assaults on officers in the New South Wales prison system. The brutal regime at Grafton that followed was heavily criticised during the 1976-1978 Nagle Royal Commission into the New South Wales prison system. In 1991 Grafton Gaol was converted to a Periodic Detention Centre for minor offenders sentenced to a number of repeated short stays in prison (usually at weekends) rather than a continuous prison term. In 1992 the gaol became the Grafton Correctional Centre. The women's wing of the prison was shut in 2011. Today the prison receives minimum to medium-security male inmates with an operational capacity of 64 prisoners.
Extended Data
- Convict
- Other
- Female
- Female
- Male
- Male
- Aboriginal
- Other
- Children
- Other
Sources
TLCMap IDtd6e71 Linkback
Created At2024-11-21 07:02:12 Updated At2024-11-21 07:02:12
Details
Latitude-19.3504 Longitude146.844 Start Date1898 End Date2999
Description
This is the longest continually operating prison in Queensland. First opened in 1893 as Her Majesty's Penal Establishment Stewart's Creek, today it is known as the Townsville Correctional Centre. It has a diverse prison population of low to high-security male and female inmates, with a maximum operational capacity of 1,178 prisoners.
Extended Data
- Convict
- Other
- Female
- Female
- Male
- Male
- Aboriginal
- Other
- Children
- Other
Sources
TLCMap IDtd6e67 Linkback
Created At2024-11-21 07:02:12 Updated At2024-11-21 07:02:12
Details
Latitude-33.9699 Longitude151.246 Start Date1909 End Date2999
Description
Long Bay was constructed as a replacement for Darlinghurst Gaol. The women's prison opened first in 1909, with the men's prison opening in 1914. The women's prison was vacated in 1970 after the opening of the Silverwater Women's Correctional Centre, and the former Long Bay women's facility was converted to a minimum-security prison for men. In 1975, a supermax prison block was completed at Long Bay, known as Katingal, designed to house terrorists and the most problematic prisoners in the system. The facility became the focus of mostly critical media attention, and was heavily criticised during proceedings of the Nagle Royal Commission into New South Wales prisons, leading to its closure in 1977. Today it is a minimum to maximum-security prison for men with a capacity for 1,200 inmates.
Extended Data
- Convict
- Other
- Female
- Female
- Male
- Other
- Aboriginal
- Other
- Children
- Other
Details
Latitude-33.7381 Longitude150.669 Start Date1914 End Date2999
Description
Emu Plains Prison Farm was established to accommodate male inmates who it was felt could be rehabilitated by workplace training at the prison's working dairy farm. The facility was remodelled to become the Emu Plains Training Centre in 1957, and as the Emu Plains Detention Centre in 1976. In 1994 the male prisoners were transferred to other centres and the property became the Emu Plains Correctional Centre, a minimum-security prison for women. Inmates are employed in the dairy, and programs are in place to permit inmates close contact with their children, who in some circumstances can stay at the prison with their mothers.
Extended Data
- Convict
- Other
- Female
- Female
- Male
- Male
- Aboriginal
- Other
- Children
- Other
Sources
TLCMap IDtd6e72 Linkback
Created At2024-11-21 07:02:12 Updated At2024-11-21 07:02:12
Details
Latitude-35.7997 Longitude147.941 Start Date1930 End Date2999
Description
The Brookfield Afforestation Camp was established at Mannus in 1930 to provide male prisoners with a modified form of prison life that would enable them to acquire skills that could be used on release, such as tree-planting, building maintenance, vegetable growing, dairy farming and pig raising. In 1992 the facility became the Mannus Correctional Centre. Today it is primarily a minimum-security prison for men, although it also acts as a Periodic Detention Centre at weekends for both men and women undergoing periodic detention orders while working on community projects. The facility has accommodations for 164 inmates.
Extended Data
- Convict
- Other
- Female
- Female
- Male
- Male
- Aboriginal
- Other
- Children
- Other
Sources
TLCMap IDtd6e73 Linkback
Created At2024-11-21 07:02:12 Updated At2024-11-21 07:02:12
Details
Latitude-42.8102 Longitude147.343 Start Date1963 End Date2999
Description
A minimum to maximum security prison for women that can hold up to 45 inmates, and also provides accommodation for prisoners' children. It is located adjacent to the Risdon Prison Complex for men.
Extended Data
- Convict
- Other
- Female
- Female
- Male
- Other
- Aboriginal
- Other
- Children
- Other
Sources
TLCMap IDtd6e88 Linkback
Created At2024-11-21 07:02:12 Updated At2024-11-21 07:02:12
Details
Latitude-34.8453 Longitude138.642 Start Date1969 End Date2999
Description
A 156-bed, low to high security prison for women. Unlike prisons elsewhere in Australia, this prison does not have facilities for babies to stay with their mothers while they serve their sentence, making South Australia the only state without such such a facility.
Extended Data
- Convict
- Other
- Female
- Female
- Male
- Other
- Aboriginal
- Other
- Children
- Other
Sources
TLCMap IDtd6e89 Linkback
Created At2024-11-21 07:02:12 Updated At2024-11-21 07:02:12
Details
Latitude-33.8308 Longitude151.055 Start Date1970 End Date2999
Description
Silverwater Correctional Centre was established as a women's prison in 1970. The facilities at the site expanded across the 1980s and 1990s, and today it holds both minimum-security male inmates and maximum-security female inmates.
Extended Data
- Convict
- Other
- Female
- Female
- Male
- Male
- Aboriginal
- Other
- Children
- Other
Sources
TLCMap IDtd6e68 Linkback
Created At2024-11-21 07:02:12 Updated At2024-11-21 07:02:12
Details
Latitude-31.862 Longitude115.996 Start Date1971 End Date2999
Description
When it opened in 1971 this correctional facility was called Bandyup Training Centre, and was built to hold 68 women. Over time it has grown to hold up to 259 inmates, and been rechristened Bandyup Women's Prison. From the early 2000s through to 2015 there were reports of significant overcrowding at the prison, which forced women to sleep on mattresses on the floor. The opening of the Melaleuca Remand and Reintegration Facility in 2016 was intended to relieve the pressure on Bandyup.
Extended Data
- Convict
- Other
- Female
- Female
- Male
- Other
- Aboriginal
- Other
- Children
- Other
Sources
TLCMap IDtd6e8a Linkback
Created At2024-11-21 07:02:12 Updated At2024-11-21 07:02:12
Details
Latitude-41.4331 Longitude147.144 Start Date1976 End Date2999
Description
Located in Cimitiere Street, this maximum security prison receives both male and female inmates under remand while awaiting trial.
Extended Data
- Convict
- Other
- Female
- Female
- Male
- Male
- Aboriginal
- Other
- Children
- Other
Sources
TLCMap IDtd6e69 Linkback
Created At2024-11-21 07:02:12 Updated At2024-11-21 07:02:12
Details
Latitude-28.8356 Longitude114.701 Start Date1984 End Date2999
Description
A 323-bed, minimum to medium-security prison for men and women, as well as maximum-security prisoners awaiting trial. In 2010 a report on conditions at the prison found that the facility was overcrowded, with up to three inmates forced to share cells that were designed to hold only one.
Extended Data
- Convict
- Other
- Female
- Female
- Male
- Male
- Aboriginal
- Other
- Children
- Other
Sources
TLCMap IDtd6e75 Linkback
Created At2024-11-21 07:02:12 Updated At2024-11-21 07:02:12
Details
Latitude-20.7212 Longitude117.133 Start Date1984 End Date2999
Description
A minimum to medium-security?prison for men and women, although it also has capacity to accommodate short-term maximum-security prisoners. It can house up to 161 inmates.
Extended Data
- Convict
- Other
- Female
- Female
- Male
- Male
- Aboriginal
- Other
- Children
- Other
Sources
TLCMap IDtd6e76 Linkback
Created At2024-11-21 07:02:12 Updated At2024-11-21 07:02:12
Details
Latitude-36.9777 Longitude144.048 Start Date1988 End Date2999
Description
A 54-bed, minimum-security women's prison that focuses on preparing women for release by providing programs and employment opportunities.
Extended Data
- Convict
- Other
- Female
- Female
- Male
- Other
- Aboriginal
- Other
- Children
- Other
Sources
TLCMap IDtd6e8b Linkback
Created At2024-11-21 07:02:12 Updated At2024-11-21 07:02:12
Details
Latitude-37.8575 Longitude140.685 Start Date1995 End Date2999
Description
A low to medium-security prison for males, although it also has accommodations for short-term, high-security male and female prisoners as required. It is privately managed by G4S.
Extended Data
- Convict
- Other
- Female
- Female
- Male
- Male
- Aboriginal
- Other
- Children
- Other
Sources
TLCMap IDtd6e6a Linkback
Created At2024-11-21 07:02:12 Updated At2024-11-21 07:02:12
Details
Latitude-37.7805 Longitude144.743 Start Date1996 End Date2999
Description
A maximum-security, 520-bed women's prison. In 2003 a male prison guard was charged with raping a mentally ill inmate at the facility after DNA tests revealed he was the father of a child conceived after she was committed to the prison. Now known as the Dame Phyllis Frost Centre.
Extended Data
- Convict
- Other
- Female
- Female
- Male
- Other
- Aboriginal
- Other
- Children
- Other
Sources
TLCMap IDtd6e85 Linkback
Created At2024-11-21 07:02:12 Updated At2024-11-21 07:02:12
Details
Latitude-28.1633 Longitude153.212 Start Date1997 End Date2999
Description
This centre houses 104 male prisoners and has an annex with housing for 25 female prisoners, a mix of short and long-term.
Extended Data
- Convict
- Other
- Female
- Female
- Male
- Male
- Aboriginal
- Other
- Children
- Other
Sources
TLCMap IDtd6e6b Linkback
Created At2024-11-21 07:02:12 Updated At2024-11-21 07:02:12
Details
Latitude-42.8793 Longitude147.329 Start Date1999 End Date2999
Description
An maximum-security, 50-bed prison for male and female inmates remanded for trial.
Extended Data
- Convict
- Other
- Female
- Female
- Male
- Male
- Aboriginal
- Other
- Children
- Other
Sources
TLCMap IDtd6e6c Linkback
Created At2024-11-21 07:02:12 Updated At2024-11-21 07:02:12
Details
Latitude-27.5839 Longitude152.907 Start Date1999 End Date2999
Description
A female prison with capacity to hold 270 inmates.
Extended Data
- Convict
- Other
- Female
- Female
- Male
- Other
- Aboriginal
- Other
- Children
- Other
Sources
TLCMap IDtd6e81 Linkback
Created At2024-11-21 07:02:12 Updated At2024-11-21 07:02:12
Details
Latitude-33.6491 Longitude150.782 Start Date2004 End Date2999
Description
A medium-security, 260-bed facility for female prisoners. There is a wildlife centre behind the gaol where some of the inmates work.
Extended Data
- Convict
- Other
- Female
- Female
- Male
- Other
- Aboriginal
- Other
- Children
- Other
Sources
TLCMap IDtd6e82 Linkback
Created At2024-11-21 07:02:12 Updated At2024-11-21 07:02:12
Details
Latitude-31.0686 Longitude152.753 Start Date2004 End Date2999
Description
A minimum to medium-security prison for males and females with capacity for housing 500 inmates.
Extended Data
- Convict
- Other
- Female
- Female
- Male
- Male
- Aboriginal
- Other
- Children
- Other
Sources
TLCMap IDtd6e6d Linkback
Created At2024-11-21 07:02:12 Updated At2024-11-21 07:02:12
Details
Latitude-32.002 Longitude115.897 Start Date2004 End Date2999
Description
A minimum-security, 95-bed facility for female prisoners preparing for reintegration into the community.
Extended Data
- Convict
- Other
- Female
- Female
- Male
- Other
- Aboriginal
- Other
- Children
- Other
Sources
TLCMap IDtd6e83 Linkback
Created At2024-11-21 07:02:12 Updated At2024-11-21 07:02:12
Details
Latitude-32.5048 Longitude148.982 Start Date2007 End Date2999
Description
A maximum-security prison for males and females, both those under sentence and awaiting trial. It has capacity for 750 inmates.
Extended Data
- Convict
- Other
- Female
- Female
- Male
- Male
- Aboriginal
- Other
- Children
- Other
Sources
TLCMap IDtd6e6e Linkback
Created At2024-11-21 07:02:12 Updated At2024-11-21 07:02:12
Details
Latitude-35.3689 Longitude149.17 Start Date2008 End Date2999
Description
A minimum to maximum-security prison and remand centre for male and female inmates, with a capacity for 300 prisoners. It is the first prison in Australia that was purpose built to meet international human rights obligations. The centre is named in honour of nineteenth-century penal reformer?Alexander Maconochie, who worked in the penal colonies at Van Diemen's Land and Norfolk Island.?
Extended Data
- Convict
- Other
- Female
- Female
- Male
- Male
- Aboriginal
- Other
- Children
- Other
Sources
TLCMap IDtd6e6f Linkback
Created At2024-11-21 07:02:12 Updated At2024-11-21 07:02:12
Details
Latitude-17.3531 Longitude123.679 Start Date2012 End Date2999
Description
A minimum to medium-security prison with accommodations for 120 male and 30 female prisoners. This architecture award-winning facility consists of 42 buildings, and is specifically designed to meet the needs of and provide programs for Aboriginal prisoners.
Extended Data
- Convict
- Other
- Female
- Female
- Male
- Male
- Aboriginal
- Aboriginal
- Children
- Other
Sources
TLCMap IDtd6e5c Linkback
Created At2024-11-21 07:02:11 Updated At2024-11-21 07:02:11
Details
Latitude-30.7906 Longitude121.479 Start Date2016 End Date2999
Description
A medium-security facility for both male and female prisoners, it also has the capacity to manage maximum security prisoners when required. Its total capacity is 367 prisoners.
Extended Data
- Convict
- Other
- Female
- Female
- Male
- Male
- Aboriginal
- Other
- Children
- Other
Sources
TLCMap IDtd6e70 Linkback
Created At2024-11-21 07:02:12 Updated At2024-11-21 07:02:12
Details
Latitude-32.1042 Longitude115.921 Start Date2016 End Date2999
Description
A privately-managed, maximum-security prison with accommodations for 254 female prisoners.
Extended Data
- Convict
- Other
- Female
- Female
- Male
- Other
- Aboriginal
- Other
- Children
- Other
Sources
TLCMap IDtd6e84 Linkback
Created At2024-11-21 07:02:12 Updated At2024-11-21 07:02:12
