ghap_id,layer_id,title,record_type,description,latitude,longitude,datestart,dateend,source,linkback,created_at,updated_at,linked_dataitem_uid,Source_ID,LanguageGroup,Colony,StateOrTerritory,PoliceDistrict,Victims,VictimsDead,VictimDescription,Attackers,AttackersDead,AttackerDescription,CorroborationRating,AboriginalPlaceName,War,Stage,Region,Period
te16f7,2506,"Hawkesbury (1)",Event,"This incident is the first recorded frontier massacre in Australia.  According to David Collins (Collins in Fletcher 1975, p 326), 'At the Hawkesbury, ��� a settler there and his servant were nearly murdered in their sleep by some natives from the woods, who stole upon them with such secrecy, as to wound and overpower them before they could procure assistance. The servant was so much hurt by them with spears and clubs, as to be in danger of losing his life. A few days after this circumstance, a body of natives having attacked the settlers, and carried off all their clothes and provisions, and whatever else they could lay their hands on, the sufferers [on 1 September 1795] collected what arms they could, and following them, seven or eight of the plunderers were killed on the spot.' (Collins in Fletcher 1975, Vol.1, p 326) Historian Ian Turbet notes that this 'was the largest recorded number of Aborigines killed in a single encounter since the arrival of the First Fleet' (Turbet, 2011, p 81). According to historian Stephen Gapps, Parramatta magistrate Richard Atkins also recorded the massacre, and said that six Bediagal were killed (Gapps 2018, p.109).",-33.592,150.821,1794-09-01,1794-09-01,"Fletcher [Collins] 1975, Vol.1, p 326; Turbet 2011, p 81; Gapps 2018, p.109.",https://c21ch.newcastle.edu.au/colonialmassacres/detail.php?r=561,"2025-08-11 14:42:14","2025-08-11 14:42:14",td0cc3,561,Bediagal,NSW,NSW,Parramatta,"Aboriginal or Torres Strait Islander People",7,Aboriginal,Colonists,0,Settler(s),**,Dyarubbin,Sydney,Hawkesbury,East,Early
te16f8,2506,"Hawkesbury (2)",Event,"Following an alleged killing of two settlers by Bediagal people in May 1795, Capt Paterson of the NSW Corps despatched two subalterns  and 66 soldiers to the Hawkesbury with orders to, 'drive the natives to a distance' and, in the hope of striking terror, 'to erect gibbets in different places, whereon the bodies of all they might kill were to be hung.' (Collins in Fletcher 1975, p 348) According to military historian John Connor, 'on their arrival the detachment forced an Aboriginal boy to reveal the location of a Darug group, probably members of the Bediagal. That night the soldiers made contact with the Darug in the forest not far from the farms. The roar of muskets filled the night air, followed by the screams of the wounded and dying. The soldiers saw seven or eight of the [Bediagal] fall down in the undergrowth, but when they went out next morning to find the bodies and string them up they found that the [Bediagal]  had carried away their comrades' bodies during the night.' (Connor 2002, p 38)",-33.537,150.805,1795-06-07,1795-06-07,"Collin in Fletcher 1975, p 348-9;  Connor 2002, p 38.",https://c21ch.newcastle.edu.au/colonialmassacres/detail.php?r=562,"2025-08-11 14:42:14","2025-08-11 14:42:14",td0cc5,562,Bediagal,NSW,NSW,Parramatta,"Aboriginal or Torres Strait Islander People",7,Aboriginal,Colonists,0,Soldier(s),*,Dyarubbin,Sydney,Hawkesbury,East,Early
te16f9,2506,"Yarramundi, Hawkesbury River",Event,"According to the 'Sydney Gazette', 5 May 1805, p.3, on the previous Sunday 28 April 1805,  'several groups [of Aboriginal people] were assaulted near the Mountains, among whom Yaragowhy, Charley and four or five others are said to have fallen.' On page 1 of the same edition of the 'Sydney Gazette', Acting Secretary G Blaxcell stated that Governor King was distributing detachments from the New South Wales Corp in response to murders by the 'natives' among the out-settlements, that settlers were required to assist each other in repelling visits by the natives, and that any settler harbouring a 'native' would be prosecuted.  On 12 May 1805, further information about the pursuit and the massacre appeared in the 'Sydney Gazette' and about Yaragowhy in particular, who was well known among the Hawkesbury settlers. According to historian Stephen Gapps the number killed in the massacre 'may have been higher than seven or eight' (Gapps, 2018, p 173).",-33.561,150.876,1805-04-27,1805-04-27,"<i>Sydney Gazette and New South Wales Advertiser</i> May 5, 1805 - <a href=""https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/626753/6111"">https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/626753/6111</a> and May 12, 1805 - <a href=""https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/page/6115"">https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/page/6115</a>; Gapps 2018, p 173.",https://c21ch.newcastle.edu.au/colonialmassacres/detail.php?r=563,"2025-08-11 14:42:14","2025-08-11 14:42:14",td0cc7,563,Bediagal/Dharug,NSW,NSW,"Green Hills (Windsor)","Aboriginal or Torres Strait Islander People",7,Aboriginal,Colonists,0,"Government Official(s), Settler(s), Soldier(s)",***,Dyarubbin,Sydney,Hawkesbury,East,Early
te16fb,2506,Appin,Event,"At 1:00 am on 17 April 1816, a party of the 46th Regiment led by Captain James Wallis came across an Aboriginal camp on the cliffs above a creek. According to military historian, John Connor, 'Wallis ordered his troops into a line and advanced into the camp in the moonlight, killing seven Aborigines���. Wallis did not send any men around the camp to cut off people fleeing the advancing line and according to Wallis a further seven ""met their fate by rushing in despair over the precipice"".' (Connor 2002, p.51)  According to Connor, 'Two women and three men were captured.'  'The bodies of two men, Durelle and Kanabygal, who were allegedly Aboriginal chiefs, were hauled from the creek and hanged on McGee's Hill near Boughton's farm' (Connor 2002, p 51).",-34.23,150.742,1816-04-17,1816-04-17,"Wallis to Macquarie, May 4, June 4, 1816, in Connor 2002, p 51; Elder 2003, p 25.",https://c21ch.newcastle.edu.au/colonialmassacres/detail.php?r=565,"2025-08-11 14:42:14","2025-08-11 14:42:14",td0ccb,565,Gundungurra,NSW,NSW,Parramatta,"Aboriginal or Torres Strait Islander People",14,Aboriginal,Colonists,0,"Foot Soldier(s)",***,,Sydney,South,East,Early
te16fc,2506,"Minnamurra River, South Coast",Event,"Lt Weston, owner of a property at Dapto, Cornelius O'Brien, overseer of William Browne's property at Yallah and seven labourers and convict workers, attacked an Aboriginal campsite and fired muskets at them (Elder 2003, pp25-6). 'Bundle, a Native came and told me that the Natives (Men and Women) at the river were all killed.' (Wild n.d.)",-34.633,150.839,1818-10-01,1818-10-01,"Depositions to the Sydney Bench, October 24, 1818; Report by Joseph Wild, District Constable at Illawarra n.d.; Elder 2003, p 25-6.",https://c21ch.newcastle.edu.au/colonialmassacres/detail.php?r=566,"2025-08-11 14:42:14","2025-08-11 14:42:14",td0ccd,566,Dharawal,NSW,NSW,Sydney,"Aboriginal or Torres Strait Islander People",6,Aboriginal,Colonists,0,"Settler(s), Overseer(s)",***,,Sydney,South,East,Early
