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Alternate Names: <\/strong>The Bathurst War, Windradyne’s War<\/p>\r\n

Aboriginal people:<\/strong> Wiradjuri (alt. Wiradyuri), Burra Burra, Gundungurra<\/p>\r\n

Named Aboriginal people:<\/strong> Windradyne (Saturday), Aaron (Ering), Blucher, Jingler (Gingler), Simon, Joe, Sunday (Murundah), Diana ‘Mudgee’ Collins, Jackey, Taylor, Charley, Congo-gal, Jimmy Lambert, Peggy Lambert, Scrammy, Cookoogong, Friday, Penneegrah<\/p>\r\n

Colonial Forces: <\/strong>40th Regiment of Foot, colonial militia, armed settlers.<\/p>\r\n

Notable Colonists: <\/strong>Major James Morisset, William Lawson, William Cox<\/p>\r\n

Listen: <\/strong><\/p>\r\n

The War on Wiradjuri has never ended | The Blak Lens | NITV, Dec 17, 2024
https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=Asq-RPvPyWo<\/a><\/p>\r\n

Push for Bathurst to grapple with its brutal past in Wiradyuri-led truth-telling project, 14 Aug 1824
https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=s94k3VHAouM<\/a><\/p>\r\n

When the War is Over | Ep 5 | ABC Iview | November 2025 | https:\/\/iview.abc.net.au\/video\/AC2415H005S00<\/a><\/p>\r\n

Narrative:<\/strong><\/p>\r\n

The fightback against the colonists and their tens of thousands of sheep and cattle that were entering Wiradjuri Country was announced by warriors in 1823. They told colonists in no uncertain terms that the Wiradyuri were going to ‘tumble down white man’ – to kill all the white men (Alsop and Booth, 1823: 340). 
In early 1824, the colonists at Bathurst noted that all the Wiradyuri who had been coming into the settlements and outstations – who had assisted the colonists in guiding and tracking and worked with them since 1815 – had suddenly ceased doing so. Communications between Wiradyuri and the colonists completely stopped (Morisset to Goulburn, 1824: 73; Lawson to Lawson, 1824: 37). In late May 1824, Wiradyuri tactics shifted to a new level. Threats to “tumble down white fellows” were carried out in a series of bloody raids that sent shock waves throughout the entire colony. Full-scale attacks on outstations began right across the region, from the Turon River in the north to O’Connell Plains in the south, as Wiradyuri warbands mobilised. They were under the leadership of men ­- only some of whose traditional names we know today - such as Blucher, Jingler, Simon, Joe, Sunday and Saturday - more famously known as Windradyne (Gapps, 2021: 125-157).
The resistance in 1824 was total and widespread across the Central West region of New South Wales, with conflict stretching from near Merriwa in the upper Hunter Valley region, to present day Mudgee and Rylestone, and to the south of Bathurst near Blayney (Gapps, Gudyarra, 2021: 125-157).
In early June 1824, people in the township of Bathurst witnessed a cart trundling through the streets with 7 dead convict stockworkers’ bodies heaped in it (Sydney Gazette, 12 August 1824: 2). Stockworkers across the Bathurst and Kings Plains were reported to be ‘\"obliged to stay in the Huts and save their own lives\" (Dunn to Palmer, November 1823: 329). Hundreds of cattle and sheep had either been killed or dispersed, or had been gathered up into herds and claimed by Wiradjuri people (Gapps 2021: 171-2). 
By July 1824, the number of dead colonists had risen to 20, with numerous others wounded  (‘Honestus’, 12 August 1824: 4). The pastoralists and stockholders of Sydney were in an uproar, clamouring for military intervention. A man writing under the name of Fidelis (very likely William Cox, an ex-army officer, first commandant of Bathurst, and with thousands of his own sheep and cattle in the district) wrote to the Sydney Gazette that the Wiradyuri were about 'to crush the flourishing prospects of our little Colony'. ('Fidelis', 12 August 1824: 4) It also seems to have been William Cox who suggested in a meeting with Governor Brisbane that the colonists should form 'one extended line' of soldiers and armed settlers to sweep the Bathurst Plains – a plan later and infamously conducted in Tasmania, called the Black Line. By early August, several colonists in Bathurst described the situation as 'war'.. (Bannister 1830: 124; Gapps 2021: 125-157)
Instead of a Black Line, martial law was declared west of the Blue Mountains and the military garrison reinforced. Commandant Morisset responded with a sweep of three \"divisions\" of soldiers and armed colonists across the region. The coordinated movements of these units of around 15 to 20 soldiers and armed settlers led by Magistrates was designed to capture or kill the resistance leaders, and to \"repress future violences\" (Sydney Gazette<\/em>, 16 September 1824: 2). 
But it was not the military that ended the Bathurst War. Despite traversing a vast area of terrain (one division travelling to the Hunter River to the north), Morisset's forces failed to contact any warriors or, as magistrate Ranken disappointedly wrote, failed \"seeing the enemy\". Ranken was, clear that the colonists at Bathurst were in a state of war (Ranken Letters, 1824-30: 1244). 
In fact it was the well mounted and well armed parties of settlers and convicts who killed indiscriminately, such as that led by ex-Sergeant Thomas Miller who set out with 20 armed men (quote) \"to hunt down the blacks\". Miller later admitted in his memoirs they (quote) \"shot and killed any they came across little and big young and old shared the same fate\" ('Thomas Miller' 1895).
The northeast Wiradyuri campaign of warfare against the colonists at Bathurst forced Governor Brisbane to declare martial law west of the Blue Mountains in August 1824 ('Martial Law', Sydney Gazette 19 August 1824: 1). The Bathurst War, or the First Wiradyuri War, was ended not by the soldiers that were sent to the area, but by the heavily armed parties of stockmen and farmers who conducted massacres. From August 1824 there were no more attacks on colonists, and by December Windradyne famously led his people across the Blue Mountains to Parramatta to meet Governor Brisbane (Gapps 2021: 158-194) and for a peace celebration (The Sydney Gazette<\/em>, 30 Dec 1824: 2). Perhaps Wyndradyne expected some form of negotiated settlement or agreement. Instead, the Wiradyuri received a feast and blankets and the colonising juggernaut rolled on across their Country.<\/p>\r\n

Contributor: Stephen Gapps, 2025<\/em><\/p>\r\n

Sources<\/strong><\/p>\r\n

Alsop and Booth, 1823. 'Re cattle killed by Natives', September 1823, Colonial Secretary’s Papers, Main Series of Letters Received, 1788–1826, State Records NSW, NRS 897, 6065, 4\/1798, , pp. 340-342<\/p>\r\n

Bannister, S., 1830. Humane Policy: or Justice to the Aborigines of New Settlements etc.<\/em>, Underwood, London<\/p>\r\n

Dunn, 1824. 'Inquest into the death of Peter Bray', 1824, SRNSW, NRS 897, 6065, 4\/1798, p. 312<\/p>\r\n

Dunn to Palmer, November 1823. SRNSW, NRS 897, 6065, 4\/1798, p. 329<\/p>\r\n

'Fidelis', 1824. Sydney Gazette <\/em>and New South Wales Advertiser<\/em>, 12 August 1824, p. 4 https:\/\/trove.nla.gov.au\/newspaper\/article\/2183114\/494904<\/a><\/p>\r\n

Gapps, S., 2021. Gudyarra. The first Wiradjuri War of Resistance - The Bathurst War, 1822–1824<\/em>, NewSouth Press, Sydney<\/p>\r\n

'Honestus', 1824. Sydney Gazette <\/em>and New South Wales Advertiser<\/em>, 12 August 1824, p. 4 https:\/\/trove.nla.gov.au\/newspaper\/article\/2183111\/494904<\/a><\/p>\r\n

'Martial Law', 1824. Sydney Gazette <\/em>and New South Wales Advertiser<\/em>,<\/em> 19 August 1824, p. 1 https:\/\/trove.nla.gov.au\/newspaper\/article\/2183147<\/a><\/p>\r\n

Morisset to Goulburn, 25 June 1824, SRNSW, NRS 897, 6065, 4\/1800, p. 73<\/p>\r\n

Ranken Family Letters, 1824-30, Mitchell Library, State Library of New South Wales, ML MSS, Doc 1244<\/p>\r\n

The Sydney Gazette and New South Wales Advertiser,<\/em> 30 December 1824, p. 2 https:\/\/trove.nla.gov.au\/newspaper\/article\/2183548<\/a><\/p>\r\n

Sydney Gazette <\/em>and New South Wales Advertiser<\/em>, 16 September 1824, p. 2 https:\/\/trove.nla.gov.au\/newspaper\/page\/494925<\/a><\/p>\r\n

'Thomas Miller' 1895-1902, Bathurst and District Historical Society Museum Archives, Folio 10<\/p>\r\n

William Lawson Junior to Nelson Lawson, 14 June 1824, in Beard (ed.) Old Ironbark: Some unpublished correspondence from and to William Lawson etc.<\/em>, The Wentworth Press, Sydney, 1967<\/p>", "warning": "

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Morisset st Lt Lowe to Mr Cox's after Chamberlained sighted Wiradjuri people, but they found none.A<\/p>", "id": "td3b63", "source": "

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Morisset sends detachment of 4 privates to Wellington Valley.A<\/p>", "id": "td3b64", "source": "

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While it remains unclear what occurred, it seems that \u2018some natives\u2019 had been killed and some \u2018white people\u2019 then spread word the Europeans were under threat from Murrah-Murrah and his warriors.", "id": "te0180", "source": "Throsby to Macquarie, rc\u2019d 30 April 1820, SRNSW, 9\/2743, p. 139; Throsby to Macquarie, May 3 1820, SRNSW, 9\/2743, p. 143\u201344. The Lachlan River was known as the \u2018western river\u2019, but it is unclear who Murrah-Murrah was and from which area. Murundah of the Burra Burra may well have been known to Throsby by this point. It seems he meant the \u2018ringleaders\u2019 were Aboriginal people who had travelled east and met him at Bargo. 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But when there was \u2018interference\u2019 with the women, the warriors\u2019 \u2018hostility was aroused\u2019. Warriors then \u2018drove the armed stockmen away\u2019, released cattle from the yards and killed numbers of sheep. One of the Coxes\u2019 stockmen galloped his horse to Bathurst to report \u2018the blacks had murdered his mate, looted the hut and dispersed the cattle\u2019. arming \u2018half a dozen men at Bathurst\u2019, including Richard Lewis, who was still working for the Coxes after supervising the convicts on Cox\u2019s road in 1815. While the armed party rode off through the Turon hills towards Mudgee, George\u2019s brother Henry sent for military help, requesting \u20183 soldiers to be allowed to be sent from Bathurst to our station to protect our people and property\u2019. the stockmen at \u2018Menah\u2019 had abandoned the place, and it was being guarded by two Wiradyjuri men. 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But Cox, Lewis and the other stockmen (six in total including Lewis, excluding Cox) \u2013 and possibly the Wiradyjuri men Friday and Aaron \u2013 \u2018were well provided with fire-arms and ammunition\u2019. \u2018for two hours desultory fighting was maintained. Holes made through the slabs gave the men a splendid opportunity of taking good aim and to watch the movements of their crafty foes\u2019. According to George Henry, during the battle \u2018about half a dozen blacks were shot, while the defenders (with the exception of poor \u201cFriday\u201d, who becoming too venturesome, went outside when a spear was thrown, hitting the poor fellow in a vital part) came through the ordeal un-scathed\u2019. 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Lawson\u2019s \u2018Hut Keeper\u2019 at Dirty Swamp was William Mowbray (or Maybrow). Another of Lawson\u2019s men, \u2018Government servant\u2019 Charles Hatt, turned up at Mowbray\u2019s hut just before sunset on 25 March. Hatt later reported he found Mowbray in the company of four Aboriginal men, one of whom he knew as \u2018Guyett\u2019. They had \u2018eight spears\u2019 and \u2018two waddys\u2019 but did not appear hostile or threatening to Hatt. Mowbray then apparently left the hut with two of the men in search of some missing cattle. With nothing to prick his suspicions, Hatt left Guyett and the other man at the hut while he also went to see if he could find the cattle. Returning alone ten minutes later, Hatt said he was struck down from behind. He could not say who it was, but that there were no other Wiradyjuri he saw \u2018but the two Blacks which where left in the Hut by me\u2019. \nHatt was later taken to Bathurst for treatment, and his injuries included a large incision \u2018an inch in diameter\u2019 on his neck that \u2018appeared to be inflicted by a Sharp Instrument\u2019, according to the medical officer, Davies. Mowbray never returned to the hut. His body was found several days later, not far away, \u2018quite naked except for the left wristband of a Red Shirt which remained round his arm\u2019; \u2018his shoes were lying a few yards from him\u2019. The following day a \u2018waddy [wooden club] belonging to the Black natives\u2019 was also discovered about 400 metres from where Mowbray had lain. The inquest into Mowbray\u2019s death pronounced a \u2018verdict of willful murder\u2019 against a Wiradyjuri man named \u2018Guyett\u2019 and \u2018three other Black Natives\u2019.", "id": "te0184", "source": "\u2018Inquest held at Bathurst\u2019, 30 March 1822, SRNSW, NRS 897, Reel 6021, 4\/1819, pp. 449\u201354; \u2018Killed by natives\u2019, 10 April 1822, SRNSW, NRS 897, Reel 6065, 4\/1798, p. 135; List of convicts employed by William Lawson, May 1823, SRNSW, NRS 897, 6058, 4\/1771, pp. 312a\u2013b, 313a; 6062, 4\/1782, pp. 51c, 57a. Lawson to Goulburn, 10 April 1822, SRNSW, 6065, 4\/1798, pp. 135\u201338.", "datestart": "1822-03-25", "dateend": "1822-03-25", "udatestart": -4663303492000, "udateend": -4663303492000, "latitude": "-33.51437115", "longitude": "149.7761178", "linkback": "https:\/\/australianwars.net", "TLCMapLinkBack": "https:\/\/tlcmap.org\/search?id=te0184", "TLCMapDataset": "https:\/\/tlcmap.org\/publicdatasets\/2008" }, "display": { "popup": { "links": [ { "text": "TLCMap Record: te0184", "link": "https:\/\/tlcmap.org\/search?id=te0184" }, { "text": "TLCMap Layer", "link": "https:\/\/tlcmap.org\/publicdatasets\/2008" } ] }, "source": { "TLCMapID": { "id": "te0184", "url": "https:\/\/tlcmap.org\/search?id=te0184" }, "Layer": { "name": "First Wiradjuri War and Resistance (community contributed)", "url": "https:\/\/tlcmap.org\/publicdatasets\/2008" } } } }, { "type": "Feature", "geometry": { "type": "Point", "coordinates": [ 149.31557178, -33.49761976 ] }, "properties": { "name": "Raids", "placename": "Kings Plains", "description": "Raids across Kings Plains during late 1822, based on later reports from Judge Advocate Wylde to Colonial Secretary Goulburn that there were \u2018incidents\u2019 reported by Wylde\u2019s overseer Andrew Dunn to Commandant Lawson that were not acted upon. ", "id": "te0185", "source": "Davidson, \u2018The development of the pastoral industry\u2019, pp. 82, 89; McKay, \u2018Wylde, Sir John (1781\u20131859)\u2019, ADB; Steven, \u2018Palmer, George Thomas (1784\u20131854)\u2019, ADB", "datestart": "1822-09-01", "dateend": "1822-12-31", "udatestart": -4649479492000, "udateend": -4639025092000, "latitude": "-33.49761976", "longitude": "149.31557178", "linkback": "https:\/\/australianwars.net", "TLCMapLinkBack": "https:\/\/tlcmap.org\/search?id=te0185", "TLCMapDataset": "https:\/\/tlcmap.org\/publicdatasets\/2008" }, "display": { "popup": { "links": [ { "text": "TLCMap Record: te0185", "link": "https:\/\/tlcmap.org\/search?id=te0185" }, { "text": "TLCMap Layer", "link": "https:\/\/tlcmap.org\/publicdatasets\/2008" } ] }, "source": { "TLCMapID": { "id": "te0185", "url": "https:\/\/tlcmap.org\/search?id=te0185" }, "Layer": { "name": "First Wiradjuri War and Resistance (community contributed)", "url": "https:\/\/tlcmap.org\/publicdatasets\/2008" } } } }, { "type": "Feature", "geometry": { "type": "Point", "coordinates": [ 149.30797577, -33.49931965 ] }, "properties": { "name": "Raid on hut", "placename": "Wylde\u2019s \u2018further Station\u2019 at Kings Plains", "description": "stockman Henry Alsop was armed but alone in a hut when, according to Wylde\u2019s overseer Andrew Dunn, a group of Wiradyjuri approached. They suddenly attacked Alsop, who was \u2018cut in a most shocking manner\u2019. Then, \u2018one of the natives got the loaded Gun, which was discharged\u2019. Soon after, \u2018two other Stockmen Booth and Butcher\u2019 arrived at the hut and \u2018a general severe affray took place amongst them, during which one of the blacks was shot dead on the spot\u2019. \nAccording to Dunn, \u2018Some of the blacks, while others were engaged with the Stockmen, plundered the Hut of everything\u2019 before they left. ", "id": "te0186", "source": "\u2018Re: inquest into death of Peter Bray\u2019, SRNSW, NRS 897, 4\/1798, 6065, pp. 312\u201313", "datestart": "1823-07-20", "dateend": "1823-07-20", "udatestart": -4621658692000, "udateend": -4621658692000, "latitude": "-33.49931965", "longitude": "149.30797577", "linkback": "https:\/\/australianwars.net", "TLCMapLinkBack": "https:\/\/tlcmap.org\/search?id=te0186", "TLCMapDataset": "https:\/\/tlcmap.org\/publicdatasets\/2008" }, "display": { "popup": { "links": [ { "text": "TLCMap Record: te0186", "link": "https:\/\/tlcmap.org\/search?id=te0186" }, { "text": "TLCMap Layer", "link": "https:\/\/tlcmap.org\/publicdatasets\/2008" } ] }, "source": { "TLCMapID": { "id": "te0186", "url": "https:\/\/tlcmap.org\/search?id=te0186" }, "Layer": { "name": "First Wiradjuri War and Resistance (community contributed)", "url": "https:\/\/tlcmap.org\/publicdatasets\/2008" } } } }, { "type": "Feature", "geometry": { "type": "Point", "coordinates": [ 149.31956291, -33.4974945 ] }, "properties": { "name": "cattle killed and Cows in calf overdriven", "placename": "Wylde's stations at Kings Plains", "description": "according to Wylde, \u2018our private loss has already proved considerable in cattle killed and Cows in calf overdriven - the toll remains a decrease in numbers of more than 200, which is exposed in the Bush to the wanton Slaughter of the Natives\u2019. ", "id": "te0187", "source": "\u2018Re: inquest into death of Peter Bray\u2019, SRNSW, NRS 897, 4\/1798, 6065, pp. 313\u201314", "datestart": "1823-06-01", "dateend": "1823-07-31", "udatestart": -4625892292000, "udateend": -4620708292000, "latitude": "-33.4974945", "longitude": "149.31956291", "linkback": "https:\/\/australianwars.net", "TLCMapLinkBack": "https:\/\/tlcmap.org\/search?id=te0187", "TLCMapDataset": "https:\/\/tlcmap.org\/publicdatasets\/2008" }, "display": { "popup": { "links": [ { "text": "TLCMap Record: te0187", "link": "https:\/\/tlcmap.org\/search?id=te0187" }, { "text": "TLCMap Layer", "link": "https:\/\/tlcmap.org\/publicdatasets\/2008" } ] }, "source": { "TLCMapID": { "id": "te0187", "url": "https:\/\/tlcmap.org\/search?id=te0187" }, "Layer": { "name": "First Wiradjuri War and Resistance (community contributed)", "url": "https:\/\/tlcmap.org\/publicdatasets\/2008" } } } }, { "type": "Feature", "geometry": { "type": "Point", "coordinates": [ 149.63619232, -33.18188454 ] }, "properties": { "name": "Man attacked, wounded", "placename": "Milla-Murrah (possibly)", "description": "Acting Bathurst Surgeon Stephen Geary Wilks conducted autopsies on seven bodies in attacks in May 1824. He recognised \u2018David Brown, a free man Hired servant to Mr Terry\u2019 as he had \u2018been for some time under [Wilks\u2019s] care in consequence of severe wounds and ill treatment at the hands of the blacks about twelve months ago\u2019. Brown\u2019s body \u2018bore marks of similar murderous violence\u2019, quite probably targeting him again for crimes against Wiradyjuri people that Brown had committed the year before.", "id": "te0188", "source": "Depositions re bodies of men killed by Aborigines, SRNSW, NRS 897, 6065, 4\/1799, pp. 23\u201325, 27\u201329; David Brown, Re absence in registers, SRNSW, NRS 937, 6013, 4\/3511, p. 587; David Brown, Report re his murder at Bathurst by natives, SRNSW, NRS 897, 6065, 4\/1800, p. 137. ", "datestart": "1823-06-01", "dateend": "1823-06-01", "udatestart": -4625892292000, "udateend": -4625892292000, "latitude": "-33.18188454", "longitude": "149.63619232", "linkback": "https:\/\/australianwars.net", "TLCMapLinkBack": "https:\/\/tlcmap.org\/search?id=te0188", "TLCMapDataset": "https:\/\/tlcmap.org\/publicdatasets\/2008" }, "display": { "popup": { "links": [ { "text": "TLCMap Record: te0188", "link": "https:\/\/tlcmap.org\/search?id=te0188" }, { "text": "TLCMap Layer", "link": "https:\/\/tlcmap.org\/publicdatasets\/2008" } ] }, "source": { "TLCMapID": { "id": "te0188", "url": "https:\/\/tlcmap.org\/search?id=te0188" }, "Layer": { "name": "First Wiradjuri War and Resistance (community contributed)", "url": "https:\/\/tlcmap.org\/publicdatasets\/2008" } } } }, { "type": "Feature", "geometry": { "type": "Point", "coordinates": [ 149.31552887, -33.49799553 ] }, "properties": { "name": "Stock raids", "placename": "Palmer and Wylde's stations Kings Plains", "description": "Wylde noted in late July, \u2018further mischief has been done [after previous cattle killed etc.] and more is expected to arise from renewed similar Incursions\u2019 and \u2018various stations were temporarily abandoned\u2019 and stockworkers were sheltering together. ", "id": "te0189", "source": "\u2018Re: inquest into death of Peter Bray\u2019, SRNSW, NRS 897, 4\/1798, 6065, pp. 312\u201314", "datestart": "1823-07-20", "dateend": "1823-07-31", "udatestart": -4621658692000, "udateend": -4620708292000, "latitude": "-33.49799553", "longitude": "149.31552887", "linkback": "https:\/\/australianwars.net", "TLCMapLinkBack": "https:\/\/tlcmap.org\/search?id=te0189", "TLCMapDataset": "https:\/\/tlcmap.org\/publicdatasets\/2008" }, "display": { "popup": { "links": [ { "text": "TLCMap Record: te0189", "link": "https:\/\/tlcmap.org\/search?id=te0189" }, { "text": "TLCMap Layer", "link": "https:\/\/tlcmap.org\/publicdatasets\/2008" } ] }, "source": { "TLCMapID": { "id": "te0189", "url": "https:\/\/tlcmap.org\/search?id=te0189" }, "Layer": { "name": "First Wiradjuri War and Resistance (community contributed)", "url": "https:\/\/tlcmap.org\/publicdatasets\/2008" } } } }, { "type": "Feature", "geometry": { "type": "Point", "coordinates": [ 149.59404945, -33.41955 ] }, "properties": { "name": "raids on stock?", "placename": "Government Stock Stations", "description": "Superintendent of Government Stock John Maxwell reported that \u2018the Blacks have been very troublesome\u2019", "id": "te018a", "source": "Maxwell to Goulburn, 21 August 1823, SRNSW, NRS 897, 6031, 4\/7029A, p. 47", "datestart": "1823-08-21", "dateend": "1823-08-21", "udatestart": -4618893892000, "udateend": -4618893892000, "latitude": "-33.41955", "longitude": "149.59404945", "linkback": "https:\/\/australianwars.net", "TLCMapLinkBack": "https:\/\/tlcmap.org\/search?id=te018a", "TLCMapDataset": "https:\/\/tlcmap.org\/publicdatasets\/2008" }, "display": { "popup": { "links": [ { "text": "TLCMap Record: te018a", "link": "https:\/\/tlcmap.org\/search?id=te018a" }, { "text": "TLCMap Layer", "link": "https:\/\/tlcmap.org\/publicdatasets\/2008" } ] }, "source": { "TLCMapID": { "id": "te018a", "url": "https:\/\/tlcmap.org\/search?id=te018a" }, "Layer": { "name": "First Wiradjuri War and Resistance (community contributed)", "url": "https:\/\/tlcmap.org\/publicdatasets\/2008" } } } }, { "type": "Feature", "geometry": { "type": "Point", "coordinates": [ 150.595, -32.418 ] }, "properties": { "name": "Stock raids", "placename": "Government Stock Stations", "description": "Maxwell reported a government heifer had been killed by spearing. He noted that a man named \u2018Jingler\u2019 had been identified as the most likely perpetrator and pointed to the finding of cattle bones as proof that, far from this being an isolated incident, the Wiradyjuri had \u2018got into the practice of eating beef\u2019", "id": "te018b", "source": "Maxwell to Goulburn, 2 September 1823, SRNSW, NRS 897, 6031, 4\/7029A, p. 49", "datestart": "1823-09-02", "dateend": "1823-09-02", "udatestart": -4617857092000, "udateend": -4617857092000, "latitude": "-32.418", "longitude": "150.595", "linkback": "https:\/\/australianwars.net", "TLCMapLinkBack": "https:\/\/tlcmap.org\/search?id=te018b", "TLCMapDataset": "https:\/\/tlcmap.org\/publicdatasets\/2008" }, "display": { "popup": { "links": [ { "text": "TLCMap Record: te018b", "link": "https:\/\/tlcmap.org\/search?id=te018b" }, { "text": "TLCMap Layer", "link": "https:\/\/tlcmap.org\/publicdatasets\/2008" } ] }, "source": { "TLCMapID": { "id": "te018b", "url": "https:\/\/tlcmap.org\/search?id=te018b" }, "Layer": { "name": "First Wiradjuri War and Resistance (community contributed)", "url": "https:\/\/tlcmap.org\/publicdatasets\/2008" } } } }, { "type": "Feature", "geometry": { "type": "Point", "coordinates": [ 149.69764709, -33.32565164 ] }, "properties": { "name": "Stockman killed", "placename": "Clear Creek", "description": "On 29 August, \u2018the body of a man who was found murdered\u2019 at William Lee\u2019s station at Clear Creek, around 10 miles northeast of Bathurst, identified as one of Lee\u2019s workers, \u2018hut keeper\u2019 and \u2018Crown Prisoner\u2019 Peter Bray. The Sydney Gazette newspaper reported he \u2018was found barbarously murdered\u2019. According to the testimony provided to coroner Thomas Fitzherbert Hawkins, on 29 August one of William Lee\u2019s shepherds, John Tanner, came to John Cornwall\u2019s hut looking for Peter Bray. Tanner told Cornwall \u2018their Hut was robbed and that the Hut man Peter Bray was missing\u2019. They went to the hut and \u2018saw it [in] great Confusion and robbed [of] all their Tea, sugar, Meat and Bread\u2019 as well as axes, knives, cooking equipment and \u2018Shot and Balls\u2019 and \u2018one Musket\u2019. The two men then went from the hut to the nearby creek and \u2018found the tracks of the Black Natives\u2019, before discovering a trail of blood and \u2018the Body of the Deceased lying in the Creek by the edge of the Water\u2019. When William Lee arrived on the scene, he proceeded \u2018to where it appeared [Bray] had received the first blow, where the Hat of the deceased lay cut in two halves\u2019. From the signs of struggle on the river bank, Lee believed Bray had been dumped in the nearby creek alive and had tried to crawl out of the water before he died. \u2018Earing, a Black Chief of the Tabalbucco Tribe\u2019. [Aaron, the Wiradyjuri man who had assisted Lawson, the Coxes, Blackman and others] described 'the tracks of the four Natives known by the names of Jackey, Taylor, Charley and Congo-gal\u2019. ", "id": "te018c", "source": "\u2018Re murder of the hut keeper by natives, 2 September 1823\u2019, SRNSW, NRS 938, 6017, 4\/5783, pp. 419\u201327. ", "datestart": "1823-08-29", "dateend": "1823-08-29", "udatestart": -4618202692000, "udateend": -4618202692000, "latitude": "-33.32565164", "longitude": "149.69764709", "linkback": "https:\/\/australianwars.net", "TLCMapLinkBack": "https:\/\/tlcmap.org\/search?id=te018c", "TLCMapDataset": "https:\/\/tlcmap.org\/publicdatasets\/2008" }, "display": { "popup": { "links": [ { "text": "TLCMap Record: te018c", "link": "https:\/\/tlcmap.org\/search?id=te018c" }, { "text": "TLCMap Layer", "link": "https:\/\/tlcmap.org\/publicdatasets\/2008" } ] }, "source": { "TLCMapID": { "id": "te018c", "url": "https:\/\/tlcmap.org\/search?id=te018c" }, "Layer": { "name": "First Wiradjuri War and Resistance (community contributed)", "url": "https:\/\/tlcmap.org\/publicdatasets\/2008" } } } }, { "type": "Feature", "geometry": { "type": "Point", "coordinates": [ 149.80648041, -32.88564183 ] }, "properties": { "name": "Raids on Government herds", "placename": "Tabrabucca", "description": "Hawkins wrote to Colonial Secretary Goulburn in early September that he was confident the killing of Peter Bray was \u2018committed by four native Blacks well known at Bathurst, one of them belonging to the Tabalbucco Black Tribe who have lately done much mischief among the Government Herds at that place\u2019. ", "id": "te018d", "source": "\u2018Re murder of the hut keeper by natives, 2 September 1823\u2019, SRNSW, NRS 938, 6017, 4\/5783, pp. 419\u201327. ", "datestart": "1823-08-01", "dateend": "1823-08-31", "udatestart": -4620621892000, "udateend": -4618029892000, "latitude": "-32.88564183", "longitude": "149.80648041", "linkback": "https:\/\/australianwars.net", "TLCMapLinkBack": "https:\/\/tlcmap.org\/search?id=te018d", "TLCMapDataset": "https:\/\/tlcmap.org\/publicdatasets\/2008" }, "display": { "popup": { "links": [ { "text": "TLCMap Record: te018d", "link": "https:\/\/tlcmap.org\/search?id=te018d" }, { "text": "TLCMap Layer", "link": "https:\/\/tlcmap.org\/publicdatasets\/2008" } ] }, "source": { "TLCMapID": { "id": "te018d", "url": "https:\/\/tlcmap.org\/search?id=te018d" }, "Layer": { "name": "First Wiradjuri War and Resistance (community contributed)", "url": "https:\/\/tlcmap.org\/publicdatasets\/2008" } } } }, { "type": "Feature", "geometry": { "type": "Point", "coordinates": [ 149.30419922, -33.49931965 ] }, "properties": { "name": "Raids on Wylde's station", "placename": "Kings Plains", "description": "Judge Advocate Wylde\u2019s \u2018first station\u2019 on Kings Plains, called \u2018Djyawong\u2019, was raided three times in September and October", "id": "te018e", "source": "\u2018Re cattle killed by natives\u2019, SRNSW, NRS 897, 4\/1798, 6065, pp. 340\u201342", "datestart": "1823-09-01", "dateend": "1823-10-31", "udatestart": -4617943492000, "udateend": -4612759492000, "latitude": "-33.49931965", "longitude": "149.30419922", "linkback": "https:\/\/australianwars.net", "TLCMapLinkBack": "https:\/\/tlcmap.org\/search?id=te018e", "TLCMapDataset": "https:\/\/tlcmap.org\/publicdatasets\/2008" }, "display": { "popup": { "links": [ { "text": "TLCMap Record: te018e", "link": "https:\/\/tlcmap.org\/search?id=te018e" }, { "text": "TLCMap Layer", "link": "https:\/\/tlcmap.org\/publicdatasets\/2008" } ] }, "source": { "TLCMapID": { "id": "te018e", "url": "https:\/\/tlcmap.org\/search?id=te018e" }, "Layer": { "name": "First Wiradjuri War and Resistance (community contributed)", "url": "https:\/\/tlcmap.org\/publicdatasets\/2008" } } } }, { "type": "Feature", "geometry": { "type": "Point", "coordinates": [ 149.30797577, -33.49931965 ] }, "properties": { "name": "Raids on Palmer and Wylde's stations, Kings Plains", "placename": "Kings Plains", "description": "On 20 September, Charles Booth, a convict stockworker for George Palmer (although \u2018under the direction\u2019 of John Wylde\u2019s overseer, Andrew Dunn), was \u2018out with his cattle\u2019 on Kings Plains, accompanied by \u2018a black Native\u2019 called \u2018Scrammy\u2019, when \u2018a number of other natives took and drove his Cattle away from him\u2019. According to Booth, \u2018early the next Morning they killed a fat Cow out of the same Herd which they had driven away\u2019. Then, \u2018about 2 miles from the place where they had taken the cattle from him\u2019, Booth and Scrammy \u2018found the skin and head only left, the whole of the meat being carried away. On examining the hide there appeared a great number of Spear Holes, with pieces of Broken spears laying about\u2019, as well as \u2018another Cow killed belonging to the same Herd\u2019. Soon after, another of Palmer\u2019s stockworkers, Henry Alsop (also Fasbrook), reported to Dunn that \u2018he was out looking after his Cattle \u2026 and saw Natives, and one of them came to him and said his name was \u201cJacky\u201d\u2019 and he \u2018had a spear with him which was bloody at the end and splintered\u2019. Alsop then went \u2018a short distance\u2019 and \u2018found a young Steer belonging to the Judge Advocate killed, speared, with one shoulder taken off\u2019. Alsop, in charge of Palmer\u2019s \u2018two Hundred and thirty Head of Cattle\u2019, soon found the stock under his charge had also been scattered, spooked and speared. He could only muster one hundred, which \u2018appeared to be very wild and run away from him\u2019, and he spent several days tracking them. When he finally drove what cattle he could find home, he found \u2018one Cow speared in the udder since which time, they have been obliged to take a dead Calf from her\u2019. Another cow was missing, which he had \u2018every reason to believe the natives have killed\u2019.", "id": "te018f", "source": "\u2018Re cattle killed by natives\u2019, SRNSW, NRS 897, 4\/1798, 6065, pp. 340\u201342", "datestart": "1823-09-20", "dateend": "1823-09-20", "udatestart": -4616301892000, "udateend": -4616301892000, "latitude": "-33.49931965", "longitude": "149.30797577", "linkback": "https:\/\/australianwars.net", "TLCMapLinkBack": "https:\/\/tlcmap.org\/search?id=te018f", "TLCMapDataset": "https:\/\/tlcmap.org\/publicdatasets\/2008" }, "display": { "popup": { "links": [ { "text": "TLCMap Record: te018f", "link": "https:\/\/tlcmap.org\/search?id=te018f" }, { "text": "TLCMap Layer", "link": "https:\/\/tlcmap.org\/publicdatasets\/2008" } ] }, "source": { "TLCMapID": { "id": "te018f", "url": "https:\/\/tlcmap.org\/search?id=te018f" }, "Layer": { "name": "First Wiradjuri War and Resistance (community contributed)", "url": "https:\/\/tlcmap.org\/publicdatasets\/2008" } } } }, { "type": "Feature", "geometry": { "type": "Point", "coordinates": [ 149.32514191, -33.49731557 ] }, "properties": { "name": "Attack on Wiradyuri men", "placename": "Kings Plains", "description": "\u2018A few days after this\u2019, [20th September] the two stockmen went out again and came upon \u2018a Black native Camp where there was a fire\u2019, and although they \u2018saw no natives\u2019 they found \u2018a quantity of Beef roasting\u2019. Booth, Alsop and Scrammy then \u2018came upon the natives, finding in their possession a quantity of beef\u2019. As Booth was \u2018armed with a Musket, the natives ran away\u2019. Alsop said that \u2018they saw a number of natives a little distance off\u2019 who ran off and \u2018shouted out \u201cmurra gerund white fellows\u201d\u2019. Booth set out again to search for the cattle. When he came upon \u20185 Natives\u2019, one of them \u2018in the act of skinning a Steer the property of the Judge Advocate\u2019, Booth had no hesitation in believing it was his role to sneak up and shoot the men. He \u2018approached very near to them unperceived, and fired at them, and wounded one that was in the act of chopping open the hinder quarters\u2019. Booth then saw \u2018two of the natives leading him off\u2019. It is not clear whether Scrammy was with him, but by this time Booth may well have understood what the Wiradyjuri shouted as they left with the wounded man. As Booth later reported it, they once more said, \u2018they wanted [to] tumble white man down\u2019. Booth said he did not recognise \u2018any of the natives\u2019 but had \u2018every reason to believe \u2018Gingler [Jingler]\u2019 was \u2018one of them\u2019. Booth also later reported that \u2018the Cattle being so driven by the natives, that the cows have slipt and lost ten Calves\u2019. ", "id": "te0190", "source": "\u2018Re cattle killed by natives\u2019, SRNSW, NRS 897, 4\/1798, 6065, pp. 340\u201342", "datestart": "1823-09-20", "dateend": "1823-09-30", "udatestart": -4616301892000, "udateend": -4615437892000, "latitude": "-33.49731557", "longitude": "149.32514191", "linkback": "https:\/\/australianwars.net", "TLCMapLinkBack": "https:\/\/tlcmap.org\/search?id=te0190", "TLCMapDataset": "https:\/\/tlcmap.org\/publicdatasets\/2008" }, "display": { "popup": { "links": [ { "text": "TLCMap Record: te0190", "link": "https:\/\/tlcmap.org\/search?id=te0190" }, { "text": "TLCMap Layer", "link": "https:\/\/tlcmap.org\/publicdatasets\/2008" } ] }, "source": { "TLCMapID": { "id": "te0190", "url": "https:\/\/tlcmap.org\/search?id=te0190" }, "Layer": { "name": "First Wiradjuri War and Resistance (community contributed)", "url": "https:\/\/tlcmap.org\/publicdatasets\/2008" } } } }, { "type": "Feature", "geometry": { "type": "Point", "coordinates": [ 149.31655884, -33.4960272 ] }, "properties": { "name": "Spearing of stock", "placename": "Kings Plains surrounds", "description": "On 8 October, the increasingly bold attitude of Wiradyjuri warriors spurred overseer Andrew Dunn to send Alsop and Booth into Bathurst township to report the September incidents to Commandant Lawson. Dunn sent a warning to Lawson that \u2018the Judge Advocate and Mr George Palmer will suffer materially by the natives driving the Cattle about so much from a great loss of Calves and most serious injury done on the stock\u2019. He also reported he had found several sets of bones \u2018in travelling several Miles round in the Bush\u2019 that he considered were from \u2018Cattle killed at some former period\u2019. ", "id": "te0191", "source": "\u2018Re cattle killed by natives\u2019, SRNSW, NRS 897, 4\/1798, 6065, pp. 343\u201344", "datestart": "1823-06-01", "dateend": "1823-07-31", "udatestart": -4625892292000, "udateend": -4620708292000, "latitude": "-33.4960272", "longitude": "149.31655884", "linkback": "https:\/\/australianwars.net", "TLCMapLinkBack": "https:\/\/tlcmap.org\/search?id=te0191", "TLCMapDataset": "https:\/\/tlcmap.org\/publicdatasets\/2008" }, "display": { "popup": { "links": [ { "text": "TLCMap Record: te0191", "link": "https:\/\/tlcmap.org\/search?id=te0191" }, { "text": "TLCMap Layer", "link": "https:\/\/tlcmap.org\/publicdatasets\/2008" } ] }, "source": { "TLCMapID": { "id": "te0191", "url": "https:\/\/tlcmap.org\/search?id=te0191" }, "Layer": { "name": "First Wiradjuri War and Resistance (community contributed)", "url": "https:\/\/tlcmap.org\/publicdatasets\/2008" } } } }, { "type": "Feature", "geometry": { "type": "Point", "coordinates": [ 149.3167305, -33.50032167 ] }, "properties": { "name": "Attack on Marsden's station", "placename": "Marsden's station at Kings Plains", "description": "The attack on Samuel Marsden\u2019s station on 19 November was deadly and vicious. Oversser Andrew Dunn gave \u2018an alarmed account\u2019 of events. He said \u2018they came to Mr. Marsden\u2019s Station and committed the most inhuman Murders of the Bodies of two men, that I ever saw in my life \u2013 the sight I saw I will never forget\u2019. It seems the two dead men, convict workers William White and Peter Grenman, were mutilated as a gruesome message to those who would find the bodies.", "id": "te0192", "source": "Dunne to Palmer, 22 November 1823, SRNSW, NRS 897, 4\/1798, 6065, p. 329. Locla historian Gwenda Stanbridge notes that Grennan was assigned to Marsden and that the killings were on 22 and 24 October \u2018at the King\u2019s Plains Government Station\u2019. Gwenda Stanbridge, \u2018\u201cPeople of the Three Rivers\u201d\u2019, in Blayney Diggings, p. 17", "datestart": "1823-11-19", "dateend": "1823-11-19", "udatestart": -4611117892000, "udateend": -4611117892000, "latitude": "-33.50032167", "longitude": "149.3167305", "linkback": "https:\/\/australianwars.net", "TLCMapLinkBack": "https:\/\/tlcmap.org\/search?id=te0192", "TLCMapDataset": "https:\/\/tlcmap.org\/publicdatasets\/2008" }, "display": { "popup": { "links": [ { "text": "TLCMap Record: te0192", "link": "https:\/\/tlcmap.org\/search?id=te0192" }, { "text": "TLCMap Layer", "link": "https:\/\/tlcmap.org\/publicdatasets\/2008" } ] }, "source": { "TLCMapID": { "id": "te0192", "url": "https:\/\/tlcmap.org\/search?id=te0192" }, "Layer": { "name": "First Wiradjuri War and Resistance (community contributed)", "url": "https:\/\/tlcmap.org\/publicdatasets\/2008" } } } }, { "type": "Feature", "geometry": { "type": "Point", "coordinates": [ 149.6162796, -33.48185394 ] }, "properties": { "name": "Shooting a Wiradyuri man", "placename": "White Rock?", "description": "On 22 December 1823, William Lawson reported to Colonial Secretary Frederick Goulburn that 'A man by the name of Miller in fetters, formerly overseer at Longbottom, shot a native and it appears without any cause or provocation, they came immediately to me at Campbell River for protection and demanded justice saying if they did not get satisfaction, they would kill Tom Miller or some of his children. I have told them some days previous if the white man ill-treated them they were to go and complain to Major Morisset who would punish the white man, which they perfectly understood, and they promised at the same time not to kill the white men or the Stock. Miller is committed to take his trial'. ", "id": "te0193", "source": "Lawson to Goulburn, 22 December 1823, SRNSW, NRS 897, 4\/1798, pp. 365\u201368; \u2018Thomas Miller\u2019, BDHSMA, F10", "datestart": "1823-12-20", "dateend": "1823-12-31", "udatestart": -4608439492000, "udateend": -4607489092000, "latitude": "-33.48185394", "longitude": "149.6162796", "linkback": "https:\/\/australianwars.net", "TLCMapLinkBack": "https:\/\/tlcmap.org\/search?id=te0193", "TLCMapDataset": "https:\/\/tlcmap.org\/publicdatasets\/2008" }, "display": { "popup": { "links": [ { "text": "TLCMap Record: te0193", "link": "https:\/\/tlcmap.org\/search?id=te0193" }, { "text": "TLCMap Layer", "link": "https:\/\/tlcmap.org\/publicdatasets\/2008" } ] }, "source": { "TLCMapID": { "id": "te0193", "url": "https:\/\/tlcmap.org\/search?id=te0193" }, "Layer": { "name": "First Wiradjuri War and Resistance (community contributed)", "url": "https:\/\/tlcmap.org\/publicdatasets\/2008" } } } }, { "type": "Feature", "geometry": { "type": "Point", "coordinates": [ 149.57954407, -33.41926344 ] }, "properties": { "name": "Raids on stock", "placename": "Bathurst region", "description": "Judge Advocate Wylde requested a reward for the capture of \u2018Saturday\u2019 on 1 December, which indicates Windradyne had been involved in spearing cattle at least from November. It seems he was operating to the east of Bathurst and not at Kings Plains, where Jingler was the leader wanted for the \u2018offences\u2019 committed. On 12 December, Goulburn replied to Wylde\u2019s letter to inform him that his \u2018recommendation of a reward being offered for the apprehension of the native named Saturday\u2019 would be enforced. It seems word was sent to Commandant Morisset, and he promptly sent out a party \u2013 probably of soldiers, constables and armed convicts \u2013 in search of \u2018Saturday\u2019. THe Gazette reported in early January that \u2018numbers of the cattle have been killed\u2019 at Bathurst. ", "id": "te0194", "source": "Wylde to Goulburn, 1 December 1823, SRNSW, NRS 897, 598, p. 335. Goulburn to Wylde, 12 December 1823, SRNSW, NRS 897, 4\/3509, 6011, p. 686; Gazette, 8 January 1824, p. 2", "datestart": "1823-11-01", "dateend": "1823-11-30", "udatestart": -4612673092000, "udateend": -4610167492000, "latitude": "-33.41926344", "longitude": "149.57954407", "linkback": "https:\/\/australianwars.net", "TLCMapLinkBack": "https:\/\/tlcmap.org\/search?id=te0194", "TLCMapDataset": "https:\/\/tlcmap.org\/publicdatasets\/2008" }, "display": { "popup": { "links": [ { "text": "TLCMap Record: te0194", "link": "https:\/\/tlcmap.org\/search?id=te0194" }, { "text": "TLCMap Layer", "link": "https:\/\/tlcmap.org\/publicdatasets\/2008" } ] }, "source": { "TLCMapID": { "id": "te0194", "url": "https:\/\/tlcmap.org\/search?id=te0194" }, "Layer": { "name": "First Wiradjuri War and Resistance (community contributed)", "url": "https:\/\/tlcmap.org\/publicdatasets\/2008" } } } }, { "type": "Feature", "geometry": { "type": "Point", "coordinates": [ 149.58503723, -33.41066626 ] }, "properties": { "name": "Capture of Windradyne", "placename": "Bathurst region", "description": "Perhaps Morisset called on the assistance of Aaron again, but whatever the case he sent a detachment of at least six men to the right place, somewhere to the east of Bathurst and the Bila Wambuul. The detachment was able to approach Windradyne and whoever was with him with some confidence. But when he was told they were being taken prisoner for killing cattle, Windradyne fiercely resisted being restrained. His struggle undoubtedly stunned his captors. According to the Gazette, \u2018the strength of those men is amazing\u2019 and it \u2018took six men to secure him, and they had actually to break a musket over his body before he yielded, which he did at length with broken ribs\u2019. Windradyne was beaten into submission and \u2018for his exploits, was sentenced to a month\u2019s imprisonment in irons\u2019. ", "id": "te0195", "source": "It appears Chief Constable James Blackman may have led the detachment, although, recalling events in 1830, William Lawson was not certain Blackman was \u2018the person who apprehended the Native black \u201cSaturday\u201d\u2019. Lawson, 14 January 1830, in Selkirk, \u2018The discovery of Mudgee\u2019, p. 25; Rene Lesson, \u2018Journey across the Blue Mountains, 1824\u2019, in Mackaness (ed.), Fourteen Journeys, p. 162; Morisset, 26 December 1823, SRNSW, NRS 897, 598, pp. 373\u201374.", "datestart": "1823-12-01", "dateend": "1823-12-31", "udatestart": -4610081092000, "udateend": -4607489092000, "latitude": "-33.41066626", "longitude": "149.58503723", "linkback": "https:\/\/australianwars.net", "TLCMapLinkBack": "https:\/\/tlcmap.org\/search?id=te0195", "TLCMapDataset": "https:\/\/tlcmap.org\/publicdatasets\/2008" }, "display": { "popup": { "links": [ { "text": "TLCMap Record: te0195", "link": "https:\/\/tlcmap.org\/search?id=te0195" }, { "text": "TLCMap Layer", "link": "https:\/\/tlcmap.org\/publicdatasets\/2008" } ] }, "source": { "TLCMapID": { "id": "te0195", "url": "https:\/\/tlcmap.org\/search?id=te0195" }, "Layer": { "name": "First Wiradjuri War and Resistance (community contributed)", "url": "https:\/\/tlcmap.org\/publicdatasets\/2008" } } } }, { "type": "Feature", "geometry": { "type": "Point", "coordinates": [ 149.32857513, -33.49760187 ] }, "properties": { "name": "Cattle speared", "placename": "Wylde's stations at Kings Plains", "description": "In January and February, Judge Advocate Wylde\u2019s cattle were again attacked and speared, and once more he wrote to the authorities with urgency, calling for decisive military action. ", "id": "te0196", "source": "Wylde to Goulburn, \u2018Re attack by natives\u2019, SRNSW, NRS 897, 6065; 4\/1798, pp. 312\u201314.", "datestart": "1824-01-01", "dateend": "1824-01-31", "udatestart": -4607402692000, "udateend": -4604810692000, "latitude": "-33.49760187", "longitude": "149.32857513", "linkback": "https:\/\/australianwars.net", "TLCMapLinkBack": "https:\/\/tlcmap.org\/search?id=te0196", "TLCMapDataset": "https:\/\/tlcmap.org\/publicdatasets\/2008" }, "display": { "popup": { "links": [ { "text": "TLCMap Record: te0196", "link": "https:\/\/tlcmap.org\/search?id=te0196" }, { "text": "TLCMap Layer", "link": "https:\/\/tlcmap.org\/publicdatasets\/2008" } ] }, "source": { "TLCMapID": { "id": "te0196", "url": "https:\/\/tlcmap.org\/search?id=te0196" }, "Layer": { "name": "First Wiradjuri War and Resistance (community contributed)", "url": "https:\/\/tlcmap.org\/publicdatasets\/2008" } } } }, { "type": "Feature", "geometry": { "type": "Point", "coordinates": [ 149.32857513, -33.49760187 ] }, "properties": { "name": "Cattle speared", "placename": "Wylde's stations at Kings Plains", "description": "In January and February, Judge Advocate Wylde\u2019s cattle were again attacked and speared, and once more he wrote to the authorities with urgency, calling for decisive military action. ", "id": "te0197", "source": "Wylde to Goulburn, \u2018Re attack by natives\u2019, SRNSW, NRS 897, 6065; 4\/1798, pp. 312\u201314.", "datestart": "1824-02-01", "dateend": "1824-02-28", "udatestart": -4604724292000, "udateend": -4602391492000, "latitude": "-33.49760187", "longitude": "149.32857513", "linkback": "https:\/\/australianwars.net", "TLCMapLinkBack": "https:\/\/tlcmap.org\/search?id=te0197", "TLCMapDataset": "https:\/\/tlcmap.org\/publicdatasets\/2008" }, "display": { "popup": { "links": [ { "text": "TLCMap Record: te0197", "link": "https:\/\/tlcmap.org\/search?id=te0197" }, { "text": "TLCMap Layer", "link": "https:\/\/tlcmap.org\/publicdatasets\/2008" } ] }, "source": { "TLCMapID": { "id": "te0197", "url": "https:\/\/tlcmap.org\/search?id=te0197" }, "Layer": { "name": "First Wiradjuri War and Resistance (community contributed)", "url": "https:\/\/tlcmap.org\/publicdatasets\/2008" } } } }, { "type": "Feature", "geometry": { "type": "Point", "coordinates": [ 149.37286377, -33.41997984 ] }, "properties": { "name": "Station plundered", "placename": "Swallow Creek Govt Station", "description": "On the afternoon of Friday 19 March, Patrick Ryan, \u2018Crown Prisoner and Government Stockman stationed at the Swallow Creek\u2019, was out grazing \u2018the Government Cattle in his Charge\u2019 when \u2018a large Body of Blacks to the Best of his Beliefs about one hundred and Fifty in number came and herded his cattle in various directions\u2019. Alone and unarmed, Ryan ran and was \u2018pursued by about Twenty of the mob who came up with him, one of which knocked him down\u2019. He was then held down and stripped of his clothes and released. He took off once again, making for a hut \u2018about a Mile and a Half distant\u2019 up the Swallow Creek valley, where he \u2018gave the alarm to the other two Stockmen\u2019 who were there, Michael McKeyley and John Anderson. McKeyley then \u2018went up to the Judge Advocate\u2019s Station\u2019 at Kings Plains and \u2018immediately gave the alarm to the Military\u2019 stationed there. Anderson remained at the hut, and according to Ryan\u2019s later statement to Magistrate Lawson and Commandant Morisset, \u2018the Blacks came shortly after about Sixty in number, came to the Hut took possession of the Provisions and eat what they required\u2019. Then in what can only have been preparation to carry off supplies, the Wiradyjuri \u2018tied up the Blankets Bedding and every thing the Hut contained\u2019. ", "id": "te0198", "source": "Wylde to Goulburn, \u2018Re attack by natives\u2019, SRNSW, NRS 897, 6065; 4\/1798, pp. 312\u201314. ", "datestart": "1824-03-19", "dateend": "1824-03-19", "udatestart": -4600663492000, "udateend": -4600663492000, "latitude": "-33.41997984", "longitude": "149.37286377", "linkback": "https:\/\/australianwars.net", "TLCMapLinkBack": "https:\/\/tlcmap.org\/search?id=te0198", "TLCMapDataset": "https:\/\/tlcmap.org\/publicdatasets\/2008" }, "display": { "popup": { "links": [ { "text": "TLCMap Record: te0198", "link": "https:\/\/tlcmap.org\/search?id=te0198" }, { "text": "TLCMap Layer", "link": "https:\/\/tlcmap.org\/publicdatasets\/2008" } ] }, "source": { "TLCMapID": { "id": "te0198", "url": "https:\/\/tlcmap.org\/search?id=te0198" }, "Layer": { "name": "First Wiradjuri War and Resistance (community contributed)", "url": "https:\/\/tlcmap.org\/publicdatasets\/2008" } } } }, { "type": "Feature", "geometry": { "type": "Point", "coordinates": [ 149.37114716, -33.42714345 ] }, "properties": { "name": "Night assault on hut", "placename": "Swallow Creek Affray", "description": "The military stationed at Wylde\u2019s \u2018Diyawong\u2019 station were two soldiers, privates John Softly and John \u2018Epslem\u2019 (or Absalom) from the \u20183rd regiment Buffs\u2019. It took McKeyley several hours to travel up the Swallow Creek valley to Kings Plains, and he arrived at the station around eight or nine o\u2019clock that night. The soldiers were told by McKeyley that \u2018the black natives were in and about their Hut\u2019. \u2018Agreeable to [standing] orders\u2019, the two privates immediately mustered the now seasoned quasi-official commander, overseer Dunn, and two of his men, and marched down to Swallow Creek. A paltry detachment of just two soldiers was stiffened by armed convicts and an overseer. They arrived at Swallow Creek on Saturday morning around 2 am, to find \u2018the Blacks were in possession of the hut\u2019 and the stockmen unharmed, though humiliated \u2013 \u2018stripped, and their clothes, Blankets &c. tied up and in possession of the Blacks\u2019. It seems that by this time many of the sixty warriors had dispersed. In the dead of night, banking on the element of surprise as well as their muskets, the soldiers \u2018then attacked\u2019. John Softly entered the hut first. According to Softly and Epslem, \u2018some of them attempted to escape through the chimney and through the sides of the Hut by pulling away the Bark\u2019. Other Wiradyjuri men \u2018made resistance\u2019, and one man then \u2018catched hold of his Musket while Private John Ebslem was entering\u2019. Another man \u2018had a spade in his hand, and made a Blow at him with it which was sloped off [parried] by his Musket, otherwise it would have killed him and the second blow which was sloped off in like manner and broke his Musket in two parts\u2019. As close-quarters combat broke out in the hut, both soldiers were, as they reported events, \u2018then obliged to act in our defence as well as we could to secure those most active\u2019. There is little further detailed information on their attack, merely that they managed to take three prisoners, and two other Wiradyjuri men \u2018were killed and the remainder dispersed\u2019, suggesting they may have fired at those who were fleeing the scene, or that Dunn and the convicts had remained outside and shot at them.", "id": "te0199", "source": "Wylde to Goulburn, \u2018Re attack by natives\u2019, SRNSW, NRS 897, 6065, 4\/1798, pp. 312\u201314; Morisset, Ryan, Softly and Absalom, \u2018Re robbery at Swallow Creek Hut\u2019, SRNSW, NRS 897, 6065, 4\/1800, pp. 28\u201332.", "datestart": "1824-03-20", "dateend": "1824-03-20", "udatestart": -4600577092000, "udateend": -4600577092000, "latitude": "-33.42714345", "longitude": "149.37114716", "linkback": "https:\/\/australianwars.net", "TLCMapLinkBack": "https:\/\/tlcmap.org\/search?id=te0199", "TLCMapDataset": "https:\/\/tlcmap.org\/publicdatasets\/2008" }, "display": { "popup": { "links": [ { "text": "TLCMap Record: te0199", "link": "https:\/\/tlcmap.org\/search?id=te0199" }, { "text": "TLCMap Layer", "link": "https:\/\/tlcmap.org\/publicdatasets\/2008" } ] }, "source": { "TLCMapID": { "id": "te0199", "url": "https:\/\/tlcmap.org\/search?id=te0199" }, "Layer": { "name": "First Wiradjuri War and Resistance (community contributed)", "url": "https:\/\/tlcmap.org\/publicdatasets\/2008" } } } }, { "type": "Feature", "geometry": { "type": "Point", "coordinates": [ 149.63619232, -33.18188454 ] }, "properties": { "name": "Poisoning", "placename": "Murdering hut' ('Milla- Murrah'?)", "description": "In 1887 William Henry Suttor Junior noted that \u2018very frequently\u2019 the cause of Wiradyjuri attacks was \u2018their ill-treatment by the whites\u2019. As Suttor recalled from stories told by his family: \u2018Poisoned dampers had been left purposely exposed in shepherds\u2019 huts in order to tempt the blacks to steal and eat. They did eat, and died in horrible agony. No wonder reprisals took place\u2019. Suttor was clear that the poisoning of people at a place called the \u2018Murdering Hut\u2019 occurred before a series of raids in late May 1824, and that one of these raids was at the \u2018very place where it was rumored, the poisoned bread had been laid for them\u2019.", "id": "te019a", "source": "Suttor, Australian Stories Retold, p. 65; Salisbury and Gresser, Windradyne of the Wiradjuri, pp. 22-3. Salisbury and Gresser noted that \u2018Millah-Murrah\u2019 was nearby \u2018Tanawarra\u2019, a \u2018native cemetery\u2019, and that it was also \u2018the location of the \u201cMurdering Hut\u201d\u2019, where it seems poison had been laid out for unsuspecting Wiradyjuri. According to Gresser, it was \u2018nearby\u2019 (not on) \u2018Tanawarra\u2019, the \u2018native cemetery\u2019. Gresser notes that \u2018Mullah-murrah\u2019 meant \u2018many eyes\u2019. Gresser Papers, BDHSMA, pp. 24\u201353", "datestart": "1824-05-01", "dateend": "1824-05-31", "udatestart": -4596948292000, "udateend": -4594356292000, "latitude": "-33.18188454", "longitude": "149.63619232", "linkback": "https:\/\/australianwars.net", "TLCMapLinkBack": "https:\/\/tlcmap.org\/search?id=te019a", "TLCMapDataset": "https:\/\/tlcmap.org\/publicdatasets\/2008" }, "display": { "popup": { "links": [ { "text": "TLCMap Record: te019a", "link": "https:\/\/tlcmap.org\/search?id=te019a" }, { "text": "TLCMap Layer", "link": "https:\/\/tlcmap.org\/publicdatasets\/2008" } ] }, "source": { "TLCMapID": { "id": "te019a", "url": "https:\/\/tlcmap.org\/search?id=te019a" }, "Layer": { "name": "First Wiradjuri War and Resistance (community contributed)", "url": "https:\/\/tlcmap.org\/publicdatasets\/2008" } } } }, { "type": "Feature", "geometry": { "type": "Point", "coordinates": [ 149.60550785, -33.41872615 ] }, "properties": { "name": "Bathurst Massacre or \u2018Potato field incident\u2019", "placename": "Kelso", "description": "Suttor wrote that: a foreigner named Antonio had cultivated a patch of land on the Macquarie River, opposite the town of Bathurst. Among other things he grew some potatoes. One day, as a large number of the black tribe of the place came by, Antonio, moved by the spirit of good nature, gave some of his tubers to these people. Next day, they having appreciated the gift, appeared at the potato patch and commenced to help themselves. This was not to Antonio\u2019s liking, who roused the people of the settlement on his behalf. They rushed down and attacked the blacks, some of whom were killed and others maimed.' One of Windradyne\u2019s descendants, Uncle Bill Allen Junior, relates today that this was Windradyne\u2019s family, \u2018shot down in front of him\u2019. ", "id": "te019b", "source": "Suttor, Australian Stories Retold, pp. 44\u20135; Uncle Bill Allen Junior, interview with Stephen Gapps, 15 September 2020", "datestart": "1824-05-01", "dateend": "1824-05-31", "udatestart": -4596948292000, "udateend": -4594356292000, "latitude": "-33.41872615", "longitude": "149.60550785", "linkback": "https:\/\/australianwars.net", "TLCMapLinkBack": "https:\/\/tlcmap.org\/search?id=te019b", "TLCMapDataset": "https:\/\/tlcmap.org\/publicdatasets\/2008" }, "display": { "popup": { "links": [ { "text": "TLCMap Record: te019b", "link": "https:\/\/tlcmap.org\/search?id=te019b" }, { "text": "TLCMap Layer", "link": "https:\/\/tlcmap.org\/publicdatasets\/2008" } ] }, "source": { "TLCMapID": { "id": "te019b", "url": "https:\/\/tlcmap.org\/search?id=te019b" }, "Layer": { "name": "First Wiradjuri War and Resistance (community contributed)", "url": "https:\/\/tlcmap.org\/publicdatasets\/2008" } } } }, { "type": "Feature", "geometry": { "type": "Point", "coordinates": [ 149.623, -33.184 ] }, "properties": { "name": "Raid and attack on the 'Mill post'", "placename": "Mill Post", "description": "As William Henry Suttor Junior described it, \u2018after this [the Bathurst Massacre], the blacks commenced general depredations\u2019. James Lowe was a \u2018shepherd in the employ of a settler up the country\u2019 (Richard Lewis). On Tuesday 25 May (Lowe later wrote), he was \u2018very much surprised\u2019 on his \u2018return home at sunset\u2019 when he \u2018found the hut stripped of everything but a hammock and the hut-keeper killed at the mill\u2019. According to Richard Lewis, the owner of the \u2018Mill Post\u2019, Lowe and another convict stockworker raced to inform him that they had made the gruesome discovery of \u2018a man lying dead close by the Mills\u2019. Tuesday 25 May 1824 was a dark night, with a waning crescent moon. Undoubtedly hastily gathering lanterns, arms and convicts \u2013 as well as his neighbour, John Tindale (variously Tindall, Tyndall, Tindle) \u2013 Lewis rushed out to the hut \u2018close by the Mills\u2019. He found the dead man as Lowe had reported, as well as \u2018the Hut Robbed of all its contents\u2019. On \u2018looking around\u2019 he also saw \u2018the footsteps of a great number of Blacks\u2019. ", "id": "te019c", "source": "Reverend William Horton, Wesleyan Missionary Papers, 3 June 1823, ML BT 52, V4, p. 1268; Deposition re death of James Buckley, suspected murdered by Aborigines, 29 May 1824, SRNSW, NRS 897, 6065, 4\/1799, pp. 47\u201350. ", "datestart": "1824-05-25", "dateend": "1824-05-25", "udatestart": -4594874692000, "udateend": -4594874692000, "latitude": "-33.184", "longitude": "149.623", "linkback": "https:\/\/australianwars.net", "TLCMapLinkBack": "https:\/\/tlcmap.org\/search?id=te019c", "TLCMapDataset": "https:\/\/tlcmap.org\/publicdatasets\/2008" }, "display": { "popup": { "links": [ { "text": "TLCMap Record: te019c", "link": "https:\/\/tlcmap.org\/search?id=te019c" }, { "text": "TLCMap Layer", "link": "https:\/\/tlcmap.org\/publicdatasets\/2008" } ] }, "source": { "TLCMapID": { "id": "te019c", "url": "https:\/\/tlcmap.org\/search?id=te019c" }, "Layer": { "name": "First Wiradjuri War and Resistance (community contributed)", "url": "https:\/\/tlcmap.org\/publicdatasets\/2008" } } } }, { "type": "Feature", "geometry": { "type": "Point", "coordinates": [ 149.68082428, -33.13539503 ] }, "properties": { "name": "Raid and attack on 'Warren Gunyah'", "placename": "Warren Gunyah", "description": "The next morning (26th), Lewis \u2018proceeded with Tindale to his station, distant about Four Miles\u2019. At Tindale\u2019s \u2018Warren-Gunyah\u2019 they came across an even more gruesome find. There they \u2018saw the Hut with a quantity of Brush drew around it, and the Hut burnt down\u2019. When they looked inside the remains of the hut, they \u2018saw the bodies of two men parts of which had been Burnt away\u2019. A more detailed investigation of Tindale\u2019s property led to the discovery of another dead man. In the daylight, as Lewis later told Commandant Morisset, \u2018on looking around \u2026 we found the body of James Buckley one of Mr Tindall\u2019s Servants as Corpse about Fifty yards from the Hut\u2019.", "id": "te019d", "source": "Deposition re death of James Buckley, suspected murdered by Aborigines, 29 May 1824, SRNSW, NRS 897, 6065, 4\/1799, pp. 47\u201350; Gazette, 12 August 1824, p. 2.", "datestart": "1824-05-25", "dateend": "1824-05-25", "udatestart": -4594874692000, "udateend": -4594874692000, "latitude": "-33.13539503", "longitude": "149.68082428", "linkback": "https:\/\/australianwars.net", "TLCMapLinkBack": "https:\/\/tlcmap.org\/search?id=te019d", "TLCMapDataset": "https:\/\/tlcmap.org\/publicdatasets\/2008" }, "display": { "popup": { "links": [ { "text": "TLCMap Record: te019d", "link": "https:\/\/tlcmap.org\/search?id=te019d" }, { "text": "TLCMap Layer", "link": "https:\/\/tlcmap.org\/publicdatasets\/2008" } ] }, "source": { "TLCMapID": { "id": "te019d", "url": "https:\/\/tlcmap.org\/search?id=te019d" }, "Layer": { "name": "First Wiradjuri War and Resistance (community contributed)", "url": "https:\/\/tlcmap.org\/publicdatasets\/2008" } } } }, { "type": "Feature", "geometry": { "type": "Point", "coordinates": [ 149.60542202, -33.41894107 ] }, "properties": { "name": "Raid and attack on 'Milla-Murrah'", "placename": "Milla-Murrah", "description": "At absentee landlord Samuel Terry's station \u2018Milla-Murrah\u2019, George Cheshire and William Lee found \u2018two shepherds and one hut-keeper killed by the natives'. The Wiradyjuri warriors had \u2018proceeded to break up and destroy every article of convenience about the place; 12 sheep were killed and eaten at their camp \u2026 [and] Several other sheep were also killed, and many wounded\u2019. The Gazette newspaper later reported \u2018that the natives have in their possession 7 stands of arms, with plenty of ammunition\u2019. If 'Milla-Murrah' was the 'Murdering Hut' it may well have been targetted. Salisbury and Gresser, Windradyne of the Wiradjuri, pp. 22-3. Salisbury and Gresser noted that \u2018Millah-Murrah\u2019 was nearby \u2018Tanawarra\u2019, a \u2018native cemetery\u2019, and that it was also \u2018the location of the \u201cMurdering Hut\u201d\u2019, where it seems poison had been laid out for unsuspecting Wiradyjuri. According to Gresser, it was \u2018nearby\u2019 (not on) \u2018Tanawarra\u2019, the \u2018native cemetery\u2019. Gresser notes that \u2018Mullah-murrah\u2019 meant \u2018many eyes\u2019. ", "id": "te019e", "source": "Reverend William Horton, Wesleyan Missionary Papers, 3 June 1823, ML BT 52, V4, p. 1268; Gazette, 10 June 1824, p. 2; Depositions re bodies of men killed by Aborigines, 29 May 1824, SRNSW, NRS 897, 6065, 4\/1799, pp. 55\u201358; Gresser Papers, BDHSMA, pp. 24\u201353; Salisbury and Gresser, Windradyne of the Wiradjuri, pp. 22-3", "datestart": "1824-05-25", "dateend": "1824-05-25", "udatestart": -4594874692000, "udateend": -4594874692000, "latitude": "-33.41894107", "longitude": "149.60542202", "linkback": "https:\/\/australianwars.net", "TLCMapLinkBack": "https:\/\/tlcmap.org\/search?id=te019e", "TLCMapDataset": "https:\/\/tlcmap.org\/publicdatasets\/2008" }, "display": { "popup": { "links": [ { "text": "TLCMap Record: te019e", "link": "https:\/\/tlcmap.org\/search?id=te019e" }, { "text": "TLCMap Layer", "link": "https:\/\/tlcmap.org\/publicdatasets\/2008" } ] }, "source": { "TLCMapID": { "id": "te019e", "url": "https:\/\/tlcmap.org\/search?id=te019e" }, "Layer": { "name": "First Wiradjuri War and Resistance (community contributed)", "url": "https:\/\/tlcmap.org\/publicdatasets\/2008" } } } }, { "type": "Feature", "geometry": { "type": "Point", "coordinates": [ 149.62260962, -33.67596137 ] }, "properties": { "name": "Station raided", "placename": "Arkell's station ", "description": "In the \u2018latter part of May\u2019, shepherd James Carter at Arkell\u2019s station (\u2018about 28 miles from Bathurst, and 14 from O\u2019Connell Plains\u2019) reported that \u2018the natives took from him 490 sheep\u2019. It seems they took some and then drove them off and scattered them, as he reported later that \u2018the greater part had been retrieved\u2019.", "id": "te019f", "source": "\u2018Supreme Court\u2019, Gazette, 12 August 1824, p. 2", "datestart": "1824-05-20", "dateend": "1824-05-31", "udatestart": -4595306692000, "udateend": -4594356292000, "latitude": "-33.67596137", "longitude": "149.62260962", "linkback": "https:\/\/australianwars.net", "TLCMapLinkBack": "https:\/\/tlcmap.org\/search?id=te019f", "TLCMapDataset": "https:\/\/tlcmap.org\/publicdatasets\/2008" }, "display": { "popup": { "links": [ { "text": "TLCMap Record: te019f", "link": "https:\/\/tlcmap.org\/search?id=te019f" }, { "text": "TLCMap Layer", "link": "https:\/\/tlcmap.org\/publicdatasets\/2008" } ] }, "source": { "TLCMapID": { "id": "te019f", "url": "https:\/\/tlcmap.org\/search?id=te019f" }, "Layer": { "name": "First Wiradjuri War and Resistance (community contributed)", "url": "https:\/\/tlcmap.org\/publicdatasets\/2008" } } } }, { "type": "Feature", "geometry": { "type": "Point", "coordinates": [ 149.73734379, -33.73447601 ] }, "properties": { "name": "Station raided", "placename": "Hassall's station", "description": "According to William Lane, \u2018a tribe\u2019 (it is unclear if he meant the same group as he had met earlier who he thought had 'hostile intentions') \u2018also visited James Hassall\u2019s station at the Brisbane Valley, some 15 miles from O\u2019Connell Plains\u2019, where \u2018they plundered the stockmen of all their comforts and provisions\u2019. ", "id": "te01a0", "source": "\u2018Supreme Court\u2019, Gazette, 12 August 1824, p. 2", "datestart": "1824-05-20", "dateend": "1824-05-20", "udatestart": -4595306692000, "udateend": -4595306692000, "latitude": "-33.73447601", "longitude": "149.73734379", "linkback": "https:\/\/australianwars.net", "TLCMapLinkBack": "https:\/\/tlcmap.org\/search?id=te01a0", "TLCMapDataset": "https:\/\/tlcmap.org\/publicdatasets\/2008" }, "display": { "popup": { "links": [ { "text": "TLCMap Record: te01a0", "link": "https:\/\/tlcmap.org\/search?id=te01a0" }, { "text": "TLCMap Layer", "link": "https:\/\/tlcmap.org\/publicdatasets\/2008" } ] }, "source": { "TLCMapID": { "id": "te01a0", "url": "https:\/\/tlcmap.org\/search?id=te01a0" }, "Layer": { "name": "First Wiradjuri War and Resistance (community contributed)", "url": "https:\/\/tlcmap.org\/publicdatasets\/2008" } } } }, { "type": "Feature", "geometry": { "type": "Point", "coordinates": [ 149.7373867, -33.73447601 ] }, "properties": { "name": "Attack on stockworker ", "placename": "Hassall's station", "description": "Convict stockworker John Hollingshead was \u2018in the employ of Mrs Hassall, under the superintendence of Mr [William] Lane\u2019. On 31 May he was \u2018searching for horses\u2019 when \u2018he fell in with a tribe of black natives, about 30 in number, upon the summit of a hill\u2019. According to Hollingshead, \u2018they were in ambush\u2019 and that as he was \u2018aware of disturbances that had only recently occurred, he took to flight\u2019. Obviously, word of the attacks to the north on 25 May had travelled to the south of Bathurst within six days. Then, Hollingshead recounted, the \u2018spears came flying after him in showers\u2019. He was \u2018twice wounded \u2026 but kept running, as the natives were in close pursuit with the tomahawk\u2019. Hollingshead ran for his life and \u2018came home wounded in two places; one spear having passed through the left arm, just below the elbow, and another fractured the thumb bone\u2019. He made it to \u2018within one mile of the farm\u2019, where he stumbled upon his fellow worker Alexander Grant, who had been out that morning looking for cattle. Grant said he found Hollingshead \u2018in a bleeding state, from the effect of the wounds caused by the spears\u2019. Unlike Hollingshead, Grant \u2018was riding, and attended by several dogs\u2019, which he believed meant that earlier that day he was \u2018passed unmolested\u2019 by a group of Wiradyjuri. Grant had suspected something was amiss, as that morning he had seen a group of Wiradyjuri who ignored him when he called out to them. He even recognised and \u2018named one of them\u2019, but still no word came back from the group and they passed silently by. \nThe warriors left off their pursuit of Grant and Hollingshead, and the two men managed to return to their hut. ", "id": "te01a1", "source": "Gazette, 10 June 1824, p. 2; \u2018Supreme Court\u2019, Gazette, 12 August 1824, p. 2", "datestart": "1824-05-31", "dateend": "1824-05-31", "udatestart": -4594356292000, "udateend": -4594356292000, "latitude": "-33.73447601", "longitude": "149.7373867", "linkback": "https:\/\/australianwars.net", "TLCMapLinkBack": "https:\/\/tlcmap.org\/search?id=te01a1", "TLCMapDataset": "https:\/\/tlcmap.org\/publicdatasets\/2008" }, "display": { "popup": { "links": [ { "text": "TLCMap Record: te01a1", "link": "https:\/\/tlcmap.org\/search?id=te01a1" }, { "text": "TLCMap Layer", "link": "https:\/\/tlcmap.org\/publicdatasets\/2008" } ] }, "source": { "TLCMapID": { "id": "te01a1", "url": "https:\/\/tlcmap.org\/search?id=te01a1" }, "Layer": { "name": "First Wiradjuri War and Resistance (community contributed)", "url": "https:\/\/tlcmap.org\/publicdatasets\/2008" } } } }, { "type": "Feature", "geometry": { "type": "Point", "coordinates": [ 149.75077629, -33.57300901 ] }, "properties": { "name": "Three women killed", "placename": "8-mile Swamp. ", "description": "After the attack on Hollingshead on 31 May, according to Grant, \u2018consternation among the men on the estate increased\u2019, and the Hassall's overseer William Lane and some men arrived \u2018equipped for an expedition after the natives\u2019. Lane ordered Grant to accompany them \u2018as he had so lately seen a party\u2019. Some of the other convict stockworkers apparently begged \u2018to be allowed arms, that they might go in pursuit of the natives, else they would all be murdered\u2019. Of Lane\u2019s scratch force, only four of the party had muskets, and the fifth (Henry Castles) \u2018could only obtain a sword\u2019. They went out to where Hollingshead had been pursued (the southeast direction, \u2018close to the main road leading from O\u2019Connel-plains\u2019) and apparently returned that night after a \u2018fruitless \u2026 expedition\u2019, failing to fall in \u2018with any of the natives\u2019. Grant said that when they were \u2018scouring the woods\u2019 he became separated from the others, so he went to \u2018ascertain the safety of the flocks, and the stock-keepers\u2019. Then \u2018at a place called the 8-mile swamp, 7 miles from the main road, he espied the same tribe he had seen in the morning\u2019. Grant called out to \u2018Joe, one of the chiefs\u2019, who replied \u2018in an abusive and insolent way\u2019. He called to another man he obviously recognised, \u2018Simon\u2019, and in reply was \u2018answered with a shower of spears\u2019. The three women\u2019s bodies were later found by Henry Trickey, a \u2018crown servant\u2019 in the employ of merchant and whaling entrepreneur Captain Thomas Raine. Trickey said he lived \u2018on his master\u2019s estate at the two-mile creek, distant five miles from O\u2019Connel-plains, and eighteen from Bathurst\u2019, called \u2018Rainville\u2019. While he was travelling \u2018between Sidmouth Valley and the two-mile creek, a trifling distance from the main road to Bathurst\u2019, Trickey\u2019s \u2018attention was arrested by a large quantity of crows, eaglehawks, and other birds of prey\u2019. He was then \u2018surprised to find the bodies of three black women\u2019, on ground \u2018called the Government reserve\u2019. William Lawson Junior was to write two weeks after the event that the women were killed in sheer frustration at not finding any warriors. He believed Lane\u2019s party \u2018fell in with a horde of their women and despatched them in return for the men\u2019.", "id": "te01a2", "source": "Gazette, 10 June 1824, p. 2, Gazette, 12 August 1824, p. 2; Salisbury and Gresser, Windradyne of the Wiradjuri, pp. 25, 48. William Lawson Junior to Nelson Lawson, 14 June 1824, in Beard (ed.), Old Ironbark, p. 37. ", "datestart": "1824-06-01", "dateend": "1824-06-01", "udatestart": -4594269892000, "udateend": -4594269892000, "latitude": "-33.57300901", "longitude": "149.75077629", "linkback": "https:\/\/australianwars.net", "TLCMapLinkBack": "https:\/\/tlcmap.org\/search?id=te01a2", "TLCMapDataset": "https:\/\/tlcmap.org\/publicdatasets\/2008" }, "display": { "popup": { "links": [ { "text": "TLCMap Record: te01a2", "link": "https:\/\/tlcmap.org\/search?id=te01a2" }, { "text": "TLCMap Layer", "link": "https:\/\/tlcmap.org\/publicdatasets\/2008" } ] }, "source": { "TLCMapID": { "id": "te01a2", "url": "https:\/\/tlcmap.org\/search?id=te01a2" }, "Layer": { "name": "First Wiradjuri War and Resistance (community contributed)", "url": "https:\/\/tlcmap.org\/publicdatasets\/2008" } } } }, { "type": "Feature", "geometry": { "type": "Point", "coordinates": [ 149.75481033, -33.57637004 ] }, "properties": { "name": "Attack on stockworker", "placename": "Near 8-mile swamp", "description": "Then \u2018at a place called the 8-mile swamp, 7 miles from the main road, Grant saw the same tribe he had seen in the morning\u2019. Grant called out to \u2018Joe, one of the chiefs\u2019, who replied \u2018in an abusive and insolent way\u2019. He called to another man he obviously recognised, \u2018Simon\u2019, and in reply was \u2018answered with a shower of spears\u2019. Grant then was \u2018compelled to retreat in quest of his companions \u2026 who were 3 miles away\u2019. ", "id": "te01a3", "source": "Gazette, 10 June 1824, p. 2, Gazette, 12 August 1824, p. 2; Salisbury and Gresser, Windradyne of the Wiradjuri, pp. 25, 48. William Lawson Junior to Nelson Lawson, 14 June 1824, in Beard (ed.), Old Ironbark, p. 37.", "datestart": "1824-06-01", "dateend": "1824-06-01", "udatestart": -4594269892000, "udateend": -4594269892000, "latitude": "-33.57637004", "longitude": "149.75481033", "linkback": "https:\/\/australianwars.net", "TLCMapLinkBack": "https:\/\/tlcmap.org\/search?id=te01a3", "TLCMapDataset": "https:\/\/tlcmap.org\/publicdatasets\/2008" }, "display": { "popup": { "links": [ { "text": "TLCMap Record: te01a3", "link": "https:\/\/tlcmap.org\/search?id=te01a3" }, { "text": "TLCMap Layer", "link": "https:\/\/tlcmap.org\/publicdatasets\/2008" } ] }, "source": { "TLCMapID": { "id": "te01a3", "url": "https:\/\/tlcmap.org\/search?id=te01a3" }, "Layer": { "name": "First Wiradjuri War and Resistance (community contributed)", "url": "https:\/\/tlcmap.org\/publicdatasets\/2008" } } } }, { "type": "Feature", "geometry": { "type": "Point", "coordinates": [ 149.57456589, -32.61682177 ] }, "properties": { "name": "An \u2018affair'", "placename": "Near Mudgee", "description": "According to shepherd James Lowe, in early June \u2018a number of people and a party of soldiers\u2019 were already \u2018in pursuit of the natives\u2019. The Gazette also reported that \u2018a party went out in quest of the natives\u2019, although it was concerned they went \u2018for the purpose of spreading destruction amongst their ranks\u2019. The result may well have been what \u2018Candid\u2019 was to note in the Gazette in August \u2013 that \u2018in an affair which took place at or near Mudjee five blacks were killed\u2019, but this remains unclear which event Candid is refering to and whether it was a combat or a massacre. \u2018Candid\u2019, writing from Parramatta on 29 July, asked whether \u2018parties of the blacks were found and fired upon?\u2019 and suggested that reports of \u2018only five natives\u2019 being killed must be incorrect. Gazette, 12 August, 1824, p. 2", "id": "te01a4", "source": "\u2018Candid\u2019, Gazette, 12 August, 1824, p. 2", "datestart": "1824-06-01", "dateend": "1824-07-31", "udatestart": -4594269892000, "udateend": -4589085892000, "latitude": "-32.61682177", "longitude": "149.57456589", "linkback": "https:\/\/australianwars.net", "TLCMapLinkBack": "https:\/\/tlcmap.org\/search?id=te01a4", "TLCMapDataset": "https:\/\/tlcmap.org\/publicdatasets\/2008" }, "display": { "popup": { "links": [ { "text": "TLCMap Record: te01a4", "link": "https:\/\/tlcmap.org\/search?id=te01a4" }, { "text": "TLCMap Layer", "link": "https:\/\/tlcmap.org\/publicdatasets\/2008" } ] }, "source": { "TLCMapID": { "id": "te01a4", "url": "https:\/\/tlcmap.org\/search?id=te01a4" }, "Layer": { "name": "First Wiradjuri War and Resistance (community contributed)", "url": "https:\/\/tlcmap.org\/publicdatasets\/2008" } } } }, { "type": "Feature", "geometry": { "type": "Point", "coordinates": [ 149.58486557, -33.41725751 ] }, "properties": { "name": "Dispersion", "placename": "Bathurst region", "description": "\u2018Fidelis\u2019 (probably William Cox) complained in the Gazette that it was unfortunate that \u2018after the dispersion of those attacked by the mounted settlers from Bathurst, their summary measures were not followed up by the detachment of the military\u2019. This force may not have been sanctioned by Commandant Morisset at Bathurst and may well have been ex-sergeant Tom Miller and his twenty armed men who went out 'and shot any they came across' (though Miller says he was directed to do so). ", "id": "te01a5", "source": "\u2018Fidelis\u2019, Gazette, 5 August 1824, p. 4", "datestart": "1824-06-01", "dateend": "1824-06-01", "udatestart": -4594269892000, "udateend": -4594269892000, "latitude": "-33.41725751", "longitude": "149.58486557", "linkback": "https:\/\/australianwars.net", "TLCMapLinkBack": "https:\/\/tlcmap.org\/search?id=te01a5", "TLCMapDataset": "https:\/\/tlcmap.org\/publicdatasets\/2008" }, "display": { "popup": { "links": [ { "text": "TLCMap Record: te01a5", "link": "https:\/\/tlcmap.org\/search?id=te01a5" }, { "text": "TLCMap Layer", "link": "https:\/\/tlcmap.org\/publicdatasets\/2008" } ] }, "source": { "TLCMapID": { "id": "te01a5", "url": "https:\/\/tlcmap.org\/search?id=te01a5" }, "Layer": { "name": "First Wiradjuri War and Resistance (community contributed)", "url": "https:\/\/tlcmap.org\/publicdatasets\/2008" } } } }, { "type": "Feature", "geometry": { "type": "Point", "coordinates": [ 149.59928513, -32.59397374 ] }, "properties": { "name": "Attack on overseer", "placename": "Near Mudgee", "description": "Commandant Morisset sent \u2018Lieutenant Lowe with a detachment of 12 men\u2019 out with an \u2018Overseer and a Constable this morning (25th June) for Mudgee\u2019. The overseer of \u2018Mr Cox\u2019s \u2026 station at Mudgee\u2019, Theophilus Chamberlain, had informed Morisset that there was \u2018a Tribe of Natives\u2019 near the Cox\u2019s run who \u2018last Monday overtook him on his road home and would have murdered him had he not fortunately been mounted which enabled him to escape from them\u2019. He also saw they had \u2018destroy\u2019d Two Cows\u2019. As with Baker\u2019s earlier march into the Wiagdon Ranges and back, Lieutenant Lowe\u2019s detachment failed to find any Wiradyjuri near Mudgee. ", "id": "te01a6", "source": "Morisset to Goulburn, 25 June 1824, SRNSW, NRS 897, 6065, 4\/1800, pp. 77\u201380", "datestart": "1824-06-21", "dateend": "1824-06-21", "udatestart": -4592541892000, "udateend": -4592541892000, "latitude": "-32.59397374", "longitude": "149.59928513", "linkback": "https:\/\/australianwars.net", "TLCMapLinkBack": "https:\/\/tlcmap.org\/search?id=te01a6", "TLCMapDataset": "https:\/\/tlcmap.org\/publicdatasets\/2008" }, "display": { "popup": { "links": [ { "text": "TLCMap Record: te01a6", "link": "https:\/\/tlcmap.org\/search?id=te01a6" }, { "text": "TLCMap Layer", "link": "https:\/\/tlcmap.org\/publicdatasets\/2008" } ] }, "source": { "TLCMapID": { "id": "te01a6", "url": "https:\/\/tlcmap.org\/search?id=te01a6" }, "Layer": { "name": "First Wiradjuri War and Resistance (community contributed)", "url": "https:\/\/tlcmap.org\/publicdatasets\/2008" } } } }, { "type": "Feature", "geometry": { "type": "Point", "coordinates": [ 149.57473755, -33.72562462 ] }, "properties": { "name": "Attack on stockworkers", "placename": "Lawson's 'upper station' on Campbell's River", "description": "As the Gazette put it: while holding the Commandancy of the Settlement of Bathurst [Lawson], behaved in the most kind and conciliatory way regarding the mountain tribes, and was supposed, in return, to enjoy their good will, and be without the reach of their ingratitude and treachery; but recent lamentable instances demonstrate the contrary. At Lawson\u2019s \u2018upper station\u2019 on \u2018Campbell\u2019s River\u2019, \u2018Mr. Lawson \u2026 lost four men, who were cut off by the savages; and, very lately, three others have also fallen victims to aboriginal barbarity\u2019. Some of Lawson\u2019s men had been killed and their bodies mutilated in a particularly gruesome manner. It may have been that the killing of three women by William Lane\u2019s men had been avenged, perhaps by the \u2018chiefs\u2019 Joe and Simon and their warriors. The Hassalls\u2019 overseer, Thomas Fisher, wrote that unarmed stockworkers took refuge together in their huts and some shepherds had been \u2018drove quite away\u2019.\n", "id": "te01a7", "source": "Gazette, 5 August 1824, p. 2; Australasian Pocket Almanack \u2026 1822\u20131826, p. 134; Fisher to Hassall, 20 July 1824, ML, Hassall Correspondence, vol. 3, pp. 1563\u201364; William John Dumaresq, \u2018A ride to Bathurst, 1827\u2019, in Mackaness (ed.), Fourteen Journeys, p. 192", "datestart": "1824-07-10", "dateend": "1824-07-20", "udatestart": -4590900292000, "udateend": -4590036292000, "latitude": "-33.72562462", "longitude": "149.57473755", "linkback": "https:\/\/australianwars.net", "TLCMapLinkBack": "https:\/\/tlcmap.org\/search?id=te01a7", "TLCMapDataset": "https:\/\/tlcmap.org\/publicdatasets\/2008" }, "display": { "popup": { "links": [ { "text": "TLCMap Record: te01a7", "link": "https:\/\/tlcmap.org\/search?id=te01a7" }, { "text": "TLCMap Layer", "link": "https:\/\/tlcmap.org\/publicdatasets\/2008" } ] }, "source": { "TLCMapID": { "id": "te01a7", "url": "https:\/\/tlcmap.org\/search?id=te01a7" }, "Layer": { "name": "First Wiradjuri War and Resistance (community contributed)", "url": "https:\/\/tlcmap.org\/publicdatasets\/2008" } } } }, { "type": "Feature", "geometry": { "type": "Point", "coordinates": [ 149.57611084, -33.72334024 ] }, "properties": { "name": "Attack on stockworkers", "placename": "Unclear, possible Lawson's station", "description": "The Gazette noted seven deaths, but Fisher and a later report 5 dead. At Lawson\u2019s \u2018upper station\u2019 on \u2018Campbell\u2019s River\u2019, \u2018Mr. Lawson \u2026 lost four men, who were cut off by the savages; and, very lately, three others have also fallen victims to aboriginal barbarity\u2019. Fisher wrote to his employer on 20 July that he had \u2018just returned from the [Bathurst] Plains\u2019 and was sorry to say that while he was there \u2018Mr Lawson\u2019s overseer and young Mr Lawson came to inform the Commandant that another of their men are found killed by the natives at their Upper Station by Campbell\u2019s River\u2019. He also noted that Lawson and his overseer could not say what \u2018further mischief\u2019 had been done \u2018as none of their Men or Cattle and flocks were to be found\u2019. The Gazette noted the \u2018Gentleman who had been proverbially kind to them [Lawson]\u2019 had \u2018two hundred and fifty fine sheep\u2019 killed. ", "id": "te01a8", "source": "Gazette, 5 August 1824, p. 2; Australasian Pocket Almanack \u2026 1822\u20131826, p. 134; Fisher to Hassall, 20 July 1824, ML, Hassall Correspondence, vol. 3, pp. 1563\u201364; William John Dumaresq, \u2018A ride to Bathurst, 1827\u2019, in Mackaness (ed.), Fourteen Journeys, p. 192", "datestart": "1824-07-10", "dateend": "1824-07-20", "udatestart": -4590900292000, "udateend": -4590036292000, "latitude": "-33.72334024", "longitude": "149.57611084", "linkback": "https:\/\/australianwars.net", "TLCMapLinkBack": "https:\/\/tlcmap.org\/search?id=te01a8", "TLCMapDataset": "https:\/\/tlcmap.org\/publicdatasets\/2008" }, "display": { "popup": { "links": [ { "text": "TLCMap Record: te01a8", "link": "https:\/\/tlcmap.org\/search?id=te01a8" }, { "text": "TLCMap Layer", "link": "https:\/\/tlcmap.org\/publicdatasets\/2008" } ] }, "source": { "TLCMapID": { "id": "te01a8", "url": "https:\/\/tlcmap.org\/search?id=te01a8" }, "Layer": { "name": "First Wiradjuri War and Resistance (community contributed)", "url": "https:\/\/tlcmap.org\/publicdatasets\/2008" } } } }, { "type": "Feature", "geometry": { "type": "Point", "coordinates": [ 149.45835114, -32.3730026 ] }, "properties": { "name": "Encounter at 'Guntawang'", "placename": "Guntawang' near Mudgee", "description": "In late July, \u2018Candid\u2019 wrote to the Gazette, concerned to know the true extent of Wiradyjuri people who had been killed over the last two months. In one \u2018instance\u2019, Candid asked, \u2018was not the resistance of the blacks so obstinate that, notwithstanding the fire of the English, the blacks were the masters of the field?\u2019 There are no other details of the engagement that \u2018Candid\u2019 mentions. It seems in July there was a battle or skirmish ending in a Wiradyjuri victory that those involved \u2013 or the Bathurst authorities \u2013 were reluctant to mention. This may well have been what William Cox\u2019s son, George, was later to describe as an \u2018encounter\u2019 at \u2018Guntawang\u2019, where he said \u2018no less than seven whites were killed, while the number of blacks slaughtered was never ascertained\u2019. ", "id": "te01a9", "source": "\u2018Candid, July 29\u2019, Gazette, 12 August 1824, p. 2; Cox, \u2018History of Mudgee\u2019, p. 44; \u2018The Bathurst Blacks\u2019, \u2018Honestus\u2019, Gazette, 9 August 1824, p. 2, Gazette, 12 August 1824, p. 4; \u2018Subscriber\u2019, Gazette, 5 August 1824, p. 4", "datestart": "1824-07-01", "dateend": "1824-07-31", "udatestart": -4591677892000, "udateend": -4589085892000, "latitude": "-32.3730026", "longitude": "149.45835114", "linkback": "https:\/\/australianwars.net", "TLCMapLinkBack": "https:\/\/tlcmap.org\/search?id=te01a9", "TLCMapDataset": "https:\/\/tlcmap.org\/publicdatasets\/2008" }, "display": { "popup": { "links": [ { "text": "TLCMap Record: te01a9", "link": "https:\/\/tlcmap.org\/search?id=te01a9" }, { "text": "TLCMap Layer", "link": "https:\/\/tlcmap.org\/publicdatasets\/2008" } ] }, "source": { "TLCMapID": { "id": "te01a9", "url": "https:\/\/tlcmap.org\/search?id=te01a9" }, "Layer": { "name": "First Wiradjuri War and Resistance (community contributed)", "url": "https:\/\/tlcmap.org\/publicdatasets\/2008" } } } }, { "type": "Feature", "geometry": { "type": "Point", "coordinates": [ 149.58555222, -33.41174095 ] }, "properties": { "name": "Raids on stock", "placename": "Bathurst region", "description": "In early August the Gazette noted further stock losses 'Further intelligence from the Bathurst country furnishes a most distressing aspect from the continued atrocities of the black natives \u2026 Owing to those recent atrocities, the immense stock upon the other side of the mountains, is becoming scattered over the whole country: the shepherds and stock-keepers have necessarily abandoned their charge to the rapacity of the natives'. ", "id": "te01aa", "source": "Gazette, 5 August 1824, p. 2", "datestart": "1824-07-01", "dateend": "1824-07-31", "udatestart": -4591677892000, "udateend": -4589085892000, "latitude": "-33.41174095", "longitude": "149.58555222", "linkback": "https:\/\/australianwars.net", "TLCMapLinkBack": "https:\/\/tlcmap.org\/search?id=te01aa", "TLCMapDataset": "https:\/\/tlcmap.org\/publicdatasets\/2008" }, "display": { "popup": { "links": [ { "text": "TLCMap Record: te01aa", "link": "https:\/\/tlcmap.org\/search?id=te01aa" }, { "text": "TLCMap Layer", "link": "https:\/\/tlcmap.org\/publicdatasets\/2008" } ] }, "source": { "TLCMapID": { "id": "te01aa", "url": "https:\/\/tlcmap.org\/search?id=te01aa" }, "Layer": { "name": "First Wiradjuri War and Resistance (community contributed)", "url": "https:\/\/tlcmap.org\/publicdatasets\/2008" } } } }, { "type": "Feature", "geometry": { "type": "Point", "coordinates": [ 150.0318718, -32.87165783 ] }, "properties": { "name": "Massacre", "placename": "Cudgegong River at Dabee", "description": "George Henry Cox described how there were \u2018very many sad scenes\u2019 when \u2018a war nearly of extermination was declared\u2019. He recalled that \u2018an immense number of the natives, men, women and children, were slaughtered at Mudgee and amongst them poor old Aaron our guide. He was shot in the long reach of water at Dabee\u2019. At the time, in mid-August, just before martial law was declared, questions were asked about \u2018more particulars \u2026 as to the death of Ering [Aaron] and others\u2019. \u2018Candid\u2019 asked the Gazette to confirm if \u2018sixty or seventy\u2019 people, rather than the five reported, had died \u2018in an affair which took place at or near Mudjee\u2019 and whether \u2018old Erin [Aaron]\u2019 was \u2018dead or alive\u2019 and \u2018if dead, in what way did he die?\u2019 There were no replies to those questions in the Gazette. As we have seen, according to George Henry Cox, Aaron was shot in a massacre on the upper Cudgegong River, suggesting that 60-70 people were indeed killed in this massacre. ", "id": "te01ab", "source": "Cox, \u2018History of Mudgee\u2019, pp. 44, 46. Henry Cox quoted in George Cox, \u2018Mudgee in the early days\u2019, p. 5. Peter Swain thinks the \u2018long reach of water at Dabee\u2019 would be between the current \u2018Dabee\u2019 property and where the river begins to wind as the valley narrows. Peter Swain, interview and sites tour, 28 January 2021. Gazette, 12 August 1824, p. 4, Gazette, 19 August 1824, p. 4.", "datestart": "1824-07-01", "dateend": "1824-07-31", "udatestart": -4591677892000, "udateend": -4589085892000, "latitude": "-32.87165783", "longitude": "150.0318718", "linkback": "https:\/\/australianwars.net", "TLCMapLinkBack": "https:\/\/tlcmap.org\/search?id=te01ab", "TLCMapDataset": "https:\/\/tlcmap.org\/publicdatasets\/2008" }, "display": { "popup": { "links": [ { "text": "TLCMap Record: te01ab", "link": "https:\/\/tlcmap.org\/search?id=te01ab" }, { "text": "TLCMap Layer", "link": "https:\/\/tlcmap.org\/publicdatasets\/2008" } ] }, "source": { "TLCMapID": { "id": "te01ab", "url": "https:\/\/tlcmap.org\/search?id=te01ab" }, "Layer": { "name": "First Wiradjuri War and Resistance (community contributed)", "url": "https:\/\/tlcmap.org\/publicdatasets\/2008" } } } }, { "type": "Feature", "geometry": { "type": "Point", "coordinates": [ 149.57302094, -32.66828079 ] }, "properties": { "name": "Attack on Chamberlain", "placename": "NNW of Cudgegong River", "description": "In September 1824, a man known to the colonists around Bathurst as \u2018Blucher\u2019 was leading a large group of Wiradyjuri people away from the cattle and sheep stations that had been established on the Cudgegong River valley near present-day Mudgee. Blucher had around a hundred people in his warband, including women and children and a strong force of over forty warriors. They were herding about forty head of cattle, travelling around a hundred kilometres north-northwest of the Cudgegong River (possibly near today\u2019s Avisford Nature Reserve), in rugged terrain well away from the open terrain of the river flats. Blucher\u2019s people were soon being tracked by reportedly one of the most ruthless characters in the district \u2013 Theophilus Chamberlain, overseer for George and Henry Cox\u2019s cattle and sheep runs in the Mudgee area. On or around 10 September, on the Cudgegong River, about 130 kilometres north of Bathurst, Chamberlain was with two stockmen, somewhere between the Coxes\u2019 \u2018Dabee Farm\u2019 (later \u2018Rawdon\u2019, near current-day Rylstone) and the Mudgee area, when they \u2018fell in with a tract [tracks] of cattle\u2019 heading away from the main river. \nThe \u2018well armed and mounted\u2019 trio decided to investigate, following the cattle tracks. After travelling around \u201860 miles to the N. N. W. [north-northwest]\u2019, the stockmen \u2018saw a very large number of natives\u2019 who were driving \u2018about 40 head\u2019 of \u2018horned cattle before them\u2019. Blucher attacked at once. He led thirty warriors straight at the men, who turned their horses and fled. To Chamberlain\u2019s surprise, Blucher\u2019s men were so intent on killing them that they kept pace with the three horsemen. As they ran, the warriors were skilfully peppering the three stockmen with a hail of spears and boomerangs. Blucher led his men from the front in the all-out attack against Chamberlain. Chamberlain\u2019s horse was then struck by a boomerang, which \u2018cut a piece out on the ribs\u2019. At this point, the overseer decided that a counterattack was the best method of survival for himself and his stockmen. Bringing their muskets to bear \u2013 rather than fleeing on horseback, unable to shoot and reload \u2013 was a smart tactic. Despite being outnumbered ten to one, Chamberlain \u2018turned the horse round\u2019, took aim at the boomerang thrower and \u2018shot the man dead\u2019. \nAs it was later reported in the Sydney Gazette and New South Wales Advertiser (Gazette) newspaper, Chamberlain \u2018again retreated, loaded, and turned the second time, and shot the headmost native dead. He then retrograded again, loaded, turned, and shot a third man dead, whereupon the natives stopped\u2019. Their leader, Blucher, was dead. The rest of the warriors broke off the attack. \nThe overseer \u2018with his two men rode on till after dark\u2019, at which point they rested and \u2018remained all night without any fire, fearful of being discovered\u2019. \n", "id": "te01ac", "source": "Gazette, 16 September 1824, p. 2 and 30 September 1824, p. 2", "datestart": "1824-09-10", "dateend": "1824-09-10", "udatestart": -4585543492000, "udateend": -4585543492000, "latitude": "-32.66828079", "longitude": "149.57302094", "linkback": "https:\/\/australianwars.net", "TLCMapLinkBack": "https:\/\/tlcmap.org\/search?id=te01ac", "TLCMapDataset": "https:\/\/tlcmap.org\/publicdatasets\/2008" }, "display": { "popup": { "links": [ { "text": "TLCMap Record: te01ac", "link": "https:\/\/tlcmap.org\/search?id=te01ac" }, { "text": "TLCMap Layer", "link": "https:\/\/tlcmap.org\/publicdatasets\/2008" } ] }, "source": { "TLCMapID": { "id": "te01ac", "url": "https:\/\/tlcmap.org\/search?id=te01ac" }, "Layer": { "name": "First Wiradjuri War and Resistance (community contributed)", "url": "https:\/\/tlcmap.org\/publicdatasets\/2008" } } } }, { "type": "Feature", "geometry": { "type": "Point", "coordinates": [ 149.57559586, -32.66221132 ] }, "properties": { "name": "Counterattack by Chamberlain", "placename": "NNW of Cudgegong River", "description": "After escaping the attack by Blucher's warriors Chamberlain and his men were returning to Mudgee when they came across an unexpected sight. They found a place \u2018where there were a number of natives\u2019 fires, and an immense quantity of arms laying round them, consisting of spears, boo-merrings, &c\u2019. Strangely, there was \u2018not a living person to be seen\u2019. They had stumbled across the camp of the warband they had fought the day before. The Wiradyjuri had left their weaponry at the camp, as they were conducting the ceremonies or sorry business associated with burying their leader and two other warriors \u2013 men who may also have had leadership status in the united warband of several combined family groups. Chamberlain recognised an opportunity. The party \u2018immediately dis-mounted, and heaped the whole of the arms on the fires\u2019. The mourners would have seen plumes of smoke rising from their camp. The whole warband, \u2018men, women and children\u2019, then raced back in a \u2018great fury\u2019; Chamberlain and his companions \u2018immediately mounted their horses and retreated\u2019. Again, around forty warriors pursued them, once more keeping pace with their horses. But \u2018they had few arms with them\u2019, and when Chamberlain saw \u2018they had nearly expended\u2019 their spears and boomerangs, he and his men \u2018dismounted, tied their horses together, and faced about, commencing a fire of musquetry on the natives\u2019. According to the Gazette report, they \u2018then charged them with the bayonet until they were completely routed and dispersed\u2019. There were \u2018sixteen men dead on the field\u2019 at the end of the affray. ", "id": "te01ad", "source": "Gazette, 16 September 1824, p. 2 and 30 September 1824, p. 2", "datestart": "1824-09-11", "dateend": "1824-09-11", "udatestart": -4585457092000, "udateend": -4585457092000, "latitude": "-32.66221132", "longitude": "149.57559586", "linkback": "https:\/\/australianwars.net", "TLCMapLinkBack": "https:\/\/tlcmap.org\/search?id=te01ad", "TLCMapDataset": "https:\/\/tlcmap.org\/publicdatasets\/2008" }, "display": { "popup": { "links": [ { "text": "TLCMap Record: te01ad", "link": "https:\/\/tlcmap.org\/search?id=te01ad" }, { "text": "TLCMap Layer", "link": "https:\/\/tlcmap.org\/publicdatasets\/2008" } ] }, "source": { "TLCMapID": { "id": "te01ad", "url": "https:\/\/tlcmap.org\/search?id=te01ad" }, "Layer": { "name": "First Wiradjuri War and Resistance (community contributed)", "url": "https:\/\/tlcmap.org\/publicdatasets\/2008" } } } }, { "type": "Feature", "geometry": { "type": "Point", "coordinates": [ 150.29434204, -31.84956533 ] }, "properties": { "name": "Dangar attacked by 'Bathurst Blacks'", "placename": "Mt Macarthur, north of Merriwa", "description": "In October 1824 Assistant Surveyor Henry Dangar set off from the Hunter River on an \u2018expedition\u2019 to determine its \u2018nature and point of junction\u2019 with the Goulburn River, and to find a good route over the ranges to the Liverpool Plains. On 14 October, Dangar\u2019s party was preparing to cross the Liverpool Range near what Cunningham had earlier called Mount Macarthur, when they were \u2018attacked by a large body of natives\u2019. For three hours, a fight ensued between what Dangar described as \u2018the Bathurst Blacks\u2019 and his party. Dangar\u2019s men were undoubtedly well-armed and probably took cover while the warriors, wary of musketry from recent experiences, tried to pick them off. They managed to spear one man in the head and \u2018killed a horse\u2019 before departing with a packhorse laden with provisions. Dangar later wrote that he and his party \u2018were near being cut off and annihilated by the natives\u2019. How Dangar knew that it was \u2018the Bathurst Blacks\u2019 they had fought with at \u2018Mount Macarthur\u2019, north of Merriwa \u2013 well over 200 kilometres from Bathurst \u2013 can be attributed to the members of Dangar\u2019s party. Along with another surveyor, John Richards, and \u2018two servants Williamson and Allen\u2019, was an unnamed \u2018black boy\u2019. The fact the warriors had attacked Dangar\u2019s party without hesitation suggests it may well have been Windradyne\u2019s warband, on the move away from Morisset\u2019s September campaign. One historian suggests there were 'possibly 150' warriors but provides no source for this. ", "id": "te01ae", "source": "Gazette, 4 November 1824, p. 2; Dunn, The Convict Valley, p. 124. According to Wood they were attacked by \u2018possibly 150 in number\u2019. Wood, Dawn in the Valley, pp. 43\u201345; Gray, \u2018Dangar, Henry (1796\u20131861)\u2019, ADB.", "datestart": "1824-10-14", "dateend": "1824-10-14", "udatestart": -4582605892000, "udateend": -4582605892000, "latitude": "-31.84956533", "longitude": "150.29434204", "linkback": "https:\/\/australianwars.net", "TLCMapLinkBack": "https:\/\/tlcmap.org\/search?id=te01ae", "TLCMapDataset": "https:\/\/tlcmap.org\/publicdatasets\/2008" }, "display": { "popup": { "links": [ { "text": "TLCMap Record: te01ae", "link": "https:\/\/tlcmap.org\/search?id=te01ae" }, { "text": "TLCMap Layer", "link": "https:\/\/tlcmap.org\/publicdatasets\/2008" } ] }, "source": { "TLCMapID": { "id": "te01ae", "url": "https:\/\/tlcmap.org\/search?id=te01ae" }, "Layer": { "name": "First Wiradjuri War and Resistance (community contributed)", "url": "https:\/\/tlcmap.org\/publicdatasets\/2008" } } } }, { "type": "Feature", "geometry": { "type": "Point", "coordinates": [ 149.52907562, -33.38615961 ] }, "properties": { "name": "Gunshot wounds reported being 'dressed' in Wellington", "placename": "the surrounding vicinity' of Bathurst", "description": "In October \u2013 basing its report on \u2018information\u2019 received from the district \u2013 the Gazette suggested that while the \u2018exterminating war\u2019 was going on around Bathurst and \u2018its surrounding vicinity\u2019, it was a very different story at Wellington. Here, according to the Gazette, \u2018peace reigns around the smiling and ever verdant valley\u2019. The Gazette report continued, \u2018The information further states that the poor objects [Wiradyjuri] often visit Wellington Valley with gun shot wounds, in order to obtain relief by getting them dressed!\u2019 ", "id": "te01af", "source": "Gazette, 14 October 1824, p. 2; \u2018The Aborigines\u2019, Gazette, 29 September 1825, p. 3. ", "datestart": "1824-10-01", "dateend": "1824-10-31", "udatestart": -4583729092000, "udateend": -4581137092000, "latitude": "-33.38615961", "longitude": "149.52907562", "linkback": "https:\/\/australianwars.net", "TLCMapLinkBack": "https:\/\/tlcmap.org\/search?id=te01af", "TLCMapDataset": "https:\/\/tlcmap.org\/publicdatasets\/2008" }, "display": { "popup": { "links": [ { "text": "TLCMap Record: te01af", "link": "https:\/\/tlcmap.org\/search?id=te01af" }, { "text": "TLCMap Layer", "link": "https:\/\/tlcmap.org\/publicdatasets\/2008" } ] }, "source": { "TLCMapID": { "id": "te01af", "url": "https:\/\/tlcmap.org\/search?id=te01af" }, "Layer": { "name": "First Wiradjuri War and Resistance (community contributed)", "url": "https:\/\/tlcmap.org\/publicdatasets\/2008" } } } }, { "type": "Feature", "geometry": { "type": "Point", "coordinates": [ 150.15151978, -32.92455477 ] }, "properties": { "name": "Abduction and retaliation killings", "placename": "Brymair Valley", "description": "The Dabee (and possibly other people, including the Bogee) were together in the Brymair Valley in 1824. One of these \u2018men of the Dabees\u2019 was later known as Jimmy Lambert or \u2018\u201cKing Jimmy\u201d of the Dabee Tribe\u2019. In 1824, Jimmy was a young \u2018stripling\u2019, fourteen years old. At some point around this time, Jimmy was \u2018camped in the Brima Valley\u2019 with his Dabee people when two white stockmen in a \u2018nearby hut\u2019 held a young Dabee woman for three days, until \u2018she escaped and got back to her people in a dreadful condition\u2019. The \u2018men of the Dabees\u2019 then \u2018carried out their tribal law \u2014 killed the stock-men, burned down the hut and killed and ate most of the sheep\u2019. ", "id": "te01b0", "source": "\u2018M. Lambert\u2019 told the story of the massacre to the Tribune newspaper as it had been passed down through her family. Her grandfather was the Dabee man Jimmy Lambert, who had \u2018a bullet which he had carried in his leg all his life, a bullet he got when Redcoats fired on the Blacks\u2019. His wife, Peggy, later called \u2018Queen Peggy\u2019 by Rylstone locals, was living by the Cudgegong River when she died in 1885. Jimmy lived for a time in a hut on a hillside of the Brymair Valley. As \u2018M. Lambert\u2019 wrote: \u2018That this is a true version of what happened so long ago, I have no doubt; the story was told to my father by his mother who was a step-daughter of King Jimmy\u2019. \u2018POEM RECALLS TROOPS\u2019 CRUEL MASSACRE Contributed by M. Lambert\u2019, Tribune, 26 April 1961, p. 7. Emma Syme\u2019s \u2018Great Great Grandmother\u2019s name was Madge Green\u2019; she used the name \u2018M. Lambert\u2019 because the Tribune was a socialist newspaper. According to Emma some Bogee people survived by using an \u2018escape route\u2019 \u2013 a pass out of the Brymair Valley and into the Cudgegong Valley. Emma Syme (North-East Wiradjuri Co), pers. comm., 8 November 2020. \u2018Queen Peggy deceased\u2019, Bathurst Free Press and Mining Journal, 26 August 1885, p. 3. Peter Swain and Ray Agnew, interview, 28 January 2021. In an ode to \u2018The Dying Chief\u2019, H. H Lublin wrote that \u2018he was both esteemed and respected by the settlers in the west\u2019. \u2018Original Poetry. \u201cThe Dying Chief\u201d\u2019, Leader, 23 February 1895, p. 31. Peter Swain, interview, 7 December 2020. It seems there were three or four massacres in the area: Dabee, \u2018Brima\u2019, Bogee and another near Glen Alice. Emma Syme, interview, 28 January 2021; Martin DeLauney, interview, 27 February 2021", "datestart": "1824-09-01", "dateend": "1824-12-31", "udatestart": -4586321092000, "udateend": -4575866692000, "latitude": "-32.92455477", "longitude": "150.15151978", "linkback": "https:\/\/australianwars.net", "TLCMapLinkBack": "https:\/\/tlcmap.org\/search?id=te01b0", "TLCMapDataset": "https:\/\/tlcmap.org\/publicdatasets\/2008" }, "display": { "popup": { "links": [ { "text": "TLCMap Record: te01b0", "link": "https:\/\/tlcmap.org\/search?id=te01b0" }, { "text": "TLCMap Layer", "link": "https:\/\/tlcmap.org\/publicdatasets\/2008" } ] }, "source": { "TLCMapID": { "id": "te01b0", "url": "https:\/\/tlcmap.org\/search?id=te01b0" }, "Layer": { "name": "First Wiradjuri War and Resistance (community contributed)", "url": "https:\/\/tlcmap.org\/publicdatasets\/2008" } } } }, { "type": "Feature", "geometry": { "type": "Point", "coordinates": [ 150.14877319, -32.92455477 ] }, "properties": { "name": "Skirmish and massacre", "placename": "Brymair Valley", "description": "After the abduction of the Wiradjuri woman and the retaliatory killing of the two hut keepers, according to Jimmy Lambert\u2019s grand-daughter, \u2018a detachment of \u201cRedcoats\u201d were sent to punish the tribe\u2019. The Dabee were taken by surprise. The men \u2018hastily instructed the women and children to climb into the trees on the flat, while they themselves ran for cover behind the tree trunks on the opposite mountainside\u2019. The \u2018soldiers\u2019 (they were almost certainly not soldiers but an armed party) followed the men and wounded \u2018quite a few\u2019, including young Jimmy, as the Dabee warriors skirmished with them from the steep sides of Clandulla. They may have had a prepared position, possibly with a stockpile of weapons, as their attackers found it too difficult to pursue them. The \u2018Redcoats\u2019 then went \u2018back to the flat and fiendishly shot every woman, girl and piccaninny who had taken shelter in the trees there. Among them was the young lubra who had been the unwilling cause of it all\u2019.\n", "id": "te01b1", "source": " \u2018POEM RECALLS TROOPS\u2019 CRUEL MASSACRE Contributed by M. Lambert\u2019, Tribune, 26 April 1961, p. 7.", "datestart": "1824-09-01", "dateend": "1824-12-31", "udatestart": -4586321092000, "udateend": -4575866692000, "latitude": "-32.92455477", "longitude": "150.14877319", "linkback": "https:\/\/australianwars.net", "TLCMapLinkBack": "https:\/\/tlcmap.org\/search?id=te01b1", "TLCMapDataset": "https:\/\/tlcmap.org\/publicdatasets\/2008" }, "display": { "popup": { "links": [ { "text": "TLCMap Record: te01b1", "link": "https:\/\/tlcmap.org\/search?id=te01b1" }, { "text": "TLCMap Layer", "link": "https:\/\/tlcmap.org\/publicdatasets\/2008" } ] }, "source": { "TLCMapID": { "id": "te01b1", "url": "https:\/\/tlcmap.org\/search?id=te01b1" }, "Layer": { "name": "First Wiradjuri War and Resistance (community contributed)", "url": "https:\/\/tlcmap.org\/publicdatasets\/2008" } } } }, { "type": "Feature", "geometry": { "type": "Point", "coordinates": [ 150.17314911, -32.95012711 ] }, "properties": { "name": "Massacre", "placename": "Bogee Swamp", "description": "Bogee Creek (Bogee-Nile Creek) runs out from the horseshoe-shaped Brymair Valley. It is unclear if this is the same event as the Brymair Valley massacrez, however the swamp would appear a different location to the women and children at Brymair taking shelter in the trees on the flat. ", "id": "te01b2", "source": "According to descendants of survivors of massacres at this time, there was a massacre at Bogee Swamp as well. Peter Swain certainly feels \u2018a shiver in [his] bones\u2019 when he drives past the remaining swamps at Bogee today. . Peter Swain, interview, 7 December 2020; Emma Syme, interview, 28 January 2021; Martin DeLauney, interview, 27 February 2021", "datestart": "1824-09-01", "dateend": "1824-12-31", "udatestart": -4586321092000, "udateend": -4575866692000, "latitude": "-32.95012711", "longitude": "150.17314911", "linkback": "https:\/\/australianwars.net", "TLCMapLinkBack": "https:\/\/tlcmap.org\/search?id=te01b2", "TLCMapDataset": "https:\/\/tlcmap.org\/publicdatasets\/2008" }, "display": { "popup": { "links": [ { "text": "TLCMap Record: te01b2", "link": "https:\/\/tlcmap.org\/search?id=te01b2" }, { "text": "TLCMap Layer", "link": "https:\/\/tlcmap.org\/publicdatasets\/2008" } ] }, "source": { "TLCMapID": { "id": "te01b2", "url": "https:\/\/tlcmap.org\/search?id=te01b2" }, "Layer": { "name": "First Wiradjuri War and Resistance (community contributed)", "url": "https:\/\/tlcmap.org\/publicdatasets\/2008" } } } }, { "type": "Feature", "geometry": { "type": "Point", "coordinates": [ 150.146, -33.547 ] }, "properties": { "name": "Cox's River depot attacked", "placename": "Government Provision Depot' (Cox's River depot, near Glenroy)", "description": "Macquarie wrote \u2018Instructions for Serjeant Jeremiah Murphy\u2019 just days after his orders to Wallis, Shaw and Dawe in April 1816. He noted that \u2018A body of Hostile natives\u2019 had \u2018recently crossed the Blue or Western Mountains from this side to the New discovered Country, and attacked and Plundered the Government Provision Depot established at Cox\u2019s River\u2019. It is unclear if this report is correct, that the warriors had come across the mountains from the Sydney region to escape the sweeping British campaign around the edge of the Cumberland Plain, or were from the Cox's River area. The raids were serious enough to threaten the isolated depot and other shepherds and workers. Macquarie wrote that the warriors had not only raided the government depot, but also \u2018driven away from thence the Government Stock-men - as well as the Stock men of Private Individuals who were attending their Masters Herds in that Country\u2019.", "id": "te017c", "source": "Note 15, Macquarie to Bathurst, 18 March 1815, HRA, vol. 9, p. 550; SLNSW, A773, 25 May 1816 pp15-16; Gazette, 1 June 1816; SRNSW, 4\/1798, p.35; Orders to Murphy, 22 April 1816. SRNSW, NRS 897, 6065, 4\/1798, pp. 35\u201337. Macquarie to Bathurst, 4 April 1817, HRA, vol. 9, p. 342.", "datestart": "1816-03-01", "dateend": "1816-04-30", "udatestart": -4854679492000, "udateend": -4849495492000, "latitude": "-33.547", "longitude": "150.146", "linkback": "https:\/\/australianwars.net", "TLCMapLinkBack": "https:\/\/tlcmap.org\/search?id=te017c", "TLCMapDataset": "https:\/\/tlcmap.org\/publicdatasets\/2008" }, "display": { "popup": { "links": [ { "text": "TLCMap Record: te017c", "link": "https:\/\/tlcmap.org\/search?id=te017c" }, { "text": "TLCMap Layer", "link": "https:\/\/tlcmap.org\/publicdatasets\/2008" } ] }, "source": { "TLCMapID": { "id": "te017c", "url": "https:\/\/tlcmap.org\/search?id=te017c" }, "Layer": { "name": "First Wiradjuri War and Resistance (community contributed)", "url": "https:\/\/tlcmap.org\/publicdatasets\/2008" } } } }, { "type": "Feature", "geometry": { "type": "Point", "coordinates": [ 149.42985535, -33.27428728 ] }, "properties": { "name": "Massacre", "placename": "Billywillinga", "description": "In his 1887 Australian Stories Retold W H Suttor recounted a massacre at Billywillinga. Here, around 16 miles to the northwest of Bathurst, according to Suttor \u2018a camp of blacks had been established\u2019 near a group of stock station buildings. Suttor describes how \u2018a party of soldiers was despatched to deal with those at this camp\u2019. The soldiers began \u2018negotiations\u2019, which were \u2018apparently friendly, but really treacherous\u2019. As he wrote 'Food was prepared, and was placed on the ground within musket range of the station buildings. The blacks were invited to come in for it. Unsuspectingly they did come, principally women and children. As they gathered up the white men\u2019s presents they were shot down by a brutal volley, without regard to age or sex.' \nSuttor\u2019s is the only known historical account. While questions remain as to whether soldiers were involved (and would indeed use these tactics) \u2013 and whether Suttor may have re-versioned or even manufactured a story based on other attacks on Aboriginal people that occurred later, elsewhere on the frontier \u2013 his narrative certainly fleshes out some of the many claims of \u2018indiscriminate\u2019 killings at this time. ", "id": "te01b4", "source": "W H Suttor, Australian Stories Retold, pp. 45\u201346", "datestart": "1824-01-01", "dateend": "1824-12-31", "udatestart": -4607402692000, "udateend": -4575866692000, "latitude": "-33.27428728", "longitude": "149.42985535", "linkback": "https:\/\/australianwars.net", "TLCMapLinkBack": "https:\/\/tlcmap.org\/search?id=te01b4", "TLCMapDataset": "https:\/\/tlcmap.org\/publicdatasets\/2008" }, "display": { "popup": { "links": [ { "text": "TLCMap Record: te01b4", "link": "https:\/\/tlcmap.org\/search?id=te01b4" }, { "text": "TLCMap Layer", "link": "https:\/\/tlcmap.org\/publicdatasets\/2008" } ] }, "source": { "TLCMapID": { "id": "te01b4", "url": "https:\/\/tlcmap.org\/search?id=te01b4" }, "Layer": { "name": "First Wiradjuri War and Resistance (community contributed)", "url": "https:\/\/tlcmap.org\/publicdatasets\/2008" } } } }, { "type": "Feature", "geometry": { "type": "Point", "coordinates": [ 149.71155167, -33.1226007 ] }, "properties": { "name": "Massacre", "placename": "Bells Falls Gorge", "description": "In the early 1960s, Bathurst historian Percy Gresser noted a massacre \u2013 one that none of the Suttors or any other source had described. According to \u2018local traditions\u2019, the massacre had occurred at Bells Falls Gorge, near Wattle Flat, north of Bathurst, along the road to Sofala. According to Gresser, \u2018an old resident of Wattle Flat whose father had resided in the district before him, told me years ago that \u201chundreds of blacks\u201d had been rounded up and shot at Bell\u2019s Falls\u2019. Gresser thought it was quite likely that \u2018some were shot there, but in the course of time the number would become greatly exaggerated\u2019. ", "id": "te01b5", "source": "Gresser Papers, BDHSMA, pp. 24\u201353; Bathurst Times, 20 August 1962, p. 3. This brief snippet of information from Percy Gresser was transformed by Grassby and Hill, who wrote that \u2018troops drove a party of women and children with a few accompanying warriors into Bell\u2019s Falls Gorge. Trapped, they were systematically shot\u2019. Grassby and Hill, Six Australian Battlefields, p. 160. Mary Coe described it even more dramatically: \u2018women with their children jumped into the gorge or were shot and their bodies fell in. The Redcoats stood at the edge of the cliff and shot at the bodies making sure everyone including the children were all dead. The water ran red with blood of the murdered Wiradjuri people\u2019. Coe, Windradyne, p. 58. Sofala locals in the 1990s said to David Roberts that at Bells Falls Gorge there was a \u2018huge massacre\u2019 and they [Europeans] \u2018rounded all the blackfellas up at the top of the gorge, and shot at them until they jumped off\u2019. They had no idea when, or why, but that it involved the gorge. Roberts, \u2018Bells Falls massacre\u2019, p. 615. For an overview of debate over the veracity of the massacre see Neumann, \u2018Among historians\u2019, p. 182; Roberts \u2018The Bells Falls Massacre and oral tradition\u2019, in Attwood and Foster (eds), Frontier Conflict, pp. 150\u201357", "datestart": "1824-01-01", "dateend": "1824-12-31", "udatestart": -4607402692000, "udateend": -4575866692000, "latitude": "-33.1226007", "longitude": "149.71155167", "linkback": "https:\/\/australianwars.net", "TLCMapLinkBack": "https:\/\/tlcmap.org\/search?id=te01b5", "TLCMapDataset": "https:\/\/tlcmap.org\/publicdatasets\/2008" }, "display": { "popup": { "links": [ { "text": "TLCMap Record: te01b5", "link": "https:\/\/tlcmap.org\/search?id=te01b5" }, { "text": "TLCMap Layer", "link": "https:\/\/tlcmap.org\/publicdatasets\/2008" } ] }, "source": { "TLCMapID": { "id": "te01b5", "url": "https:\/\/tlcmap.org\/search?id=te01b5" }, "Layer": { "name": "First Wiradjuri War and Resistance (community contributed)", "url": "https:\/\/tlcmap.org\/publicdatasets\/2008" } } } }, { "type": "Feature", "geometry": { "type": "Point", "coordinates": [ 149.69713211, -33.32378698 ] }, "properties": { "name": "Massacre", "placename": "Clear Creek", "description": "Percy Gresser believed that an alleged massacre at Clear Creek was yet \u2018another tradition with a solid basis of fact, but numbers greatly exaggerated\u2019. He described how a man who owned \u2018a considerable area of country towards the head of Clear Creek, under the blue range of hills to be seen to the north-east from Bathurst, pointed out to me a locality on his property where \u201chundreds of blacks had been shot\u201d\u2019", "id": "te01b6", "source": "It may be the case that the events around the stockman killed at Clear Creek in 1823 became transformed into a massacre. Gresser Papers, BDHSMA, pp. 24\u201353; Bathurst Times, 20 August 1962, p. 3", "datestart": "1824-01-01", "dateend": "1824-12-31", "udatestart": -4607402692000, "udateend": -4575866692000, "latitude": "-33.32378698", "longitude": "149.69713211", "linkback": "https:\/\/australianwars.net", "TLCMapLinkBack": "https:\/\/tlcmap.org\/search?id=te01b6", "TLCMapDataset": "https:\/\/tlcmap.org\/publicdatasets\/2008" }, "display": { "popup": { "links": [ { "text": "TLCMap Record: te01b6", "link": "https:\/\/tlcmap.org\/search?id=te01b6" }, { "text": "TLCMap Layer", "link": "https:\/\/tlcmap.org\/publicdatasets\/2008" } ] }, "source": { "TLCMapID": { "id": "te01b6", "url": "https:\/\/tlcmap.org\/search?id=te01b6" }, "Layer": { "name": "First Wiradjuri War and Resistance (community contributed)", "url": "https:\/\/tlcmap.org\/publicdatasets\/2008" } } } }, { "type": "Feature", "geometry": { "type": "Point", "coordinates": [ 149.65490341, -32.61711095 ] }, "properties": { "name": "Massacre", "placename": "Mount Frome\/Burundulla\/The Rocky Waterhole", "description": "Descendants of Diana \u2018Mudgee\u2019 Collins know that she was recovered as a baby after surviving a massacre near Mount Frome, south of Mudgee. According to Martin deLauney, the Coxes\u2019 overseer Chamberlain instigated the massacre. Chamberlain had been sacked from his employment with the Coxes by 1825 for his \u2018vindictiveness throughout these unfortunate massacres\u2019, as George Henry Cox later described it. ", "id": "te01b7", "source": "Martin deLauney believes the massacre occurred at the \u2018The Rocky Waterhole\u2019, near Burundulla. Martin DeLauney, interview, 27 February 2021; Cox, \u2018History of Mudgee\u2019, pp. 44\u201346", "datestart": "1824-01-01", "dateend": "1824-12-31", "udatestart": -4607402692000, "udateend": -4575866692000, "latitude": "-32.61711095", "longitude": "149.65490341", "linkback": "https:\/\/australianwars.net", "TLCMapLinkBack": "https:\/\/tlcmap.org\/search?id=te01b7", "TLCMapDataset": "https:\/\/tlcmap.org\/publicdatasets\/2008" }, "display": { "popup": { "links": [ { "text": "TLCMap Record: te01b7", "link": "https:\/\/tlcmap.org\/search?id=te01b7" }, { "text": "TLCMap Layer", "link": "https:\/\/tlcmap.org\/publicdatasets\/2008" } ] }, "source": { "TLCMapID": { "id": "te01b7", "url": "https:\/\/tlcmap.org\/search?id=te01b7" }, "Layer": { "name": "First Wiradjuri War and Resistance (community contributed)", "url": "https:\/\/tlcmap.org\/publicdatasets\/2008" } } } }, { "type": "Feature", "geometry": { "type": "Point", "coordinates": [ 149.78347778, -32.75494244 ] }, "properties": { "name": "Massacre", "placename": "Unknown (may be already referred to)", "description": "in 1854, missionary Lancelot Threlkeld wrote in the Christian Herald newspaper that he had been told about events at Bathurst in the 1820s by an \u2018informant\u2019 who was \u2018a Magistrate\u2019. This may well have been Lieutenant Percy Simpson, who had been commandant at Wellington during 1824. According to Threlkeld, the magistrate told him that at Bathurst \u2018a large number were driven into a swamp, and mounted police rode round and round and shot them off indiscriminately until they were all destroyed!\u2019 Then, \u2018when one of the police enquired of the Officer if a return should be made of the killed, wounded there were none, all were destroyed, Men Women and Children! The reply was; - that there was no necessity for a return\u2019. The \u2018long reach of water\u2019 on the Cudgegong at Dabee, the Bogee Swamp or the Brymair Valley all fit the description of a \u2018swamp\u2019. While the Mounted Police were not formally established until 1825, Threlkeld was relating events from thirty years before. It certainly seems to have been a story from 1824, as the \u2018commanding officer\u2019, Threlkeld recalled, left for England \u2018shortly after\u2019; Commandant Morisset returned to England in early 1825. (It could not have been his successor, Lieutenant John Fennell, who died in Bathurst in 1826.) It is possible that on his voyage back to England the \u2018commanding officer\u2019 at Bathurst had some extra baggage. According to Threlkeld\u2019s informant, \u2018forty-five heads were collected and boiled down for the sake of the skulls!\u2019 The magistrate apparently \u2018saw the skulls packed for exportation in a case at Bathurst ready for shipment to accompany the commanding Officer on his voyage\u2019. Threlkeld also described how a \u2018certain officer\u2019 \u2018on his return from one of these cruel exploits, made his boast that it was fine sport, for it was only to draw his pistols from the holster, and he dropped the blacks down like partridges!\u2019 ", "id": "te01b3", "source": "Threlkeld in Gunson (ed.), Australian Reminiscences, pp. 19\u201325, 49, 74; Christian Herald, 5 August 1854, Christian Herald, 14 October 1854, p. 206", "datestart": "1824-01-01", "dateend": "1824-12-31", "udatestart": -4607402692000, "udateend": -4575866692000, "latitude": "-32.75494244", "longitude": "149.78347778", "linkback": "https:\/\/australianwars.net", "TLCMapLinkBack": "https:\/\/tlcmap.org\/search?id=te01b3", "TLCMapDataset": "https:\/\/tlcmap.org\/publicdatasets\/2008" }, "display": { "popup": { "links": [ { "text": "TLCMap Record: te01b3", "link": "https:\/\/tlcmap.org\/search?id=te01b3" }, { "text": "TLCMap Layer", "link": "https:\/\/tlcmap.org\/publicdatasets\/2008" } ] }, "source": { "TLCMapID": { "id": "te01b3", "url": "https:\/\/tlcmap.org\/search?id=te01b3" }, "Layer": { "name": "First Wiradjuri War and Resistance (community contributed)", "url": "https:\/\/tlcmap.org\/publicdatasets\/2008" } } } }, { "type": "Feature", "geometry": { "type": "Point", "coordinates": [ 149.59450006, -33.4182963 ] }, "properties": { "name": "Man missing presumed dead", "placename": "Bathurst", "description": "Macquarie\u2019s expedition left Bathurst to return to Sydney with one man missing. According to Macquarie\u2019s \u2018firm friend\u2019, Major of Brigade Henry Colden Antill, \u2018he had come with us with the idea of becoming a settler in the new country, and as we suppose, he had remained behind at Bathurst\u2019. But only on mustering did they find the man was missing. Apparently, the \u2018last time the poor fellow was seen was with some of the natives\u2019 and he, \u2018being a little in liquor, had insisted on going with them to their camp, where it was supposed from his own imprudence he had fallen a sacrifice, as no trace could be found of him by the parties which had been sent out\u2019. \nSo too the Wiradyjuri people to whose camp he had gone \u2018had not since been seen\u2019. This \u2018poor fellow\u2019 may have transgressed Wiradyjuri law and suffered dalgi giban (payback or retribution). This transgression may well have involved a woman \u2013 the colonists\u2019 attitude towards Wiradyjuri women was a constant source of conflict.", "id": "te017d", "source": "Henry Antill, 12 May 1815, \u2018Journal\u2019, in Mackaness (ed.), Fourteen Journeys, p. 96; Fry, Beyond the Barrier, 29\u201330", "datestart": "1815-05-11", "dateend": "1815-05-11", "udatestart": -4880167492000, "udateend": -4880167492000, "latitude": "-33.4182963", "longitude": "149.59450006", "linkback": "https:\/\/australianwars.net", "TLCMapLinkBack": "https:\/\/tlcmap.org\/search?id=te017d", "TLCMapDataset": "https:\/\/tlcmap.org\/publicdatasets\/2008" }, "display": { "popup": { "links": [ { "text": "TLCMap Record: te017d", "link": "https:\/\/tlcmap.org\/search?id=te017d" }, { "text": "TLCMap Layer", "link": "https:\/\/tlcmap.org\/publicdatasets\/2008" } ] }, "source": { "TLCMapID": { "id": "te017d", "url": "https:\/\/tlcmap.org\/search?id=te017d" }, "Layer": { "name": "First Wiradjuri War and Resistance (community contributed)", "url": "https:\/\/tlcmap.org\/publicdatasets\/2008" } } } }, { "type": "Feature", "geometry": { "type": "Point", "coordinates": [ 149.627, -33.689 ] }, "properties": { "name": "4 Wiradyuri people killed", "placename": "Campbells River", "description": "On his journey from the Cowpastures to Bathurst, after passing the location of current-day Rockley and heading down the hills towards the Campbell River, Throsby and his party met \u2018a large Tribe of Natives\u2019. Cookoogong undoubtedly relayed to Throsby that, as Throsby recorded it, \u2018the people at Bathurst was very very (cooler) angry with the Blacks\u2019. They told Throsby and Cookoogong that the colonists \u2018would set their dogs\u2019 on them, and would shoot at them. 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Warning<\/strong>

Colonial violence.<\/p><\/div>

Alternate Names: <\/strong>The Bathurst War, Windradyne’s War<\/p>\r\n

Aboriginal people:<\/strong> Wiradjuri (alt. Wiradyuri), Burra Burra, Gundungurra<\/p>\r\n

Named Aboriginal people:<\/strong> Windradyne (Saturday), Aaron (Ering), Blucher, Jingler (Gingler), Simon, Joe, Sunday (Murundah), Diana ‘Mudgee’ Collins, Jackey, Taylor, Charley, Congo-gal, Jimmy Lambert, Peggy Lambert, Scrammy, Cookoogong, Friday, Penneegrah<\/p>\r\n

Colonial Forces: <\/strong>40th Regiment of Foot, colonial militia, armed settlers.<\/p>\r\n

Notable Colonists: <\/strong>Major James Morisset, William Lawson, William Cox<\/p>\r\n

Listen: <\/strong><\/p>\r\n

The War on Wiradjuri has never ended | The Blak Lens | NITV, Dec 17, 2024
https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=Asq-RPvPyWo<\/a><\/p>\r\n

Push for Bathurst to grapple with its brutal past in Wiradyuri-led truth-telling project, 14 Aug 1824
https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=s94k3VHAouM<\/a><\/p>\r\n

When the War is Over | Ep 5 | ABC Iview | November 2025 | https:\/\/iview.abc.net.au\/video\/AC2415H005S00<\/a><\/p>\r\n

Narrative:<\/strong><\/p>\r\n

The fightback against the colonists and their tens of thousands of sheep and cattle that were entering Wiradjuri Country was announced by warriors in 1823. They told colonists in no uncertain terms that the Wiradyuri were going to ‘tumble down white man’ – to kill all the white men (Alsop and Booth, 1823: 340). 
In early 1824, the colonists at Bathurst noted that all the Wiradyuri who had been coming into the settlements and outstations – who had assisted the colonists in guiding and tracking and worked with them since 1815 – had suddenly ceased doing so. Communications between Wiradyuri and the colonists completely stopped (Morisset to Goulburn, 1824: 73; Lawson to Lawson, 1824: 37). In late May 1824, Wiradyuri tactics shifted to a new level. Threats to “tumble down white fellows” were carried out in a series of bloody raids that sent shock waves throughout the entire colony. Full-scale attacks on outstations began right across the region, from the Turon River in the north to O’Connell Plains in the south, as Wiradyuri warbands mobilised. They were under the leadership of men ­- only some of whose traditional names we know today - such as Blucher, Jingler, Simon, Joe, Sunday and Saturday - more famously known as Windradyne (Gapps, 2021: 125-157).
The resistance in 1824 was total and widespread across the Central West region of New South Wales, with conflict stretching from near Merriwa in the upper Hunter Valley region, to present day Mudgee and Rylestone, and to the south of Bathurst near Blayney (Gapps, Gudyarra, 2021: 125-157).
In early June 1824, people in the township of Bathurst witnessed a cart trundling through the streets with 7 dead convict stockworkers’ bodies heaped in it (Sydney Gazette, 12 August 1824: 2). Stockworkers across the Bathurst and Kings Plains were reported to be ‘\"obliged to stay in the Huts and save their own lives\" (Dunn to Palmer, November 1823: 329). Hundreds of cattle and sheep had either been killed or dispersed, or had been gathered up into herds and claimed by Wiradjuri people (Gapps 2021: 171-2). 
By July 1824, the number of dead colonists had risen to 20, with numerous others wounded  (‘Honestus’, 12 August 1824: 4). The pastoralists and stockholders of Sydney were in an uproar, clamouring for military intervention. A man writing under the name of Fidelis (very likely William Cox, an ex-army officer, first commandant of Bathurst, and with thousands of his own sheep and cattle in the district) wrote to the Sydney Gazette that the Wiradyuri were about 'to crush the flourishing prospects of our little Colony'. ('Fidelis', 12 August 1824: 4) It also seems to have been William Cox who suggested in a meeting with Governor Brisbane that the colonists should form 'one extended line' of soldiers and armed settlers to sweep the Bathurst Plains – a plan later and infamously conducted in Tasmania, called the Black Line. By early August, several colonists in Bathurst described the situation as 'war'.. (Bannister 1830: 124; Gapps 2021: 125-157)
Instead of a Black Line, martial law was declared west of the Blue Mountains and the military garrison reinforced. Commandant Morisset responded with a sweep of three \"divisions\" of soldiers and armed colonists across the region. The coordinated movements of these units of around 15 to 20 soldiers and armed settlers led by Magistrates was designed to capture or kill the resistance leaders, and to \"repress future violences\" (Sydney Gazette<\/em>, 16 September 1824: 2). 
But it was not the military that ended the Bathurst War. Despite traversing a vast area of terrain (one division travelling to the Hunter River to the north), Morisset's forces failed to contact any warriors or, as magistrate Ranken disappointedly wrote, failed \"seeing the enemy\". Ranken was, clear that the colonists at Bathurst were in a state of war (Ranken Letters, 1824-30: 1244). 
In fact it was the well mounted and well armed parties of settlers and convicts who killed indiscriminately, such as that led by ex-Sergeant Thomas Miller who set out with 20 armed men (quote) \"to hunt down the blacks\". Miller later admitted in his memoirs they (quote) \"shot and killed any they came across little and big young and old shared the same fate\" ('Thomas Miller' 1895).
The northeast Wiradyuri campaign of warfare against the colonists at Bathurst forced Governor Brisbane to declare martial law west of the Blue Mountains in August 1824 ('Martial Law', Sydney Gazette 19 August 1824: 1). The Bathurst War, or the First Wiradyuri War, was ended not by the soldiers that were sent to the area, but by the heavily armed parties of stockmen and farmers who conducted massacres. From August 1824 there were no more attacks on colonists, and by December Windradyne famously led his people across the Blue Mountains to Parramatta to meet Governor Brisbane (Gapps 2021: 158-194) and for a peace celebration (The Sydney Gazette<\/em>, 30 Dec 1824: 2). Perhaps Wyndradyne expected some form of negotiated settlement or agreement. Instead, the Wiradyuri received a feast and blankets and the colonising juggernaut rolled on across their Country.<\/p>\r\n

Contributor: Stephen Gapps, 2025<\/em><\/p>\r\n

Sources<\/strong><\/p>\r\n

Alsop and Booth, 1823. 'Re cattle killed by Natives', September 1823, Colonial Secretary’s Papers, Main Series of Letters Received, 1788–1826, State Records NSW, NRS 897, 6065, 4\/1798, , pp. 340-342<\/p>\r\n

Bannister, S., 1830. Humane Policy: or Justice to the Aborigines of New Settlements etc.<\/em>, Underwood, London<\/p>\r\n

Dunn, 1824. 'Inquest into the death of Peter Bray', 1824, SRNSW, NRS 897, 6065, 4\/1798, p. 312<\/p>\r\n

Dunn to Palmer, November 1823. SRNSW, NRS 897, 6065, 4\/1798, p. 329<\/p>\r\n

'Fidelis', 1824. Sydney Gazette <\/em>and New South Wales Advertiser<\/em>, 12 August 1824, p. 4 https:\/\/trove.nla.gov.au\/newspaper\/article\/2183114\/494904<\/a><\/p>\r\n

Gapps, S., 2021. Gudyarra. The first Wiradjuri War of Resistance - The Bathurst War, 1822–1824<\/em>, NewSouth Press, Sydney<\/p>\r\n

'Honestus', 1824. Sydney Gazette <\/em>and New South Wales Advertiser<\/em>, 12 August 1824, p. 4 https:\/\/trove.nla.gov.au\/newspaper\/article\/2183111\/494904<\/a><\/p>\r\n

'Martial Law', 1824. Sydney Gazette <\/em>and New South Wales Advertiser<\/em>,<\/em> 19 August 1824, p. 1 https:\/\/trove.nla.gov.au\/newspaper\/article\/2183147<\/a><\/p>\r\n

Morisset to Goulburn, 25 June 1824, SRNSW, NRS 897, 6065, 4\/1800, p. 73<\/p>\r\n

Ranken Family Letters, 1824-30, Mitchell Library, State Library of New South Wales, ML MSS, Doc 1244<\/p>\r\n

The Sydney Gazette and New South Wales Advertiser,<\/em> 30 December 1824, p. 2 https:\/\/trove.nla.gov.au\/newspaper\/article\/2183548<\/a><\/p>\r\n

Sydney Gazette <\/em>and New South Wales Advertiser<\/em>, 16 September 1824, p. 2 https:\/\/trove.nla.gov.au\/newspaper\/page\/494925<\/a><\/p>\r\n

'Thomas Miller' 1895-1902, Bathurst and District Historical Society Museum Archives, Folio 10<\/p>\r\n

William Lawson Junior to Nelson Lawson, 14 June 1824, in Beard (ed.) Old Ironbark: Some unpublished correspondence from and to William Lawson etc.<\/em>, The Wentworth Press, Sydney, 1967<\/p><\/div>

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