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                "description": "<p>\"The bunya pine tree fruits every year to a certain extent, but in every third March it gives forth a prolific crop of Bunya nuts. This fact was known to the black man, and from all points of the compass he came, from the Downs, Moreton Boy, the Burnett, the Dawson, and from, far down the Condamine river. In fact, I heard my father say that on one occasion he saw a tribe of Barcoo blacks arrive. A lean, gaunt miserable lot they were, but they went away happy, and with skins as sleek as mice. The Bunya festive season used to last about six weeks, and, strange though it may seem, the blacks would arrive almost simultaneously on the mountains. By what means they measured time over a period of three years, and calculated with such precision the exact month in every third year when the bunya pines would be in full fruit is somewhat difficult for us to understand. We knew that the black man measured time by moon periods, but how he calculated the number of moons that would occur between one season and another, and kept a correct record of them is one of those things known only to themselves.\"<\/p>",
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                "source": "<p>Bennie, J.C. 'The Bunya Mountains &ndash; Early Feasting Ground of the Blacks' The Dalby Herald 14 February 1931, p 6<\/p>",
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                "name": "Glass House Mountains",
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                "description": "\"(Petrie in Brisbane joined)...with a party of a hundred, counting the women and the children... They camped the first night at Bu-yu (Enoggera)... (Next) night... happened to be at the Pine (River)....The third night they camped at Caboolture... and next day started for the<br>Glasshouse Mountains... On the fourth day, at about 4 o'clock (pm), the party arrived near Mooloolah...\"<br>- CC Petrie, Tom Petrie's Reminiscences of Early Queensland (Brisbane:<br>Angus & Robinson, 1983), p 12-15",
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                "description": "(King) John Harvey, better known as ... the King of Laidley (one of the<br>most accomplished of the Queensland Aboriginal Monarchs), passed<br>through Toowoomba yesterday... Accompanied by his ...spouse, (he)<br>was ... pleased to inform us that he had been to the Bunya Bunya<br>Mountain, to ascertain, by personal observation and investigation, the<br>actual position of the two rival tribes \u2014 those occupying the district<br>around Maryborough and Wide Bay District, and those on the Darling<br>Downs and Ipswich districts.\"<br>\"King John asserts that the Wide Bay and Maryborough blacks have<br>long acted in a haughty, over bearing, and taunting manner towards<br>24<br>their neighbours on the Downs and in the Ipswich district, which<br>culminated in an appeal to arms. The rival commanders mustered<br>their men-of-war and, by mutual consent, the forces met each other<br>in the field at the Bunya Bunya Mountain. The conflict is described as<br>having been short, sharp, and decisive, the Wide Bay and<br>Maryborough blacks being beaten at all points, and fleeing in the<br>greatest disorder, leaving the moderate number of 0000 (no) dead on<br>the field. The victorious heroes were in ecstasies of delight at the<br>glorious triumph they had achieved.'<br>- Toowoomba Chronicle, 'War,' re-printed in The Cornwall Chronicle (Launceston)<br>Saturday 29 June 1867, p 2",
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                "description": "(King) John Harvey, better known as ... the King of Laidley (one of the<br>most accomplished of the Queensland Aboriginal Monarchs), passed<br>through Toowoomba yesterday... Accompanied by his ...spouse, (he)<br>was ... pleased to inform us that he had been to the Bunya Bunya<br>Mountain, to ascertain, by personal observation and investigation, the<br>actual position of the two rival tribes \u2014 those occupying the district<br>around Maryborough and Wide Bay District, and those on the Darling<br>Downs and Ipswich districts.\"<br>\"King John asserts that the Wide Bay and Maryborough blacks have<br>long acted in a haughty, over bearing, and taunting manner towards<br>24<br>their neighbours on the Downs and in the Ipswich district, which<br>culminated in an appeal to arms. The rival commanders mustered<br>their men-of-war and, by mutual consent, the forces met each other<br>in the field at the Bunya Bunya Mountain. The conflict is described as<br>having been short, sharp, and decisive, the Wide Bay and<br>Maryborough blacks being beaten at all points, and fleeing in the<br>greatest disorder, leaving the moderate number of 0000 (no) dead on<br>the field. The victorious heroes were in ecstasies of delight at the<br>glorious triumph they had achieved.'<br>- Toowoomba Chronicle, 'War,' re-printed in The Cornwall Chronicle (Launceston)<br>Saturday 29 June 1867, p 2",
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                "name": "Baroon",
                "placename": "Baroon Pocket, Nambour, Maroochydore",
                "description": "<p>\n\"I went to Booroon. A creek, fed by shady gulleys of the brushes, \npasses it; low ranges, all covered with thick brush, all of the igneous \nformation, surround it; many a bunya tree looks down on the capers \nof the children of the forest and brush, of plain and mountain, of sea \ncoast and of the country inland.\"\n- The Letters of F W Ludwig Leichhardt December 1843 Vol. 2, p 795\n<\/p><p>\n\"There was also a small open plain called \"Booroon,\" (Baroon Pocket \n Maleny), the name of the bora ceremony in the Mary River dialect, \nand there the men fought in single combats, and threw the spear and \nboomerang, and had wrestling and running matches, and there, too, \nthe young men went through their initiation ceremonies...\"\n- Archibald Meston, 'The Bunya Feast  Mobilan's Former Glory,'. In the Wild \nRomantic Days,' The Brisbane Courier (Qld), Saturday 6 October 1923, p 18\n<\/p><p>\n\"This plain they call Baroon, and it seems the rendezvous for ights \nbetween the hostile tribes who came from far and near to enjoy the \nfeast of the bunya...\"\n- John Archer, 1884 in Stan Tutt, Sunshine Coast History Brisbane: Discover \n1994, p 146\n<\/p><p>\n\"The great Bunya Scrub, called Boorum by the natives, from an open \nspace in the middle of it, where they hold their great meetings...\"\n- 'Report 2nd  Additional Remarks on the Bunya District and Its Natives,' \nSimpson Letter-book AD 1842, in G Langevad, Cultural & Historical Records of \nQueensland, No. 1, July 1979 St Lucia: Anthropology Dept, Uni of Qld, p 2\n<\/p><p>\n\"Booroom... takes this direction perhaps for 50 miles from north to \nsouth, is almost impenetrable except by crawling on the hands and \nknees. Here the bunya is plentiful and in the month of January, the \nblacks assemble for hundreds of miles round, and partake of the \nfruit.....\" \n- 'Statement of Bracewell and Davis as to the Supposed Administration of \nPoison to Some Blacks by White Men,' Simpson Letter-book AD 1842, G Langevad, Cultural & Historical Records of Queensland, No. 1, July 1979 St Lucia: \nAnthropology Dept, Uni of Qld.\n<\/p><p>\n\"In the early days, the Blackall Ranges was spoken of as the Bon-yi \nMountains and it was there that Duramboi and Bracewell joined the \nfeasts, and there also that father saw it all.\"\n- CC Petrie, Tom Petrie's Reminiscences of Early Queensland (Brisbane: Angus & Robinson, 1983), p 12\n<\/p><p>\n\"The Maroochy District was the home of the great bunya forest.\" \n- Audienne Blyth John Low's House and Family, Yandina - Koongalba 1894-\n1994 Yandina 1994 , p 38\n<\/p><p>\n\"This (Nambour\/ Maroochy district) is the great bunya country. It \nextends about 10 miles further south and goes north to about \nPinbarren.\" \n- William Pettigrew 1865 in Rev. Joseph Taiton,, Marutchi  History of the \nSunshine Coast Nambour: Taiton, 1976, p 103\n<\/p><p>\n\"The Bunya Bunya tree (here) is conined to a narrow belt of elevated \ncountry on the coast range, averaging from twelve and a half miles \nwide by twenty ive in length....\"\n- Journal; of a Naturalist  \nContinues, The Argus (Melbourne) Monday 1 July 1850, Page 4\n(NB Leichhardt describes the area as \"10 miles wide by 50 miles long\").\n<\/p><p>\n\"(There) were large forests of those trees in the early days (around \nthe Blackall Ranges etc.). They lourish still in places, but nothing \nhas been done to protect them...\"\n- J Zillman, In the Land of the Bunya Sydney: W. Dryrock, 1899, p 18\n<\/p><p>\n\"(Bunya pines) clothed the (Blackall) range.... (with) almost \nimpenetrable scrub.... (and) red cedar of 20 ft girth...\" \n- Dave Hankinson Reminiscences of Maleny Maleny: \nMaleny & District Centenary \nCommittee 1978, p 3-4\n<\/p>",
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                "description": "(King) John Harvey, better known as ... the King of Laidley (one of the<br>most accomplished of the Queensland Aboriginal Monarchs), passed<br>through Toowoomba yesterday... Accompanied by his ...spouse, (he)<br>was ... pleased to inform us that he had been to the Bunya Bunya<br>Mountain, to ascertain, by personal observation and investigation, the<br>actual position of the two rival tribes \u2014 those occupying the district<br>around Maryborough and Wide Bay District, and those on the Darling<br>Downs and Ipswich districts.\"<br>\"King John asserts that the Wide Bay and Maryborough blacks have<br>long acted in a haughty, over bearing, and taunting manner towards<br>24<br>their neighbours on the Downs and in the Ipswich district, which<br>culminated in an appeal to arms. The rival commanders mustered<br>their men-of-war and, by mutual consent, the forces met each other<br>in the field at the Bunya Bunya Mountain. The conflict is described as<br>having been short, sharp, and decisive, the Wide Bay and<br>Maryborough blacks being beaten at all points, and fleeing in the<br>greatest disorder, leaving the moderate number of 0000 (no) dead on<br>the field. The victorious heroes were in ecstasies of delight at the<br>glorious triumph they had achieved.'<br>- Toowoomba Chronicle, 'War,' re-printed in The Cornwall Chronicle (Launceston)<br>Saturday 29 June 1867, p 2",
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                "description": "\"(Petrie in Brisbane joined)...with a party of a hundred, counting the women and the children... They camped the first night at Bu-yu (Enoggera)... (Next) night... happened to be at the Pine (River)....The third night they camped at Caboolture... and next day started for the<br>Glasshouse Mountains... On the fourth day, at about 4 o'clock (pm), the party arrived near Mooloolah...\"<br>- CC Petrie, Tom Petrie's Reminiscences<br><br>\"The bunya bunya fruit is ripe. They are eating it. Let us - tomorrow -<br>go for bunya!\"<br>\"Where is my basket? Here it lies. I must take it to the Bunya.\"<br>\"There's a (bunya) fruit here. Will you throw it down?\"<br>- Conversations recorded amongst people camped at Enoggera in1850s,<br>about leaving for the Bunyas in William Ridley, Notebook (mss John Oxley<br>Library), 1855",
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                "description": "\"(Petrie in Brisbane joined)...with a party of a hundred, counting the women and the children... They camped the first night at Bu-yu (Enoggera)... (Next) night... happened to be at the Pine (River)....The third night they camped at Caboolture... and next day started for the<br>Glasshouse Mountains... On the fourth day, at about 4 o'clock (pm), the party arrived near Mooloolah...\"<br>- CC Petrie, Tom Petrie's Reminiscences of Early Queensland (Brisbane:<br>Angus & Robinson, 1983), p 12-15",
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                "description": "(King) John Harvey, better known as ... the King of Laidley (one of the<br>most accomplished of the Queensland Aboriginal Monarchs), passed<br>through Toowoomba yesterday... Accompanied by his ...spouse, (he)<br>was ... pleased to inform us that he had been to the Bunya Bunya<br>Mountain, to ascertain, by personal observation and investigation, the<br>actual position of the two rival tribes \u2014 those occupying the district<br>around Maryborough and Wide Bay District, and those on the Darling<br>Downs and Ipswich districts.\"<br>\"King John asserts that the Wide Bay and Maryborough blacks have<br>long acted in a haughty, over bearing, and taunting manner towards<br>24<br>their neighbours on the Downs and in the Ipswich district, which<br>culminated in an appeal to arms. The rival commanders mustered<br>their men-of-war and, by mutual consent, the forces met each other<br>in the field at the Bunya Bunya Mountain. The conflict is described as<br>having been short, sharp, and decisive, the Wide Bay and<br>Maryborough blacks being beaten at all points, and fleeing in the<br>greatest disorder, leaving the moderate number of 0000 (no) dead on<br>the field. The victorious heroes were in ecstasies of delight at the<br>glorious triumph they had achieved.'<br>- Toowoomba Chronicle, 'War,' re-printed in The Cornwall Chronicle (Launceston)<br>Saturday 29 June 1867, p 2",
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                "description": "\"(King) John Harvey, better known as ... the King of Laidley (one of the<br>most accomplished of the Queensland Aboriginal Monarchs), passed<br>through Toowoomba yesterday... Accompanied by his ...spouse, (he)<br>was ... pleased to inform us that he had been to the Bunya Bunya<br>Mountain, to ascertain, by personal observation and investigation, the<br>actual position of the two rival tribes \u2014 those occupying the district<br>around Maryborough and Wide Bay District, and those on the Darling<br>Downs and Ipswich districts.<br>\"King John asserts that the Wide Bay and Maryborough blacks have<br>long acted in a haughty, over bearing, and taunting manner towards<br>24<br>their neighbours on the Downs and in the Ipswich district, which<br>culminated in an appeal to arms. The rival commanders mustered<br>their men-of-war and, by mutual consent, the forces met each other<br>in the field at the Bunya Bunya Mountain. The conflict is described as<br>having been short, sharp, and decisive, the Wide Bay and<br>Maryborough blacks being beaten at all points, and fleeing in the<br>greatest disorder, leaving the moderate number of 0000 (no) dead on<br>the field. The victorious heroes were in ecstasies of delight at the<br>glorious triumph they had achieved.'<br>- Toowoomba Chronicle, 'War,' re-printed in The Cornwall Chronicle (Launceston)<br>Saturday 29 June 1867, p 2",
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                "description": "\"...the bunya harvest... this year (is) a very poor one, and scarcely<br>worth the battle the Myall and the Burnett tribes are about to fight,<br>according to annual custom, somewhere on the Burnett side of the<br>Range.\"<br>- The Brisbane Courier (Qld), Monday 10 April 1865, p 3",
                "id": "td0097",
                "source": "Kerkhove, Ray <i>The Great Bunya Gathering, Early Accounts<\/i> Enoggera, 2012 https:\/\/www.academia.edu\/8244371\/The_Great_Bunya_Gathering_Early_Accounts",
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                "description": "\"(Petrie in Brisbane joined)...with a party of a hundred, counting the women and the children... They camped the first night at Bu-yu (Enoggera)... (Next) night... happened to be at the Pine (River)....The third night they camped at Caboolture... and next day started for the<br>Glasshouse Mountains... On the fourth day, at about 4 o'clock (pm), the party arrived near Mooloolah...\"<br>- CC Petrie, Tom Petrie's Reminiscences of Early Queensland (Brisbane:<br>Angus & Robinson, 1983), p 12-15",
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                "name": "Wide Bay",
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                "description": "\"The big bunya season came around every three years and the blacks always followed it, but in the off seasons.\"<br>- Zacharaih Skyring, 'Article 11 Hunting with the Wide Bay Blacks,' Gympie in<br>the Cradle Days n\/d (c.1900?)",
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                "name": "Darling Downs and Ipswich",
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                "description": "(King) John Harvey, better known as ... the King of Laidley (one of the<br>most accomplished of the Queensland Aboriginal Monarchs), passed<br>through Toowoomba yesterday... Accompanied by his ...spouse, (he)<br>was ... pleased to inform us that he had been to the Bunya Bunya<br>Mountain, to ascertain, by personal observation and investigation, the<br>actual position of the two rival tribes \u2014 those occupying the district<br>around Maryborough and Wide Bay District, and those on the Darling<br>Downs and Ipswich districts.\"<br>\"King John asserts that the Wide Bay and Maryborough blacks have<br>long acted in a haughty, over bearing, and taunting manner towards<br>24<br>their neighbours on the Downs and in the Ipswich district, which<br>culminated in an appeal to arms. The rival commanders mustered<br>their men-of-war and, by mutual consent, the forces met each other<br>in the field at the Bunya Bunya Mountain. The conflict is described as<br>having been short, sharp, and decisive, the Wide Bay and<br>Maryborough blacks being beaten at all points, and fleeing in the<br>greatest disorder, leaving the moderate number of 0000 (no) dead on<br>the field. The victorious heroes were in ecstasies of delight at the<br>glorious triumph they had achieved.'<br>- Toowoomba Chronicle, 'War,' re-printed in The Cornwall Chronicle (Launceston)<br>Saturday 29 June 1867, p 2",
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